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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
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Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023" : 20 Documents clear
Effects of Dietary Mannan-Oligosaccharide (Mos) and Multi-Species of Bacillus on Growth and Feed Utilization in Leopard Coral Grouper Plectropomus leopardus Juvenile Sudewi Sudewi; Ni Wayan Widya Astuti; Yasmina Nirmala Asih; Afifah Nasukha; Muhammad Marzuqi; Indah Mastuti; Ketut Mahardika; Sari Budi Moria Sembiring; I Nyoman Adiasmara Giri
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.140-147

Abstract

This study assessed the growth and feed utilization in leopard coral grouper Plectropomus leopardus juvenile fed dietary prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) and multi-species of probiotic bacteria (Bacillus cereus BS6, B. subtilis BS3, and B. amiloliquefaciens BS4). The experiment was performed by feeding four replicates groups of juveniles weighing 3.61±0.60 g on four experimental diets, and each diet included: only MOS (PRE); the multi-species of Bacillus (PRO); a combination of MOS and the multi-species of Bacillus (SYN) and without supplementation (CON). When MOS (PRE) or the multi-species of Bacillus (PRO) was included in the diet solely, the growth of the fish was fairly good, although there was no significant difference with the control diet (p>0.05). Unexpectedly, the combined inclusion of MOS and the multi-species of Bacillus (SYN) did not increase the growth and feed utilization in Plectropomus leopardus juvenile. Presumably, MOS did not exert any favorable effects on the multi-species of Bacillus. This study suggested that no advantage was obtained when MOS and the multi-species of Bacillus were included in the diet simultaneously. In addition, the inclusion of MOS in higher levels may be necessary for better feed utilization and growth in leopard coral grouper Plectropomus leopardus.
Physiological Characteristics to Indicate Water Use Efficiency and Drought Tolerance of 30 Indonesian Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Accessions Wahyu Widiyono; Satya Nugroho
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.171-181

Abstract

Water use efficiency (WUE) is an essential subject in drought-restricted agricultures. Physiological parameters can be used to understand plant efficiencies in water usage. This research aimed to understand the physiological characteristics of 30 Indonesian sorghum accessions (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), which indicate WUE and drought tolerance. Field research was conducted at Cibinong Science Center, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) using Randomized Block Design with 30 sorghum accessions in 3 replicates. Experimental parameters included photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), stomatal conductance (GSW), photosynthetic (A) and transpiration (E) rates, and Leaf Area Index (LAI). The WUE was measured using four different approaches: instantaneous WUE (A:E), intrinsic WUE (A:GSW), and the relation between the biomass dry weight (BDW)/A and BDW/E. Based on WUE measurements, we concluded that sorghum accessions could be clustered into five groups, from the most efficient to inefficient water use. We also found that in some cases, WUE based on single leaf measurement had a positive correlation with WUE based on biomass, indicating its sufficiency in determining WUE status. The inconsistencies may be due to different sorghum physiological characteristics regarding gas exchange due to external stimuli (PPFD).
Physalis angulata Leaf Ethanol Extract Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Endothelial Progenitor Cells in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats Dian Nugrahenny; Nur Permatasari; Setyawati Soeharto; Indriati Dwi Rahayu; Edwin Widodo; Karyono Mintaroem; Hidayat Sujuti; Retty Ratnawati; Elly Mayangsari; Dicky Faizal Irnandi; Lavina Sofia Ardani; Tika Ardhini Wardoyo; Nathania Bella Claresta; Nura Fattah Cantika Yoga; Adinda Chika Anindita; Niarti Ulan Sari Siarnu; Fardizia Putri Alia
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.81-87

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) leaf ethanol extract on L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. We randomly divided twenty-five Wistar rats into five groups. The sham group was given a PBS injection. The hypertensive group was injected with L-NAME on days 1 to 28. Three groups of hypertensive rats were given the extract on days 4 to 28. Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method on days 0, 4, 10, and 27. The endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the blood were measured by flow cytometry as a percentage of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs, CD34+/CD309+/CD45+) and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs, CD34+/CD309+/CD45-). Serum NO and MDA levels, as well as serum SOD activity, were measured colorimetrically. Serum TNF-α levels were measured by the ELISA method. The ciplukan leaf extract reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, reduced the percentage of EPCs in the blood, increased serum NO levels, reduced MDA levels, increased serum SOD activity, and reduced serum TNF-α levels in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. It is concluded that ciplukan ethanol leaf extract exerts protective effects on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. These study results can strengthen the scientific basis of using ciplukan leaf ethanol extract to treat hypertension.
Determination of Complete Sequence Mutation of Myostatin Gene in Fast- and Slow-Growing Chicken Isyana Khaerunnisa; Ahmad Furqon; Saiful Anwar; Jakaria Jakaria; Cahyo Budiman; Irma Isnafia Arief; Cece Sumantri; Yong Soo Kim
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.148-158

Abstract

Myostatin plays a role in inhibiting skeletal muscle growth in vertebrates. This study aimed to investigate the full sequence of the myostatin gene in fast-growing and slow-growing chickens. Fast- and slow-growing chicken models were produced from F2 Kampung x broiler. The full sequence of the myostatin gene was identified using 24 pairs of primers covering about 8,000 bp. mRNA expression analysis of muscle tissue was performed to examine whether the expression levels of myostatin are affected by chicken lines, sex, or muscle type. The results showed 170 mutations in fast- and slow-growing chickens. One hundred and sixty-one of them are novel mutations. A total of five and twenty-two alleles were specific alleles found only in the fast-growing and slow-growing groups of chickens, respectively. There were no differences in amino acids and gene expression levels of myostatin between the fast- and slow-growing chickens. In summary, the results of this study showed that specific alleles for the fast-growing or slow-growing chicken groups were found, suggesting that these specific alleles potentially be used as genetic markers for muscle growth in chickens.
Genetic Diversity of Eight Native Indonesian Chicken Breeds on Microsatellite Markers Tike Sartika; Ferdy Saputra; Hideaki Takahashi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.122-130

Abstract

Indonesia has diversity in native chickens based on phenotypes. This diversity is utilized for economic purposes such as meat, eggs, fancy, crowing, and fighting. This study aimed to determine the genetic structure of eight native Indonesian chicken breeds with microsatellite markers, the genetic distance, and inbreeding coefficient of each breed of chicken used for crossbreeding programs to obtain a positive heterosis effect for selection programs. The samples used were Arab, Merawang, Pelung, Sentul, Cemani, KUB, Black Kedu and White Kedu. Broiler chickens (Cobb) were used as the outgroup in this study. A total of 192 DNA samples from eight breeds were used in this study. A total of 24 microsatellite markers were used in this study to observe the genetic diversity of 8 native breeds. The POPGENE, Cervus, and FSTAT were used to generate the observed number of alleles, the effective number of alleles, observed heterozygosity value, expected heterozygosity value, the heterozygote deficit within the breed (FIS), gene flow (Nm), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), and UPGMA tree. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using adegenet package of R software. Bayesian clustering assignments were analyzed using the STRUCTURE program. This study revealed a very close genetic relationship between seven native chickens and broilers. We also found Arab chickens separated from other Indonesian native chickens and no inbreeding in eight native Indonesian chicken breeds. In conclusion, we found two clusters among eight native Indonesian chicken breeds. Twenty microsatellite markers have a high PIC value in this study.
Effect of Media Variation on the Induction and Phytochemical Profile of Callus in Two Varieties of Cat's Whiskers (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume Miq) Fahrauk Faramayuda; Akhirul Kahfi Syam; Totik Sri Mariani; Elfahmi; Sukrasno
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.159-170

Abstract

The levels of rosmarinic acid and sinensetin in purple and white-purple varieties of Orthosiphon aristatus, cat's whiskers, can be increased using modified in vitro culture. This work focused on callus induction of the purple and white-purple variety of cat's whiskers grown on Gamborg (B5) and CHU (N6) with the addition of growth regulators 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetis acid. Our observation suggested that the callus could grow within three weeks and produce rosmarinic acid and sinensetin. The level of sinensetin from various extraction methods is relatively low; in contrast, the rosmarinic acid from purple callus was detected at about 5% w/w, while the white-purple variety was around 2% w/w. The results of this study also provided new information on the basic media other than MS that can grow cat's whiskers callus while producing active compounds.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Isolate Compounds from Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav Leaves on Lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 Cells Nilda Lely; . Dachriyanus; Yufi Aldi; . Almahdy; Fatma Sri Wahyuni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.28-34

Abstract

Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav) is a traditional Indonesian plant. The ethyl acetate fraction of red betel leaf has the potential as an anti-inflammatory. This research aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of isolate compound from ethyl acetate fraction of Piper crocatum leaves on the production of cytokine pro-inflammatory TNF-α and ICAM-1 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Cell viability was determined by the MTT method in the concentration range of 1.25; 2.5; 5; 10; 20, and 40 µg/ml. The TNF-α and ICAM-1 level was determined by the TNF-α and ICAM-1 assay kit as measured by an ELISA plate reader. Cell viability test of isolate compound from ethyl acetate fraction, the concentrations that gave viability percentages above 80% were 10; 5; 2.5 and 1.25 ug/ml. Isolate compound at concentrations of 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25 ug/ml significantly inhibited TNF-α and ICAM-1 production with p<0.05 (p = 0.000).
Cold Stress Response Genes of Lantiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Mut-3 and Lantiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Mut-7 Support the Ability to Survive in Low-Temperature Conditions Eunike Marganingrum Andriani Samodra; Dian Suroto; Tyas Utami; Rachma Wikandari; Endang Sutriswati Rahayu
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.65-70

Abstract

Probiotics are widely consumed in various food matrices to provide health benefits to the host. The viability of probiotic cells is influenced by several factors, including exposure to high temperatures during the production process and low temperatures during storage. In this study, we report the response to cold stress of Lantiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Mut-3 and Mut-7 after 24 h of storage at 4°C and -20℃. The cell number of Lantiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Mut-3 and Mut-7 in low-temperature condition had no significant differences than their initial number: 11.88 log CFU/ml and 11.62 log CFU/ml at 4°C; 11.51 log CFU/ml and 11.47 log CFU/ml at -20°C for Mut-3 and Mut-7 respectively. The results indicated the survival capacity of Lantiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Mut-3 and Mut-7 at low temperatures. The genes encoding cold shock proteins for the response to cold stress were evaluated by genome sequencing. The CspA/CspC genes of Lantiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Mut-3 and Mut-7 possibly play a role in maintaining cell resistance at low temperatures, since the genes products predicted to have conserved motifs in the RNA binding protein (RNP) -1 and RNP-2 responsible for cold response stress which are similar to those in other bacteria.
Artefactual Suboptimal Fixation Effect to Nuclear Staining on Erythrocytes of Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål 1775) Huu-Quyet Do; Van-Thanh Vo; Nguyen Thi Le-Na; Hoang Thi Thuy-Duong
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.48-52

Abstract

This research presents the unusual staining characteristic of the teleosts red blood cells–the common bluestripe snapper Lutjanus kasmira, caught at Toc Tan (Allison) Reef, Truong Sa Archipelago, Vietnam, due to side effects of the delayed staining procedure. In addition to the quantitative data measured, the results of microscopic image research showed that, on slides performed with the delayed Romanovsky staining procedure using Giemsa dye, the cell "nucleus" was not dye-stained as seen in the erythrocytes of much other fish. The AFM and SEM images of blood slides show that the structure of the nuclear zone and the nuclear membrane was destroyed. Although methanol is used as one of the common fixatives in biology, the delayed staining still causes artifactual side effects, disrupts the structure of the red blood cell nucleus and can cause confusion when studying cytogenetics.
The Effects of Ultraviolet B on The Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Formulations Against Tobacco Armyworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Sukirno Sukirno; Siti Sumarmi; R.C. Hidayat Soesilohadi; Ign. Sudaryadi; Hari Purwanto; Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 30 No. 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.30.1.17-27

Abstract

Tobacco armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fab.) is one of the major insect pests of crops in Indonesia. The management of this pest still depends on the use of chemical insecticides. The use of bio-insecticides, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.), are known to be alternatives, but it easily degraded by sunlight. This research aimed to study the effects of UV B on Bt. pathogenicity and to explore plant-based additives as UV B protectants for Bt. against armyworm. Thirteen plant extracts were screened based on their UV spectra absorbencies using UV spectrophotometry. The extracts, namely cloves, Jicama, Celebes pepper, turmeric, and Moringa, then used for the formulations of Bt. and exposed under UV B lights for 0, 72, and 144 h. After exposure to UV B, Bt. formulations were tested for bioassay against one- day-old 1st and one day old 2nd larval instars of tobacco armyworm. The result indicated that at 72 and 144 h of UV B exposures, the Bt. added formulations were signifcantly different compared to Bt. alone. At 72 h exposure against the 2nd larval instar, the larval mortality of tobacco armyworm on the second day of observation on Bt. formulated with Celebes pepper and turmeric was 97.3 and 80%, respectively, whereas, at 144 h exposure, the mortality was 96 and 89.3%, respectively. This study concluded that Celebes pepper and turmeric extracts were the potential to be used as the Bt. protectants against UV B.

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