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Jurnal Natural
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 14118513     EISSN : 25414062     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/jn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics
Jurnal Natural (JN) aims to publish original research results and reviews on sciences and mathematics. Jurnal Natural (JN) encompasses a broad range of research topics in chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, informatic and electronic.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 235 Documents
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APPLYING SEM-EDX TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFYING THE TYPES OF MINERAL OF JADES (GIOK) TAKENGON, ACEH Julinawati .; Marlina .; Rosnani Nasution; Sheilatina .
Jurnal Natural Volume 15, Number 2, September 2015
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (183.143 KB)

Abstract

Research on the applying of SEM-EDX techniques for identification of minerals types of Jades (Giok) Takengon Aceh has been done within this study. Based on data of SEM-EDX, it showed that Jades (Giok) Takengon is belonging to a mineral of silicate. The types of minerals of Jades (Giok) Takengon are Grossular (Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 from the Garnet group, which is a mineral of nesosilicate and the other type  is lizardite, (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4, from the group Serpentine , which is a mineral of phyllosilicate. SEM-EDX can be used as a technique to identify the types of minerals and the results obtained fast and accurate.
Connectivity Algorithm in Simple Graphs Reza Wafdan; Mahyus Ihsan; Rahmah Zuhra
Jurnal Natural Volume 14, Number 1, March 2014
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

This paper discusses about connectivity algorithm in simple graphs. The algorithm has three stages, namely, adjacent vertices search, adjacent vertices investigation and component investigation. The aim of connectivity algorithm is to check whether a graph is connected or disconnected with the scope set. There are three sets which are used in this algorithm, namely, vertex, edge and adjacent vertices sets. The simple graph is connected if the graph has only one component or if the number of adjacent vertices elements is equal to the number of vertices. Otherwise, if the simple graph has more than one component or if the number of adjacent vertices elements is not equal to the number of vertices then the algorithm will conclude that the graph is disconnected.
Stevia rebaudiana: Phytochemical, pharmacological activities, and plant tissue culture (a mini-review) FAHRAUK FARAMAYUDA; RENALDI OKTAVIANUS; ELFAHMI ELFAHMI
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 3, October 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1227.235 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v22i3.19477

Abstract

Stevia rebaudiana is very famous as natural sweeteners and potentially for lowering blood sugar. The benefits of Stevia rebaudiana are numerous, and various pharmacological activities have been found, such as efforts to treat diseases such as diabetes, obesity, dental caries, hypoglycemia, and hypertension. The main sweet compounds in Stevia rebaudiana are rebaudioside A and stevioside, especially in the leaves. This review examines aspects of phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, micropropagation, and in-vitro culture modification of Stevia rebaudiana plants. Online and offline literature searches were conducted to compile the articles. PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, is used to retrieve online publications using the following search terms: Stevia rebaudiana, stevia herbs, traditional medicine, pharmacological activities, toxicity, secondary metabolite content, phytochemicals, and plant tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana . This review is also a compilation of four previous reviews and is accompanied by the latest data from research journals on Stevia rebaudiana.
PREPARATION OF CHITOSAN-CELLULOSE COMPOSITE BEADS USING CELLULOSE ISOLATED FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE Rahmi Rahmi; Alfahmizar Alfahmizar; Lelifajri Lelifajri
Jurnal Natural Volume 19 Number 2, June 2019
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (445.479 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v19i2.12734

Abstract

Chitosan-cellulose composite beads had been prepared using cellulose isolated from sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse was hydrolyzed with H2SO4 with various concentrations (30, 40, and 50%). Cellulose obtained was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). FTIR analysis results inform the existence of typical functional groups of cellulose in the sample. XRD patterns show H2SO4 concentration on the hydrolysis process influence the crystallinity of cellulose. Cellulose was used as a filler in the preparation of chitosan-cellulose composite beads. The results show that cellulose decrease the crystallinity of chitosan. 
In-Vitro Effect of Combined Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) and Benzil Amino Purine (BAP) on the Planlet Growth of Jatropa curcas L. M. Satria Fitri; Zairin Thomy; Essy Harnelly
Jurnal Natural Volume 12, Number 1, March 2012
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Research oncombination of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) andBenzil Amino Purine (BAP) to the shoot and root growth of physic nut (JatropacurcasL.) has been done in Biology Department Syiah Kuala Universityfrom June to Oktober 2007. This research used a complete randomized factorial design with 2 factors namely 0,01 mg/L, 0,05 mg/L, 0,1 mg/L, and0,5 mg/L)and BAP (0,5 mg/L and1,0 mg/L) with 3 timesrepeataitions. The result after 3 months showed that the combination IBA and BAP could not able to stimulate the formation of shoot and root in the tissue culture of physic nut.
Hylocereus polyrhizus effect on catalase and malondialdehyde in rats with oxidative stress SRI WAHDANINGSIH; EKA KARTIKA UNTARI
Jurnal Natural Volume 21 Number 3, October 2021
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1156.051 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v21i3.19474

Abstract

The excessive production of free radicals causes oxidative damage and degenerative diseases. Whereas, catalase is a macromolecule with a specific activity, but Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a small molecule with no activity. The peels of red dragon fruit (H. polyrhizus) are potential to be natural exogenous antioxidants. This research aimed to determine the effects of methanol fraction from H. polyrhizus peels on catalase activity and MDA level. The peel was macerated using chloroform and fractionated using methanol. The stress condition was done through five-day fasting and ten-minute swimming per day. The activity of catalase and MDA was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Thirty five rats were divided into 7 groups: normal, negative, dose I (5 mg/200gBW), dose II (10 mg/200gBW), dose III (20 mg/200gBW), positive control (quercetin) (4 mg/200gBW) and vitamin E (17.64 mg/kg). The activity of catalase in the normal, negative, vitamin E, and quercetin, dose I, II, and II respectively were: 28.37; 7.8; 24.85; 34.33; 59.92; 28.18; and 70.85 Unit/mL. The average MDA level in the groups respectively were: 0.042; 0.051; 0.034; 0.042; 0.037; 0.033; 0.030 μg/mL. The result of One Way ANOVA test showed that the catalase activity in dose III was significantly different than normal group; the MDA levels in all groups were significantly different than normal group. This research revealed that methanol fraction from H. polyrhizus peels is a potent antioxidant for its capacity to increase the activity of catalase and reduce the MDA level in rats with oxidative stress.
NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF DIOSCOREA HISPIDA FROM DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AROUND LEUSER ECOSYSTEM AREA Sitti Saleha; Nurdin Saidi; Saiful .; Murniana .; Saida Rasnovi; Teuku M. Iqbalsyah
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 1, February 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (174.348 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i1.8504

Abstract

Proximate analysis of Dioscorea hispida tubers, collected from five locations around Leuser ecosystem in Aceh Province, showed variations amongst samples. Standard AOAC method for proximate analysis of the fresh weight showed that the water content varied between 15.8 - 37.8%, crude protein 1.13 -6.20%, crude lipid 1.99 - 9.36% and ash 0.29 - 1.24%. The total carbohydrate was high, i.e. between 58.3 -71.9%. The main mineral was phosphorus, with a value of 11.7 - 46.9 mg/100g. These variations could be due to soil, climate and weather factors, as well as postharvest handling. Phytochemical tests showed that all of the samples contained alkaloids and terpenoids. One of the samples (LP) also contained phenol and steroid. The high cyanide content in the tubers (379 - 739 ppm) was easily removed by repeated washing. The cyanide level dropped significantly after the 3rd wash. Information on nutritional content in D. hispida is essential for planning its utilization. Increasing the economic value of D. hispida is expected to attract people around the Leuser ecosystem to cultivate and utilize it, thereby reducing illegal forest encroachment.Keywords: Dioscorea hispida, proximate, Leuser, janeng, gadung, starchREFERENCESBarton H 2014 Yams: Origins and Development, Encyclopaedia of Global Archaeology, p 7943-7947, (Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_2193).Obidiegwu J E and Akpabio E M 2017 The Geography of Yam Cultivation in Southern Nigeria: Exploring Its Social Meanings and Cultural Functions J. Ethnic Foods 4 28-35.Chandrasekara A and Kumar T J 2016 Roots and Tuber Crops as Functional Foods: A Review on Phytochemical Constituents and Their Potential Health Benefits Intl. J. Food Sci. 2016 1-15.Kumar S, Das G, Shin H-S and Patra J K 2017 Dioscorea spp. (A Wild Edible Tuber): A Study on Its Ethnopharmacological Potential and Traditional Use by the Local People of Similipal Biosphere Reserve India Front. Pharmacol. 8 52.Lin J Y, Lu S, Liou Y L and Liou H L 2006a Antioxidant and Hypolipidaemic Effects of a Novel Yam–boxthorn Noodle in an In Vivo Murine Model Food Chem. 94 377–384.Lin J Y, Lu S, Liou Y L and Liou H L, 2006b, Increased IgA and IgG Serum Levels Using a Novel Yam–boxthorn Noodle in a BALB/c Mouse Model Food Chem. Toxicol. 44 170–178.Bhandari M R and Kawabata J 2004 Organic Acid, Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal Food Chem. 88 163–168.Lin J T and Yang D J 2008 Determination of Steroidal Saponins in Different Organs of Yam (Dioscorea pseudojaponica Yamamoto) Food Chem. 108 1068–1074.AOAC 1984. Official Methods of Analysis. Washington DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Harborne J B 1984 Phytochemical Method 2nd ed. (London: Chapman and Hall Ltd.)Bhandari M R, Kasai T and Kawabata J 2003 Nutritional Evaluation of Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal Food Chem. 82 619–623.Adepoju O T, Boyejo O and Adeniji P O 2017 Nutrient and Antinutrient Composition of Yellow Yam (Dioscorea cayenensis) Products Data in Brief 11  428–431.Wu Z-G, Jiang W, Nitin M, Bao X-Q, Chen S-L and Tao Z-M 2016 Characterizing Diversity Based on Nutritional and Bioactive Compositions of Yam Germplasm (Dioscorea spp.) Commonly Cultivated in China J. Food Drug Anal. 24 367 – 375.Udensi E A, Osebele H O and Iweala O O 2008 The Investigation of Chemical Composition and Functional Properties of Water Yam (Dioscorea alata): Effect of Varietal Differences Pakistan J. Nutrition 7(2) 342-344.Hornick S B 1992 Factors Affecting the Nutritional Quality of Crops Am. J. Altern. Agric. 7 (Special Issue on Soil Quality) 63-68.Lewicki P P 2004 Water as the Determinant of Food Engineering Properties, A Review J. Food Eng. 61 483–495Yeh A-I, Chan T-Y and Chuang G C-C 2009 Effect of Water Content and Mucilage on Physico-chemical Characteristics of Yam (Discorea alata Purpurea) Starch J. Food Eng. 95 106–114.McPherson E and Jane J 1999 Comparison of Waxy Potato with Other Root And Tuber Starches Carbohydr. Polym. 40 57–70.Freitas R A, Paula R C, Feitosa J P A, Rocha S and Sierakowski M R 2004 Amylose Contents, Rheological Properties and Gelatinization Kinetics of Yam (Dioscorea alata) and cassava (Manihot utilissima) starches Carbohydr. Polym. 55 3–8.Barsby T L, Donald A M, Frazier P J, Donald A M, Perry P A and Waigh T A 2001 The Impact of Internal Granule Structure on Processing and Properties in Starch: Advances in Structure and Function p 45-52 (Royal Society of Chemistry, http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847551917-00045)Tattiyakul J, Naksriarporn T and Pradipasena P 2012 X-ray Diffraction Pattern and Functional Properties of Dioscorea hispida Dennst Starch Hydrothermally Modified at Different Temperatures Food Bioproc. Technol. 5 964–971.Savikin-Fodulovic K, Grubisic D, Culafic L, Menkovic N and Ristic M 1998 Diosgenin and Phytosterols Content in Five Callus Lines of Dioscorea balcanica Plant Sci. 135 63–67.Cushnie T. P. T, Cushnie B and Lamb A J 2014 Alkaloids: An Overview of Their Antibacterial, Antibiotic-enhancing and Antivirulence Activities Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 44 (5) 377-386.Tholl D 2015 Biosynthesis and Biological Functions of Terpenoids in Plants, Biotechnology of Isoprenoids p 63-106 Part of the Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology book series (ABE, volume 148).Nagata K, Aistrup G L, Honda H, Shono T and Narahashi T 1999 Modulation of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by Dioscorine in Clonal Rat Phaeochlomocytoma (PC12) Cells Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 64 (3) 157–165.Bhandari M R and Kawabata J 2005 Bitterness and Toxicity in Wild Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Tubers of Nepal Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 60 129–135, 2005.White W L B , Arias-Garzon D I, McMahon J M and Sayre R 1998 Cyanogenesis in Cassava: The Role of Hydroxynitrile Lyase in Root Cyanide Production Plant Physiol. 116 1219-25.Kumoro A C and Hartati I. 2015 Microwave Assisted Extraction of Dioscorin from Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) Tuber Flour, Procedia Chem. 14 47 – 55.
PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF SYNTHESIS POLYURETHANE MEMBRANE OF NYAMPLUNG SEED OIL (Calophyllum inophyllum) WITH HEXAMETHILENE-1,6-DIISOCYANATE (HMDI) Mutia Farida; Mustanir Yahya; Marlina Marlina
Jurnal Natural Volume 16, Number 2, September 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (62.201 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v16i2.4920

Abstract

Nyamplung oil originated from Ujong Pancu, Aceh Besar is one of the vegetable oil sources which is not fully utilized yet. The extraction of nyamplung oil is done using soxhletation with n-hexane solvent; during this process, the oils produced is at the 55.55% levels. The product is in the form of yellowish green liquid with the density of 0.88gr/ml. The nyamplung oil extract has the iodine number of iod 83.53 mg iod/g and hydroxyl number of  64.292 mg KOH/gram which can be utilized as the raw material in making polyurethane membrane. Polyurethane membrane is synthesized by reacting fatty acids from nyamplung seed oil with hexamethylene-1.6-diisocyanate (HDMI). The ration of the oil towards HDMI is variated as, 5:1;5:3;5:5;5:7;5:9 v/w. The membrane has a composition of  5:7 v/w  with 90-100 oC polymerization temperatures and  160oC curring temperature for 8 hours is hard, homogenous and quite elastic with a transparent brown colour. 
Dimensionality Analysis of Magnetotelluric Data Crossing the Sumatran Fault System at Aceh Segment Khumaidi Khumaidi; Fadhli Fadhli; Nazli Ismail
Jurnal Natural Volume 13, Number 2, September 2013
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Dimensionality of magnetotelluric transfer functions have been analyzed crossing the Sumatran Fault System at Aceh segment. The research was aimed to determine strike direction of the fault system using magnetotelluric transfer function data. We used Phoenix Geophysics MTU-5A equipment in range frequency 5A equipment in range frequency 0.86-320 Hz for data measurement. Collection of data was performed along two profiles with spacing between stations vary from 7 to 80 Km. The first profile started 94.5 Km from Aceh Jaya District and ended at Pidie District. The second profile started 16.5 Km from Aceh Jaya District and ended at Bireuen District.The data were analyzed by using Zhang et al. (1989) method to calculate Swift's skew and strike direction. Based on the calculation, we found that the Swift's skew values were generally less than 0.1, which were usually the overall structure of local and regional and they could be viewed as a 1D or 2D, and the values above 0.1 were considered as 3D effects or noises. Furthermore, the average strike has 0º or 90º angle. The data showed that geoelectrical strikes of both profiles were in agreement with the geological structure of the fault system. In order to get image of the 2D resistivity model of the area, we had inverted the magnetotelluric data showed that geoelctrical strikes of both profiles were in agreement with the geological structure of the fault system. In order to get image of the 2D resistivity model of the area, we had inverted the magnetotelluric data using MT2DinvMatlab (Lee et al., 2009). The model showed clearly position and depth of the fault lines along the profiles. 
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF EDIBLE FERN (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.) EXTRACT AGAINST Culex Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah; Ulil Amna; Puji Wahyuningsih
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (724.838 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i3.11335

Abstract

Mosquito is one of insects spreading the vector of serious diseases to human being through its bite such as Culex which spreads the vector of filariasis and brain inflammatory diseases. Some people have used plants as insecticides traditionally, such as fern (Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.). D. esculentum (Retz.) Sw. popularly known as edible fern which almost all Asian people, especially Indonesian consumed it as vegetable, and some people also used it for medicinal purposes. This study was performed to investigate the secondary metabolites from D. esculentum leaves and its larvicidal activity against Culex. The phytochemical screening was undertaken on the leaves and methanol extract of D. esculentum, the results showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, phenols, and tannins on leaves, while methanol extract exhibited existence of steroids, saponins, phenols and tannins. Investigation of larvicidal activity of methanol extract was carried out against Culex larvaes for various concentrations which observed for 48 hours. Percentage of mortality was analyzed statistically using Bill Test method that showed active larvicidal activity with a LC50 value of 149.279 ppm. This study indicates that fern plant have the potential as larvicidal against Culex and need to perform the further research to develop the new natural insecticides.

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