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Makara Journal of Technology
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23552786     EISSN : 23564539     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mjt
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
MAKARA Journal of Technology is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal committed to the advancement of scholarly knowledge and research findings of the several branches of Engineering and Technology. The Journal publishes new results, original articles, reviews, and research notes whose content and approach are of interest to a wide range of scholars. It also offers rapid dissemination. MAKARA Journal of Technology covers the recent research in several branches of engineering and technology include Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, Material & Metallurgical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Civil & Architecture Engineering, and Marine Engineering. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the engineering & technology and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published three times each year, is where readers look for the advancement of discoveries in engineering and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 23, No. 2" : 7 Documents clear
Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Oil Palm Decanter Cake Activated Carbon Yusoff, Mohd. Ezreeza Mohamed; Idris, Juferi; Zainal, Nahrul Hayawin; Ibrahim, Mohamad Faizal; Abd-Aziz, Suraini
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Adsorption processes are widely used for the removal of heavy metals from waste streams. Oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) is used as a bioadsorbent because of its compositional properties for activated carbon production; moreover, it is a readily available raw material produced in palm oil mills and is thus abundant and cheap. In this study, the OPDC was carbonized at 700 °C and activated using steam at 700 °C to produce oil palm decanter cake activated carbon (AC-OPDC). Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to compare the adsorption capacities of the raw OPDC and the AC-OPDC for heavy metals removal. The maximum adsorption capacities of AC-OPDC on Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) were found to be 45.01, 128.51, and 39.21 mg/g, respectively, which were higher than those of the raw OPDC. This study demonstrates that the AC-OPDC has the potential to be a bioadsorbent for heavy metal removal from wastewater.
A Study of the Electron Regeneration Efficiency of Solar Cells Fabricated Using CMC/PVA-, Alginate-, and Xanthan-based Electrolytes Shaafi, Nur Farha; Muzakir, Saifful Kamaluddin; Sahraoui, Bouchta
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

A photovoltaic (PV) mechanism consists of three important steps, i.e., (i) electron excitation upon absorption of photon with energy higher than the bandgap of fluorophore, (ii) excited-state electron injection from the fluorophore to the pho-toelectrode, and (iii) electron regeneration from the electrolyte to the fluorophore. An efficient electron regeneration could be achieved upon fulfillment of the requirements of energy alignment, i.e., lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of fluorophore (LUMOfluorophore) > redox potential of electrolyte > highest occupied molecular orbital of fluorophore (HOMOfluorophore). This study investigated the electron regeneration efficiency of excitonic solar cells fabricated using three polymer-based electrolytes, i.e., (i) 60% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blended with 40% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), (ii) alginate, and (iii) xanthan. The redox potentials of the electrolytes (Eo) were calculated using quantum chemical calculations under the framework of density functional theory. The compatibility of fluorophore and electro-lyte was analyzed in terms of the energy level alignment. The cells fabricated using the three polymer-based electrolytes were analyzed, with the CMC/PVA-based cell yielding the highest efficiency, η, of 1.39% under the illumination of the sun. The low η of the cells can be attributed to the incompatible Eo of the electrolytes, which exhibited a higher energy level than the LUMOfluorophore. The alginate- and xanthan-based cells exhibited inferior PV properties (i.e., open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and η) to that of the CMC/PVA-based cell. This finding can be attributed to the increment of energy offset between Eo and HOMOfluorophore.
Study of Ecological Design of Residential Complexes Using SPSS to Elevate Resident Satisfaction Kolbadinejad, Soheil Malekpour; Ravasjan, V. Malekpour; Darvish, A.
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This article reports the general residential satisfaction, affecting ecological factors, and their importance in area in Tehran. The collected field data was analyzed using SPSS. Cronbach's alpha variable was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire and the Friedman test was used to assess priorities that influence residential satisfaction. The results show that the quality of residential environments and general satisfaction of their residents may be enhanced by identifying these criteria and making appropriate plans for their improvement.
Use of the “DNAChecker” Algorithm for Improving Bioinformatics Research Bhat, Nausheen; Wijaya, Ezra Bernadus; Parikesit, Arli Aditya
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Basic Local Alignment Sequencing Tool (BLAST) is a bioinformatics tool used for analyzing nucleotide sequences with regards to their similarity. BLAST can be found online on biological databases such as the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and other such repositories. The mechanism of BLAST allows the target sequence to be compared with other sequences to find regions of local similarity, and thus, a comparability quotient that determines the resemblance between the sequences is created. Due to the open-platform nature of the online databanks, several sequences can be accepted with little to no interjections regarding the quality of sequence submitted. An example of unclean nucleotide sequences can be based on the number of non-template nucleotides, denoted as “N,” present within the sequence. Here we develop a self-established nucleotide sequence reading program known as “DNAChecker,” which helps identify the quality of the target sequence and therefore proposes the effectiveness of the BLAST result. DNAChecker is an inbuilt, program that runs on Python 3.4 and was implemented in the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project conducted in Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences. Although DNAChecker has proven to be useful, it has a lot of room for improvements, such as having a more objectively accurate means of differentiating between good and bad sequences.
Component Analysis and Antiangiogenic Activity of Thailand Stingless Bee Propolis Ishizu, Eriko; Honda, Sari; Ohta, Tosihro; Vongsak, Boonyadist; Kumazawa, Shigenori
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
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Propolis is a natural resin produced by honey bees from certain plants, has gained popularity as a food and alternative medicine. However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies on native Thailand stingless bee propolis are available. Information on the chemical composition and biological activities of propolis is needed to investigate its potential utility. Recently we have reported the possible plant origin of Thailand stingless bee propolis, Garcinia mangostana. In this study, further component analysis, functional evaluation, and identification of the plant origin of Thailand stingless bee propolis are conducted. Nine xanthones, including α-mangostin, garcinone C, γ-mangostin, cochinchinone T, β- mangostin, gartanin, 8-deoxygartanin, 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone, and mangostanol, were identified from the propolis. Comparative analysis of 70% ethanol extracts of Thailand stingless bee propolis (EEP) and the yellow resin from the fruit surface of G. mangostana (EEM) was performed using LC-MS, and similar chromatographic patterns were obtained. This result suggests that the plant origin of Thailand stingless bee propolis is confirmed to be the yellow resin from the fruit surface of G. mangostana. EEP and EEM were then tested for their ability to inhibit the tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and both samples inhibited the tube formation of these cells in a concentrationdependent manner. This result indicates that Thailand stingless bee propolis may have future applications in the prevention and treatment of angiogenesis-related diseases.
3D FDTD Method for Modeling of Seismo-Electromagnetics Disturbance on Crustal Earth Shabrina, Nabila Husna; Hobara, Yasuhide; Munir, Achmad
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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The paper deals with the modelling of seismo-electromagnetics disturbance on the crustal earth by use of threedimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The model is built up by discretizing the frontier geographical region between Java Island and Sumatra Island in a cylindrical coordinate system-based 3D object. The proposed method is applied to compute and analyze electromagnetics (EM) fields of the observed very low frequency (VLF) wave used for the investigation. Boundary condition of uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) are applied surrounding the area of computation for truncating the object of simulation. The investigation are focused on the propagation time of observed VLF wave and its amplitude variation between the observation point and disturbance pulse. The result shows that the propagation time is significantly affected by the distance of observation point and the permittivity of propagation medium. Meanwhile, the addition pulse associated with the earthquake influences the amplitude of observed VLF wave instead of its frequency.
Experimental Evaluation of Three Different Humidity Conditions to Physical and Mechanical Properties of Three Different Mixtures of Unfired Soil Bricks Purnomo, Heru; Arini, Srikandi Wahyu
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Unfired brick is considered as a more environmentally friendly material than fired brick. It has lower mechanical properties than that of fired brick where humidity influences both bricks. Physical and mechanical properties of unfired bricks made of three kinds of mixtures were studied experimentally under three humidity conditions. The first kind of unfired brick was made only with soil and water while the second type was made of a mixture of soil, water and lime, and the third type was a mixture of soil, water, lime and uniform treated coir where 4% of lime mass was substituted with coir mass. Physical properties evaluation consisted of water content, absorption, volume shrinkage and density of those unfired bricks. Some variations occur in the third type of unfired bricks physical test results, where in general in more humid conditions there are tendency to have higher density, higher absorption, higher water content and less volume shrinkage compared to two other types of unfired bricks. Mechanical properties are evaluated by its modulus of rupture, compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. It is found that the addition of 4% treated 2.5 cm coir gives better mechanical properties in humid conditions compared to others types of unfired bricks.

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