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Harini Nurcahya
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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity
Published by Universitas Nasional Jakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27744116     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity, ISSN : 2774-4116 (Online) is an international journal that publishes articles on all aspects of biological diversity-its description, analysis and conservation, and its controlled rational use by humankind. The scope of Biodiversity and Conservation is wide and multidisciplinary, and embraces all life-forms. published by Universitas Nasional Jakarta
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 47 Documents
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Antibacterial Activities of Ethanol Extracts Fruit Bodies of Ganoderma Lucidum and Rigidoporus Microphorus Against Escherichia Coli and Staphlyococcus Aureus Noverita Noverita; Ritchie Y.H L.T
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 1 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum and Rigidoporus microporus are two examples of macro fungi that are commonly found in forest areas in the highlands of Indonesia, and are even found in lowlands such as in urban forests in DKI Jakarta. Many of these macro fungi have been reported as potential medicinal substances, especially from the species G. lucidum, whose fruit bodies are usually obtained from forests in upland areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of the fungi G. lucidum and R. microporus obtained from several places in South Jakarta against the growth of E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Testing for antibacterial activity was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. The results showed that the extract of G. lucidum fruit bodies was only able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria. While the fruit body extract of R. microporus was able to inhibit both types of tested bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus). The results showed that G. lucidum extract was only able to inhibit S. aureus bacteria. Meanwhile R. microporus extract was able to inhibit E.coli and S.aureus. There was no significant effect of increasing the concentration of mushroom fruit extract on the inhibition zone of the tested bacteria.
Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Of Temu Tis (Curcuma purpurascens) Rhizome in White Rat(Rattus norvegicus) Suprihatin Suprihatin; Carles Tambunan; Ernawati Sinaga
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 1 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Temu tis (Curcuma purpurascens BI) is a species of Curcuma that has not been widely studied. Although it is not very well known, temu tis is also used as a traditional medicine to treat coughs, stomach aches, and skin infections. The results of several studies proved that temu tis rhizome extract has bioactivity as an antioxidant and anti-cancer. Temu tis is also proven to contain flavonoids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and essential oils. Because it contains bioactive substances, it is estimated that temu tis rhizome extract has the potential to be used as a medicine, therefore its safety needs to be tested. In this study, an acute and subchronic toxicity test was conducted for the ethanol extract of temu tis rhizome which was given orally to white mouse (Rattus norvegicus) using various increased doses to see the toxic effects, both qualitative and quantitative, and subchronic effects in an increase of serum level measurements for both serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT). From the results, there was no visible toxic effect and mortality of mouse in the doses tested, namely between 1250-5000 mg/Kg body weight with the administration for 14 days. From the calculation results, the LD50 value of temu tis rhizome extract is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight, so it is classified into category 5 or non-toxic according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification (GHS). Subchronic toxicity test results also showed that the administration of temu tis extract for 28 days in a dose range of 1,250-5,000 mg /Kg body weight did not significantly affect the activity of the SGOT and SGPT enzymes in the experimental mouse.
Performance and Productivity of Local Chicken Cross Third Generation At Age 1 to 10 Weeks H Nurcahya; S Darwati; I.J. Tambunan
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 1 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Local chickens had some advantages such as high adaptability and resistance to disease, so they can be raised in remote rural areas. However, there are several drawbacks including the relatively slow growth. One way to overcome these weaknesses is by conducting cross-breeding and selection so that the productivity of chickens can increase. The aim of this research was to evaluate the product of crossbreeding between SkkeduxkeduSK and SkkeduxkeduSK chickens. The chickens used in this research were 43 DOC SKkeduxkeduSK and 46 KeduSKxSKkedu DOC. This research used T test was to determine the difference in average body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion and mortality from crosses between kedu chickens and sentul-kampung chickens. Crossbreeding between SkkeduxkeduSK and SkkeduxkeduSK chickens. The feed given was in 3 phases: 1) 100% commercial feed for 0-3 week old chickens, 2) 80% commercial feed mixed with 20% rice bran for 4 week old chickens and 3) 60% commercial feed mixed with 40% rice bran for 5-10 week old chickens.The variables measured included body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion and mortality. between SKkeduxkeduSK and KeduSKxSKkedu were not significantly different. SKkeduxkeduSK and KeduSKxSKkedu chickens had the same growth. The body weight of crossbreeding between SKkeduxkeduSK and keduSKxSKkedu reached 0.8 – 0.9 kg at the age 10 week. SKkeduxkeduSK and keduSKxSKkedu chickens were quite efficient in the use of feed with a conversion value of 3.0-3.7. But the mortality on this crossbreeding chickens was still quite high as it reached 3% in the population.
Identification of Macro-Algae Species in Sindangkerta Beach, Tasikmalaya District, an Effort to Explore the Biodiversity of Indigenous Species Sri Handayani; Cipto Utomo; Nuraidah Nuraidah; Indrastiwi Pramuliati; Achmad Fahreza
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 1 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Sindangkerta beach has a total area of ​​90 ha, located in the Sindangkerta village, which is one of the natural tourism areas located on the south coast of West Java, which became one of the mainstays of Tasikmalaya regency. The tourist area is relatively unspoiled and has not maximized its potential. Aside from being a tourist area, Sindangkerta Beach is also a conservation area for sea-turtle breeding. As one of the conservation areas and a tourist spot is certainly a lot of pressure and ecological threats. Handling indigenous species diversity is very important and urgent treated as early as possible to monitor the occurrence of extinction and efforts to develop the existing potential. Data species and morphological descriptions for basic data management and enrichment of biodiversity, especially in Sindangkerta Beach Tasikmalaya. This study was conducted in June 2013 at the Sindangkerta Coastal Waters, District Cipatujah, Tasikmalaya District, West Java Province. The method used Line Transect Square. Sampling was carried out during low tide using square plot. All types of macroalgae found in the square plot were calculated for the number of individuals before the identification process. Macroalgae found in Sindangkerta Beach were 25 species and 17 genera of 3 divisions namely Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta. The highest abundance of macroalgae is Padina australis and Sargassum duplicatum, while the lowest abundance is Halimeda discoidea, Halimeda macroloba, and Laurencia sp. Types of macroalgae that dominate a group Sindangkerta Beach Aquatic included as Phaeophyta (brown algae) categories with the highest dominance type of Padina autralis.
Phytochemical, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities Test of Three Macro-Algae Phaeophyceae Extracts from Pulau Tidung Coastal Kepulauan Seribu Sri Handayani; Suprihatin Suprihatin; Retno Widowati; Nyoman Yudi; Indra Rahayu
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 1 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Macro-algae is a Thallophyta plant that has been known to have potential as a food and medicine ingredient, one of that is in the Kepulauan Seribu, particularly on Pulau Tidung coastal. Therefore this study aimed to explore the potential of three types of macro-algae: Hormophysa triquerta, Padina austraslis, and Sargassum binderi (Phaeophyceae) on the Pu;au Tidung coastal by revealing the phytochemical content, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity. The design used in this study was completelyrandomized factorial designs. The phytochemicals tested were flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, quinon, steroid, and terpenoid. Antibacterial were tested by diffusion wel method on Muller Hinton agar in a petri dishes with a size of 100 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. The three tested macro-algae were extracted using methanol solvent and divided into four concentrations: 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The test bacteria used were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6539 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Observation of the antibacterial test was carried out 24 hours after incubation at 370C. Antioxidant activity at concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 500, 700 ppm was carried out by the DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-pikrylhidrazyl) method. The results of phytochemical tests showed that flavonoids and steroids were found in the three macro-algae tested, while saponins were only found in S. binderi. The results of the inhibition zone showed that the three macroalgae extract tested did not inhibit E. coli bacteria. The largest inhibition zone was shown at a concentration of 20% against S. aureus bacteria, namely, H. triquerta = 10.09 ± 0.89, P. austraslis = 11, 46 ± 1.09, and S. binderi 8.00 ± 1.29. The regression results of the tested macro -algae antioxidant activity showed that the IC50 values were 13,290 ppm (H. triquerta), 3,800 ppm (P. australis), and 4,053 ppm (S. binderi).
The Response of Orangutans to a Total Solar Eclipse Event Didik Prasetyo; Sri Suci Utami-Atmoko; Deni Kurniawan; Erin Vogel
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

A complete solar eclipse is a rare event, and we know very little about how other species, including our closest living relatives the primates, react to these events. We observed orangutans on the island of Borneo, Indonesia during a rare astronomical event of a total solar eclipse. Captive orangutans in Nyarumenteng rehabilitation center, Central Kalimantan were observed to document their reaction to this unexpected environmental event. Based on this study that was conducted in 2016, the dramatical behavior demonstrated in the time of the total solar eclipse, and the general response differed between before and after the event. During the total solar eclipse, flanged males tended to increase their social behavior compared to the unflanged males. These findings indicate that the total solar eclipse resulted in an environmental stressor for these captive orangutans.
Exploration of Ethno-medicinal Knowledge among Periurban Community of Hurip Jaya Village, Babelan, District Bekasi, West Java Nonon Saribanon; Kamelia Putri Utami; Sri Endarti Rahayu
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

The role of the community in the use of medicinal plants is very important to encourage the development of natural resources in the surrounding environment and improve the degree of public health. Medicinal plants that have been widely researched and are often used by the people of Indonesia since a long time ago, can be an alternative treatment or support conventional treatment therapies. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in society in relation to the use of medicinal plants, document the diversity of medicinal plants and how to use medicinal plants by the community, and obtain a list of plant species based on the use value of disease categories. Data collection is done by open interviews, participatory observation, focus group discussions (FGD). Data were analyzed descriptively to describe the changes that occurred in the community before and after the existence of medicinal plants, inventorying the composition of medicinal plant species and how to use them. Quantitative analysis is done by calculating the Local User's Value Index (LUVI). The changes that occur are people using medicinal plants for cultivation, curing diseases and maintaining health. There are 44 plant species from 40 genera and 26 plant tribes used to cure 46 diseases. Asteraceae is a plant species with the highest number of species that are used as medicinal ingredients. Based on the calculation of the value of LUVI, Dayak onions are medicinal plants that have the highest score, which is 6%. Then followed by bay leaves 4.65% and sidaguri 4.55%. Ten common diseases that occur in the community are diarrhea, gout, cholesterol, high blood pressure, gastritis, rheumatism, asthma migraine, stroke, fever. Utilization of medicinal plants carried out by the community that is, by making processed products such as instant simplicia powder, dried simplicia, herbal medicine and tea bags. There is a change in the use of medicinal plants from previously not using medicinal plants and currently using medicinal plants to cure a disease and maintain health. The change occurred because of the existence of the non-governmental organization Aliksa as a facilitator and local leader who managed and assisted the cultivation and utilization program of medicinal plants. Common diseases that occur in the people of Hurip Jaya village are diarrhea, gout, cholesterol, high blood pressure, gastritis, rheumatism, asthma migraine, stroke, fever. Utilization of medicinal plants used as processed products such as instant simplicia powder, dried simplicia, herbal medicine and tea bags.
Utilization of Medicinal Plants in Turi Putih Village, Blitar, East Java and Antibacterial Tests against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Sri Endarti Rahayu; Dini Wulan Dari; Yulneriwarni Yulneriwarni
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Plants contain compounds that can be considered as antimicrobials. The community of Turi Putih Village have used plants that have medicinal properties to treat certain diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct research on the use of medicinal plants and antibacterial tests from plants originating from Turi Putih Village. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of medicinal plants, plant parts used, preparation and use of medicinal plants by the local community, as well as the antibacterial potential of medicinal plants that have High score of Use Value (UV) and Fidelity Level (FL) ​​to treat those diseases. Data was collected by using semi-structural interviews and respondents were chosen by purposive sampling. To analyze the data, we adopted qualitative and quantitative ethnobotanical technique. Qualitative, namely descriptive methods to make an inventory of the composition of medicinal plants and preparation and use by the community, and quantitative to see the most commonly used and most preferred species ethnomedicinal plant species for treating certain ailments. . Based on interviews with respondents, the community uses 44 species of medicinal plants, 40 genus that belong to 26 plant families to treat 19 diseases caused by bacteria. Based on UV and FL scores, mint leaves (Mentha piperita) and kencur leaves (Kaempferia galanga) had the highest scores. The results showed that mint leaves and kencur leaves have antibacterial activity by forming an inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In this study, extract from leaf of K. galanga appeared to be more potent than that of leaf of M. piperita, and produced consistent level of inhibition of bacterial growth. Since it was revealed that the leaves extract of Kaempferia galanga has the ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus – food – poisoning organism, hence, it would be interesting to investigate the potentially of this plant for possible application in foods to promote safety.
Study on The Condition of Coral Reefs in The Planned Marine Park Area of Kaliage Besar Island, Kepulauan Seribu National Park, DKI Jakarta Hermansyah Hermansyah; Tatang Mitra Setia; Cipto Utomo; Isai Yusidarta; Annastasya Rahma Ramadhani; Alvira Noer Effendi; Nurdian Sahrila
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Kaliage Besar Island is one of the islands in Seribu Islands National Park, DKI Jakarta. Located in the Management Section of Kelapa Island Region I National Park. The island with the allotment of the use rights of the private island which is used as a public tourist and resort. Kaliage Besar Island still has the potential for highly productive coral reef resources. Currently, the coral reefs of Kaliage Besar Island has suffered damage caused by anthropogenic activities and natural factors. This research used Underwater Photo Transect/UPT method were analyzed using CPCe 4.1. software (Coral Point Count with Excel extension). Data collection was carried out at one research point with a depth of 3 m and a transect length of 20 m with 3 data collection times (10 m intervals between transects). The measurement physico-chemical parameters results was shown that water quality in Kaliage Besar Island was still within tolerance limits for coral life. The percentage of live coral cover was in a bad category with a low value 6,46%. Composition of hard coral genusis consists of 6 family, 7 genus, and 119 individuals. The most dominant genus is Porites with submassive and massive growth form. The index value of diversity shows a low category (0,42). The dominance index value showed a high category (0,84). Uniformity and mortality index value showed a low category (0,22 and 0,28).
Identification of Polymorphism Growth Hormone Gene in Local Chickens Resulting from Three Breed Crosses Harini Nurcahya; Sri Darwati; Isyana Khaerunnisa; Ida Wiryanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Local chicken has an important role as a source of animal protein producing eggs and meat. Local chicken has the advantage of being able to adapt to hot weather and be more resistant to disease. However, there are still weaknesses, namely relatively slow growth and relatively low egg production. Therefore, one way to overcome these weaknesses is by holding selection and crossing. Local chickens used for crossing in this study were sentul, kampung and kedu chicken. In connection with the growth of chickens that are slow and low in productivity of local chickens, it is necessary to examine the factors that influence growth and productivity. The hormones that have an effect on growth are GH (Growth Hormone), so that the characteristics of the gene of growth in local chickens from the cross can be known.The purpose of this study was to detect the characteristics of the Growth Hormone gene in local chickens resulting from Three Breed Crosses . The research material used in this study was forty local chickens produced by cross-sentul, kampung and kedu chicken. To find out GH gene polymorphism is by PCR-RFLP with cutting enzyme EcoRV.The results of the GH gene study in sentul, kampung and keducrossed chickens are polymorphic and are in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state. Kampung chicken cross population was polymorphic for GH|EcoRV loci and the GG genotype was predominant in this population. G allele frequency in kampung,kedu and sentul chicken cross population is higher than the A allele. The highest genetic diversity was observed at kampung,kedu and sentul chicken cross and the heterozygosity value was lowcategory.

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