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Jurnal Agro Estate
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 25800957     EISSN : 26564815     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jae.v7i1
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Agro Estate adalah Jurnal Ilmiah Budidaya Perkebunan yang menyajikan hasil penelitian dan telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi, Mahasisa dalam bidang perkebunan. Topik utama yang diterbitkan mencakup: 1. Aspek Agronomi 2. Tanah dan Konservasi 3. Perlindungan Tanaman 4. Manajemen Tenaga Kerja (SDM) 5. Manajemen Keuangan 6. Aspek Kelestarian
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Agronomi dan Ilmu Tanaman
Articles 41 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
PENGARUH KEMATANGAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT VARIETAS DXP BAH LIAS TERHADAP KADAR MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO) Feny Rahmadhania; Pardamenta Sembiring; Marshal Arifin Sinaga
Agro Estate Vol 3 No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v3i1.56

Abstract

>One of the successes of processing at the Palm Oil Mill (POM) is the quality of the raw material for Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB). The degree of maturity of FFB at harvest is related closely to CPO oil content and free fatty acid content (FFA). One of the varieties grown on oil palm plantations is the DxP Bah Lias variety produced by Bah Lias Research Station (BLRS). The study was conducted in April - June 2017 at the Laboratory of PT. Betami in Kuala Simpang, Aceh Tamiang. FFB samples were obtained from Division I of the Rantau Garden PT. Betami. The study aims to determine the effect of maturity fraction of oil palm FFB on the levels of CPO. The fractions studied were 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 fractions. The results showed that the highest CPO yield was fraction 3, 26.1% and the lowest fraction 0 with a yield of 22%.
KORELASI KADAR UNSUR HARA DAUN KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KADAR MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH Ika Ucha Pradifta Rangkuti; Mardiana Wahyuni
Agro Estate Vol 3 No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v3i1.58

Abstract

Mesocarp or fruit flesh is the main component of the cultivation of oil palm which is extracted to Crude Palm Oil (CPO). The amount of CPO produced from processing in palm oil mills is influenced by the quality of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB). Some factors that influence the quality of FFB are the type of crossing, plant age, maintenance level and fraction of fruit maturity. Adequacy of nutrients N, P, K, and Mg play a role in fruit formation and are expected to increase levels of CPO. In connection with this matter, research on the relationship / nutrient correlation with CPO content is needed. This research was conducted in October 2017 - March 2018 in the field with land suitability classes S1 (Maradja Hill), S2 (Limau Mungkur), S3 (Bah Birung Ulu) and STIPAP LPP Medan Practice Gardens. Processing data with single and multiple linear regression. Leaf samples were analyzed with the Sochlet apparatus in STIPAP Processing Laboratory. In general, the average nutrient content of leaves N, P, K were the normal category and nutrient Mg, Cl were deficiency category. The level of CPO (oil / mesocarp) varies from 31.14% - 59.59%. With single nutrient regression N, P, K, Cl has a positive correlation with CPO levels while Mg is negatively correlated. Multiple regression analysis of nutrient N, P, K, Mg and Cl has significant effect on O / N with a correlation coefficient of 0.744.
PRODUKSI TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) PADA WAKTU PENGUMPULAN LATEKS YANG BERBEDA Mochlisin Andriyanto; Andi Wijaya; Junaidi; Arief Rachmawan
Agro Estate Vol 3 No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v3i1.61

Abstract

Latex is a colloidal suspended of rubber particle in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). Technically, the capacity of rubber productivity can be determined by latex collectionperiod after being tapped. The objective of research was to obtain the differences of latex collection period. The study was conducted in September-November 2017 at the Sungei Putih Research Center in Experimental Estate with PB 260 (7 years tapped) on BO-2 (S/2 d3.ET2.5% Ga1.0 6/y(m)).The experimental designused a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments of latex collection periodi.e 20, 40, 60, 80 minutes after being tapped with three replicates respectively. The parameters observed was gram/tree/tapping (g/p/s), kg/ha/years, latex flow rate (ml/minutes) and total solid content (%).The results showed that latex collection period was significantly different to g/p/s, kg/ha/years and latex flow rate. Total solid content (TSC) was not significantlydifferent in all treatments. The latex collection period of 20 minutes after being tapped had higher productivity than 40, 60, 80 minutes.
EFEKTIFITAS PUPUK DALAM BEBERAPA UKURAN SACHET TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Alia Rahma; Mardiana Wahyuni; Saroha Manurung
Agro Estate Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v3i2.62

Abstract

The productivity of oil palm plants is influenced by genetic factor planting materials, soil, climate, cultivation and plant maintenance. Nursery is the first step to prepare the prime plant material. In the implementation of the nursery, fertilization is one important maintenance factor and should be done with reference to 4T (Exactly Types, Dosage, Time and Method). Loss of fertilizer is an important thing to be controlled. This research is a conservation action by packing fertilizer in sachet bag and conservation treatment. The research was conducted in January 2019 – July 2019 at STIPAP. The study used a non factorial randomized block design with S one sowing system, S two, S three, and S four sachet systems of different sizes using conservation. The best treatment is the application of gauze sachet system (S four = 638 mesh) with conservation increasing the growth of seedling height (91,36 cm), stem diameter (50,80 mm), increasing chlorophyll (55,62 cci), increasing root wet weight 99,73 (44%) and canopy dry weight 55,10 (44%).
PENGGUNAAN SENYAWA OSMOLIT DAN ALKALIN PADA PENYADAPAN TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) Mochlisin Andriyanto; Miftahul Huda Fendiyanto
Agro Estate Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v3i2.66

Abstract

Stimulants are one of the common ways to increase yield in rubber plants. Recent, the stimulant that is widely used in rubber tapping is ethephon. Ethephon material can prolong the flow of latex so that yield increases. The combination of osmolyte and alkaline compounds is expected to be an alternative stimulant. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the use of osmolytes and alkaline in rubber plants. This research was conducted at the Experimental Design of the Sungei Putih Estate Research, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra in May-September 2016 with PB 260 clones planting year 2010 with a tapping system S/2 D3 Ga1.0 6 / y (m) in panel B0-2. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 28 combinations of treatments. The observation parameters in this study were yield (g/p/s), girth (cm) before treatment application and yield (g/p/s) and yield (kg/ha/year) after treatment application. The observations showed that the addition of stimulants with osmolyte and alkaline compounds had a significant effect yield on rubber (g/p/s) in the first tapping slices. The 5% osmolyte and 10% alkaline compounds have yield rubber which is comparable to the application of stimulants made from ethephon in the first tapping slices. Application of 5% osmolyte and 10% alkaline compounds can be used as an alternative stimulant in rubber plants.
PENGARUH VARIASI KERAPATAN SPORA Beauveria bassiana DAN KONSENTRASI LCPKS TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Oryctes rhinoceros Nurari Yani; Muhammad Arif Fadhillah; Julaili Irni
Agro Estate Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v3i2.67

Abstract

Oryctes rhinoceros beetle is one of the pests that attacksimmature oil palm plants.This pest attacks oil palm plants in larvae or imago phase. This pest is usually damaging the respiratory roots, trunk bark, dry petiole,or periphery crown of oil palm leaves which can interferes the leaf growth and finally reduce the production even collapse the tree. Chemically pest control have the positive impact with faster pest death beside the negative impacts such as resistance, resurgence, disturbing human health and also environmental and ecosystem pollution. Biological control is one alternative pest control that is safe for the environment and can reduce chemical residues in agricultural products and environment. This study was conducted in Medan Denai district on July – Agustus 2019. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of Beauveria bassiana and palm oil mill effluent to control Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. The method used in this study is a two factorial randomized block design (RBD), with 2 replications. The results of this study showed that the best density of Beauveria bassiana spores in controlling Oryctes rhinoceros larvae was 109 spores / ml and 50ml LCPKS (I2Q2) with death time of 40 hours, daily mortality 60%, total mortality 100%
ISOLASI DAN UJI ANTAGONIS BAKTERI ASAL TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN PADA AREAL TANAMAN KARET TERHADAP PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH (R. microporus) Priyo Adi Nugroho Nughoro; Cici Indriani Dalimunthe
Agro Estate Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v4i2.71

Abstract

Uji antagonis terhadap jamur R. microporus telah dilakukan pada delapan isolat bakteri di laboratorium proteksi Balai Penelitian Sungei Putih. Isolat-isolat tersebut diisolasi dari permukaan TKKS yang diaplikasikan pada areal perkebunan karet. Media nutrient agar (NA) digunakan dalam isolasi dan pemurnian bakteri. Uji antagonis dilakukan secara in vitro dengan metode Dual Culture dan diamati pada 2,4,6, dan 8 hari setelah inokulasi (HSI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa delapan isolat bakteri memiliki karakter morfologi (warna, bentuk, tepian dan elevasi) serta kemampuan penghambatan jamur R. microporus yang berbeda. Penghambatan oleh bakteri mulai terlihat pada 2 HSI terutama pada isolat B2, B3, B4, dan B7. Persentase penghambatan masing-masing isolate tersebut adalah 30%, 60%, 65% dan 69%. Hingga 8 HSI, isolat B2, B3, B4, B6, B7 dan B8 mampu menghambat perkembangan jamur R. microporus ≥ 80%. Isolat B3 dan B4 memiliki kemampuan antagonisme yang paling baik dengan persentase penghambatan ≥ 95%. Sedangkan isolat B1 dan B5 hanya dapat menghambat perkembangan jamur R. microporus ≤ 50%. Eksistensi bakteri-bakteri antagonis inilah yang kemungkinan besar menyebabkan TKKS tidak menjadi inang penyakit jamur akar putih (R. microporus) ketika diaplikasikan di lapangan. The antagonistic assay of eight isolates of bacteria against R. microporus fungi has been conducted in the Plant Protection Laboratory of Sungei Putih Research Centre. The isolates of bacteria were isolated by the surface of oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) applied in the rubber field. Nutrient agar (NA) was employed in the isolation and purification of bacteria. The antagonistic assay was carried out in vitro using the dual culture method. The observation was performed on 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after incubation (HSI). The result indicated that the eight isolates have varied morphological characters (including color, shape, edge, and elevation) and their inhibition ability of R. microporus fungi as well. The initial inhibition by the isolates of bacteria was started since 2 HSI particularly in the isolates B2, B3, B4, and B7. The inhibition percentage of those isolates were 30%, 60%, 65% dan 69% respectively. Until 8 HSI, the isolates B2, B3, B4, B6, B7 and B8 were still inhibiting the growth of R. microporus fungi > 80%. The isolates B3 and B4 showed the best performance in the inhibition of fungi with inhibition percentage > 95%. Whereas, the ability of inhibition of the isolate B1and B5 were very low as < 50%. The existence of such antagonistic bacteria perhaps led to TKKS was not role as the host of white root disease while applied in the rubber field.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMPOS KULIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DAN KOMPOS KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa acuminata L.) TERHADAP PERBAIKAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA PEMBIBITAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Di MAIN NURSERY Rina Maharany; Megawati Siahaan; Muhammad Syawaluddin Hasibuan
Agro Estate Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v4i2.72

Abstract

Seiring dengan kenaikan produksi CPO (Crude Palm Oil) setiap tahunnya, maka menyebabkan peningkatan luas areal kebun kelapa sawit. Di Indonesia luas lahan marginal masih sangat banyak. Kompos kulit kakao dan kulit pisang kepok merupakan sumber bahan organik yang dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan tanaman. Oleh karena itu diperlukan perbaikan tanah dipembibitan kelapa sawit dengan meningkatan ketersediaan unsur hara dan sifat kimia tanah, melalui pemberian atau penambahan pupuk organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompos kulit kakao, kompos kulit pisang serta interaksi perlakuan antara kompos kulit pisang dan kulit kakao terhadap perbaikan sifat fisik, dan kimia tanah di pembibitan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di areal pembibitan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pertanian Agrobisnis Perkebunan Medan mulai bulan Januari - Agustus 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompos kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter kadar air dengan nilai terbaik adalah 24,77 yang terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (450 g/tanaman). Dan parameter kemasaman tanah (pH) dengan nilai terbaik adalah 5,68 yang terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (450 g/tanaman). Kompos kulit kakao menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter kadar air dengan nilai terbaik adalah 24,35 % yang terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (600 g/tanaman). Dan parameter kemasaman tanah (pH) dengan nilai terbaik adalah 5,75 yang terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (600 g/tanaman). Interaksi antara perlakuan kompos kulit kakao dan kompos kulit pisang juga menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter N-total dengan nilai terbaik adalah 0,13 yang terdapat pada perlakuan K1P2 (400 g kompos kulit kakao dan 350 g kompos kulit pisang).
RESPON PETANI KARET THAILAND, INDONESIA, INDIA, DAN LAOS MENGHADAPI RENDAHNYA HARGA KARET Iif Rahmat Fauzi; Lindawati Lindawati
Agro Estate Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v5i1.76

Abstract

Thailand is the largest natural rubber producer country in the world. In several years ago, the natural rubber price shows a negative trend. This condition make a rubber smallholder face difficulties in life. This paper aims to study efforts made by rubber smallholder to face low rubber prices. Methods in this paper used descriptive analysis with literature studies of the efforts undertaken by rubber smallholder in several rubber producer countries, especially in Thailand, Indonesia, India and Laos to face low rubber price. This study show that the alternative effort undertaken by rubber smallholder to face low rubber price generally was 1) management of cost production by reduced fertilizer and others factor production which no disturbed rubber income in short term condition; 2) develop other crops by intercropping technique on rubber side line; 3) looking for side jobs such as construction laborers, public transportation drivers, opening stalls and catching fish; 4) use of loans to maintain the standard of household living; 5) implement a joint marketing system to obtain a better rubber price; 6) selling or renting old and unproductive rubber land; and 7) renew/replanting rubber plantation.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BIOCHAR BIOMASSA KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS MIKROORGANISME PADA TANAH ULTISOL Benny Hidayat; Nurul Annisa Lubis; T. Sabrina
Agro Estate Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v5i1.77

Abstract

Biologi tanah merupakan sifat yang mencerminkan kehidupan di dalam tanah sebagai salah satu indikator kesuburan tanah yag real, yangmerupakan interprestasi dari sifat kimia dan biologi tanah. Kehidupan di dalam tanah sangat di pengaruhi dengan status karbon dalam tanah, dan biochar merupakan bentuk karbon organic yang menjadi simpanan karbon pada masa yang lama. Kelapa sawit memiliki biomassa yang sangat banyak dan belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal, sehingga pemanfaatan biomassa kelapa sawit sebagai sumber karbon dalam bentuk biochar masih banyak yg belum diketahui. Sehingga tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengali potensi biomassa kelapa sawit sebagai biochar untuk kehidupan di dalam tanah, karena akan berpotensi menjaga kestabilan kesuburan tanah untuk masa yg lama.

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