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Heca Journal of Applied Sciences
Published by PT. Heca Sentra Analitika
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29879663     DOI : https://doi.org/10.60084/hjas
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences is a premier international scientific journal that publishes high quality original research articles, review articles, and case reports in the field of applied sciences. The journal mission is to encourage interdisciplinary research, promote knowledge sharing, and advance the development and application of innovative strategies. Heca Journal of Applied Scien is committed to excellence, relevance, and impact and provides a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and academics worldwide. Topics of this journal includes, but not limited to: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Pharmacy, Informatics, Statistics, Marine Sciences, Fisheries Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Medical Sciences, Nursing Sciences, Dentistry, Disaster Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Materials Science, Earth Sciences, Enviromental Sciences, Engineering, and Interdisciplinary research in the field of applied sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Palm Frond Waste as a Carbon Source in the Synthesis of CaO/Biochar Catalysts for the Biodiesel Production Process Zuchra Helwani; Said Zul Amraini; Jecky Asmura; Thasya Nurfadillah Siregar; Vanny Efia Triwahyuni; Ammar Ali Abd
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i1.9

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize and determine the characterization of activated CaO/Biochar and identify the effect of the mass ratio of CaO/Biochar and KOH concentration on the activity of CaO/Biochar catalysts for the synthesis of CPO-based biodiesel. CaO was obtained from eggshell waste. Biochar is obtained from palm fronds through a torrefaction process. CaO/Biochar catalyst was synthesized by impregnation process using KOH solution. The biodiesel transesterification process using CaO/Biochar catalysts. XRD analysis results obtained CaO and Ca(OH)2 compounds in the catalyst, and the basicity value of the catalyst was >9.3. The best catalytic activity of the CaO/biochar catalyst was obtained at a mass ratio of 12:10 and a concentration of 20% KOH catalyst, with a biodiesel yield of 75.1%.
Optimization of Starch—κ-Carrageenan Hybrid Film as Drug Delivery System using Response Surface Method Khairun Nisah; Afrilia Fahrina; Diva Rayyan Rizki; Kana Puspita
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i1.10

Abstract

Development of drug delivery systems (DDS) has been widely carried out using safe biopolymers – starch and κ-carrageenan. However, for optimal use, the foregoing polymers still suffers from mechanical weakness. Combining both polymers could enhance the properties of each of the polymer. This research aimed of improving the applicability of starch and κ-carrageenan as DDS by means of polyelectrolyte complexation to form a polymer film. The composition ratio of starch:κ-carrageenan was optimized using response surface method (RSM) on Design Expert 11.0 based on water swelling, tensile strength, and disintegration time of the film. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry was performed on the prepared starch—κ-carrageenan film and suggested the successful film preparation. The bulk characteristics of the film are dependent on the starch or κ-carrageenan composition ratio, where starch has been associated with higher thickness, while κ-carrageenan — rigidity. From the RSM, the optimized composition was revealed to be 2.95 and 2.84 g for starch and κ-carrageenan, respectively, in a 60 mL aqueous solvent. The predicted optimum properties of the film were 160.21%, 3.26 MPa, and 17.47 min for swelling degree, tensile strength, and disintegration time, respectively. Taken altogether, the characteristics of starch or κ-carrageenan individually could be modified by polymeric combination, where they could be optimized by means of RSM.
QSAR Classification of Beta-Secretase 1 Inhibitor Activity in Alzheimer's Disease Using Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Aga Maulana; Talha Bin Emran; Ghazi Mauer Idroes; Rinaldi Idroes
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i1.12

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of a machine learning ensemble approach for the classification of Beta-Secretase 1 (BACE1) inhibitors in Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis. BACE1 is an enzyme linked to the production of amyloid beta peptide, a significant component of Alzheimer's disease plaques. The discovery of effective BACE1 inhibitors is difficult, but QSAR modeling offers a cost-effective alternative by predicting the activity of compounds based on their chemical structures. This study evaluates the performance of four machine learning models (Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, and Extra Trees) in predicting BACE1 inhibitor activity. Random Forest achieved the highest performance, with a training accuracy of 98.65% and a testing accuracy of 82.53%. In addition, it exhibited superior precision, recall, and F1-score. Random Forest's superior performance was a result of its ability to capture a wide variety of patterns and its randomized ensemble approach. Overall, this study demonstrates the efficacy of ensemble machine learning models, specifically Random Forest, in predicting the activity of BACE1 inhibitors. The findings contribute to ongoing efforts in Alzheimer's disease drug discovery research by providing a cost-effective and efficient strategy for screening and prioritizing potential BACE1 inhibitors.
The Complexity of Handling Posterior Subcapsular Cataract Case Eva Imelda; Siti Rain Jannah; Sarra Mutiara Adev; Navneet Shamsundar Toshniwal
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i1.13

Abstract

Cataracts or “katarrhakies” in Greek means waterfall. This term is used because the vision in cataract patients is described as a closed waterfall due to the clouding of the lens. PSCs (posterior subcapsular cataracts) might cause symptoms within months. and can cause worse visual disturbances compared to other types of senile cataracts. A 63-year-old man came to the Department of Ophthalmology at RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin with a chief complaint of blurry vision in both eyes since two years ago and felt more severe in the left eye. The patient also complained of difficulty seeing an object and reading at close range. On physical examination, a cloudy lens was found in the central posterior part of his both eyes the iris shadow test of both eyes was positive. The patient was diagnosed with posterior subcapsular cataract oculus dexter and sinister (ODS). The patient was planned to undergo phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in his left eye. The patient came back in the next couple weeks after surgery and it shows that his left eye visual acuity was 20/20 and the ocular anatomy was in good condition. Nowadays, phacoemulsification is still the first choice in PSC therapy. This type of cataract is difficult to treat because the cataract is still thin and the lens is mostly transparent, but it often causes glare and vision impairment which can interfere with daily activities.
Reduction of Microbial Content (Escherichia coli) in Well Water Using Various Processes: Microfiltration Membranes, Aeration and Bentonite Adsorption Andi Lala; Marlina Marlina; Muhammad Yusuf; Rivansyah Suhendra; Nur Balqis Maulydia; Muslem Muslem
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i1.17

Abstract

Water is a basic need for living things. This research aims to know the reduction of microbe content (Escherichia coli) in well water by using microfiltration membrane, adsorption using bentonite and aeration. The capability of those three methods in reducing E. coli was examined on the variety of time contact: 30, 60, 90, 120,180 and 300 minutes. The result of the research shows that using those methods has shown that the optimum percentage of E. coli reduction by using microfiltration membrane with 23 Most Probable Number (MPN)/100 mL of E. coli initial concentration in well water and became 0 MPN/100 mL by 100 % of E. coli reduction. Adsorption using bentonite resulted in a 78% reduction in E. coli and reduction by using aeration, the reduction of E. coli by 21%. This study shows that microfiltration has the best ability compared to other methods.
Characterizing the Size Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles Biofabricated Using Calotropis gigantea from Geothermal Zone Pati Kemala; Khairan Khairan; Muliadi Ramli; Ghazi Mauer Idroes; Erisna Mirda; Diana Setya Ningsih; Trina Ekawati Tallei; Rinaldi Idroes
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.21

Abstract

This research aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of Calotropis gigantea obtained from the geothermal manifestation Ie Seu-Um, Aceh Besar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The C. gigantea leaf extract was mixed with AgNO3 solutions at concentrations of 2, 5, and 9 mM, respectively. The mixture was stirred at 80 rpm by a magnetic stirrer for 48 hours in the dark. The change in solution color indicated the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0. The resulting AgNPs synthesized using C. gigantea leaf extract (AgNPs-LCg) exhibited cloudy grey, reddish dark brown, and light brown colors when synthesized with AgNO3 concentrations of 2, 5, and 9 mM, respectively. The particle sizes of AgNPs-LCg had maximum frequencies at 246.98 nm (synthesized using AgNO3 2 mM), 93.02 nm (synthesized using AgNO3 5 mM), and 171.25 nm (synthesized using AgNO3 9 mM). The zeta potential values of AgNPs-LCg using 2, 5, and 9 mM AgNO3 were -41.9, -40.1, and -31.4 mV, respectively. Based on the solution color, nanoparticle size, and stability value of AgNPs, it can be concluded that the use of AgNO3 at 5 mM is optimal for the green synthesis process of AgNPs-LCg.
A Review on Mitochondrial Genome of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Beivy Jonathan Kolondam; Trina Ekawati Tallei; Roni Koneri; Abdul Hawil Abas; Juliet Merry Eva Mamahit
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.74

Abstract

Ants, which are members of the Formicidae family, have been the subject of considerable scientific scrutiny due to their remarkable diversity and ecological importance. Extensive research endeavors have been directed towards understanding the complex behaviors and ecological responsibilities exhibited by these organisms. The advent of cutting-edge sequencing technology in recent times has sparked a significant breakthrough in the deciphering of mitochondrial genomes in many animals, including ants. The objective of this review paper is to provide an informative summary of the mitochondrial DNA of ants. Exploring the intricate structural aspects, we investigate the genetic diversity that exists in the mitochondrial genomes of ants. The investigation of evolutionary processes provides insight into the complex alterations that have shaped genomes throughout time. The broader ramifications of these genetic differences for the fields of ant biology and conservation are thoroughly considered. An examination is conducted on the structural characteristics, genetic variations, and evolutionary features of ant mitochondrial genomes, along with an investigation into their physiological impacts. As the molecular complexities of ant mitochondrial genomes are revealed, there is an opportunity to further explore their realm, leading to a more comprehensive comprehension of these extraordinary organisms.
Evaluation of Gradient Boosted Classifier in Atopic Dermatitis Severity Score Classification Rivansyah Suhendra; Suryadi Suryadi; Noviana Husdayanti; Aga Maulana; Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Novi Reandy Sasmita; Muhammad Subianto; Nanda Earlia; Nurdjannah Jane Niode; Rinaldi Idroes
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.85

Abstract

This study investigates the application of the Gradient Boosting machine learning technique to enhance the classification of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) skin disease images, reducing the potential for manual classification errors. AD, also known as eczema, is a common and chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by pruritus (itching), erythema (redness), and often lichenification (thickening of the skin). AD affects individuals of all ages and significantly impacts their quality of life. Accurate and efficient diagnostic tools are crucial for the timely management of AD. To address this need, our research encompasses a multi-step approach involving data preprocessing, feature extraction using various color spaces and evaluating classification outcomes through Gradient Boosting. The results demonstrate an accuracy of 93.14%. This study contributes to the field of dermatology by providing a robust and reliable tool to support dermatologists in identifying AD skin disease, facilitating timely intervention and improved patient care.
Chemometric Classification Model for Assessing Chemical Composition Alterations in Patchouli Oil Post Zeolite Adsorption Elly Sufriadi; Hesti Meilina; Agus Munawar; Abdelrahman O. Ezzat; Rinaldi Idroes
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.86

Abstract

Various studies and applied processing by businesses have been done to improve the quality of Patchouli oil (PO), such as improving appearance, reducing heavy metal content, reducing acid numbers, and increasing the ratio of Patchouli alcohol (one of the active components of PO). However, this disregards the possibility of chemical composition change which will alter the original character of the PO. This study aims to identify the slightest shift in chemical composition from adding zeolite adsorbent into the PO. The classification model was built using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra combined with chemometrics. The used FT-IR spectra for observation are 4000-500 cm-1 using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The PO samples were from five points in Gayo Lues Regency, Province of Aceh, Indonesia, with PO added with zeolite at a ratio of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% (w/v) respectively. The classification model used in this study was able to classify between PO and PO added with zeolite at each level of the ratio. Prediction with deviation and Inlier vs. Hotelling’s T2 tests provide definitive information, with the results shown by the confusion matrix.
A Comparative Study of Total Tannin Contents and Antimicrobial Activities in Methanol Extracts of Rhizophoraceae Species Indriaty Indriaty; Binawati Ginting; Kartini Hasballah; Djufri Djufri
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.89

Abstract

Rhizophoraceae is a large true mangrove family that produces mangrove tannins. Tannins have the potential to be used as antimutagenic, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents in the pharmaceutical and medical fields. The aim of the research was to determine the total tannin content, antimicrobial activity, and the correlation between the two in methanol extracts of four plant parts (roots, bark, leaves, and fruit/hypocotyl) from five Rhizophoraceae species, namely Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, and Rhizophora mucronata originating from the Langsa mangrove forest, Aceh, Indonesia. Folin Ciocalteu colorimetric method and tannic acid as a standard were used for the total tannin content (TTC) test. The disc diffusion method was used to conduct antimicrobial tests against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans bacteria at a 50% extract concentration. TTC content in Rhizophoraceae ranged from 8.17 ± 1.36 mg TAE/g to 813.35 ± 18.72 mg TAE/g (p < 0.05). The highest levels were found in C. decandra roots (813.35 ±18.72 mg TAE/g), C. decandra bark (704.36 ± 12.11 mg TAE/g), and R. apiculata bark (651.23 ± 2.36 mg TAE/g). The extract has moderate to strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, with an inhibition zone range of 6.64 ± 0.80 mm -15.02 ± 0.32 mm. The highest antibacterial activity was observed in the inhibition zones for S. aureus bacteria, with C. decandra fruit extract (15.02 ± 0.32 mm), R. apiculata bark (14.78 ± 0.90 mm), and C. decandra leaves (14.44 ± 1.18 mm) exhibiting the highest levels. TTC and antibacterial activity of S. aureus in Rhizophoraceae extracts showed a moderate correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.566, p < 0.05). According to the results, it was concluded that Rhizophoraceae has the potential to produce optimal tannins that can be used as antibacterial agents against S. aureus.

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