Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
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<![CDATA[Readiness to the Coming 2016 ASEAN Economic Community ]]>
<![CDATA[Tjahjono D. Gondhowiardjo]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.37
<![CDATA[Diagnosis and Management of Devic’s Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Desrina Desrina]]>;
<![CDATA[Syntia Nusanti]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Sidik]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.38
<![CDATA[Background: To report diagnosis and management of Devic’s Disease with good visual outcome.Case Illustration: A 51 years-old male came with sudden blurred vision of his right eye since 3 days.The patient also complained of lower limbs weakness, urinary retention, and defecation disorder.Ophthalmology examination revealed visual acuity of no light perception in the right eye and 6/12 inthe left eye. Light reflex of both eyes decreased. Funduscopy examination of the right eye showed anindistinct edge and hyperemic optic nerve head, cup-disc ratio was hard to be evaluated, artery/vein ratioof 2/3, macular reflex was positive and the retina was good. Funduscopy of the left eye was within normallimit. No pathological finding in brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Thoracolumbal MRI supportlongitudinal transverse myelitis. The patient was diagnosed as Devic’s Disease and treated initiallywithintravenous methylprednisolone 1 g/day for five days followed by methyl prednisolone orally.Conclusion: Early diagnosis of Devic’s Disease is important because immediate therapeutic interventionis required to get excellent result, prevent relapse and further disability.]]>
<![CDATA[Management of Sturge Weber Syndrome ]]>
<![CDATA[Irawati Irfani]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Hardwiyani]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.39
<![CDATA[Background: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous syndrome, characterized by theassociation of facial port-wine hemangiomas in the trigeminal nerve distribution area, with vascularmalformation(s) of the brain (leptomeningeal angioma) with or without glaucoma. It reports a 3 monthold baby girl presented to Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit Cicendo Eye Hospital with Sturge Weber Syndrome.Case Illustration: A 3 month old baby girl presented to Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit Cicendo EyeHospital as a referral from Pediatric Department. Here in, the patient presented with port wine stain,cerebral lesion according to MRI. Her intraocular pressure on first examination was 29.33 mmHg on herright eye and 18.33 mmHg, then she was underwent examination under anesthesia and trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy procedure on December11th 2014. There was a complication of choroidal detachment aftersurgery,and the patient received oral corticosteroid to overcome the problem.On the last visit,this patient presented with controlled intraocular pressureand minimal abnormality in the retina.Conclusion:Treatment for Sturge Weber Syndrome usually symptomatic. Treatment of choice for glaucoma due to Sturge Weber Syndrome is surgical intervention rather than medical therapy.Keywords: Sturge-Weber syndrome, glaucoma]]>
<![CDATA[A Challenge in Diagnosing Aqueous Misdirection Glaucoma after Keratoplasty ]]>
<![CDATA[Yunita Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Virna Dwi Oktariana]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.40
<![CDATA[Background: The purpose of this case presentation is to report the difficulty of diagnosis and managementof an aqueous misdirection of glaucoma after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).Case Illustration: A 35-year-old male presented to the Glaucoma Division of Cipto MangunkusumoHospital with complain of painfull, redness on the left eye (LE), vomiting, headache. He was reffered fromInfection and Immunology Division with diagnosis of secondary glaucoma after keratoplasty due to cornealulcer and had been treated with glycerin, oral acetazolamide, timolol 0.5% eye drop (ED). The examinationshowed visual acuity of LE at presentation was 1/300 good projection and the intraocular pressure (IOP)was 48 mmHg. Slit lamp examination showed opaque corneal graft, shallow or flat central and peripheralanterior chamber. Iris, pupil, lens and funduscopy were hard to be evaluated. The patient assessed withaqueous misdirection of glaucoma after keratoplasty. Sclerotomy and anterior chamber reformation wasthen performed. One day after surgery, the examination revealed deep anterior chamber and decreased IOPto 24 mmHg, patient received no improvement on visual acuity.Conclusion: The goal addressed in management of aqueous misdirection of glaucoma after keratoplasty arereducing the IOP and preserving optimal graft clarity. However, until recently, there is no consensus aboutthe management of aqueous misdirection of glaucoma after keratoplasty. Scleromotomy with reformation ofan anterior chamber is the alternative treatment when medical therapy fail to control the IOP.]]>
<![CDATA[Clinical Outcomes of Laser Peripheral Iridotomy in Eyes with Primary Angle Closure Suspect and Primary Angle Closure ]]>
<![CDATA[Faresa Hilda]]>;
<![CDATA[Astrianda Suryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Widya Artini]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.41
<![CDATA[Background: Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a leading cause of bilateral blindness worldwide. Laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) has been proposed as the standard prophylactic option for patients with the risk of developing the spectrum of disease, from primary angle closure suspect (PACS) toprimary angle closure (PAC) then to PACG. We aim to evaluate the effect of LPI on intraocular pressure(IOP), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle width, as prophylactic management in PACS and PAC.Methods: Literature search was conducted from MEDLINE database using Pubmed search engine.Inclusion criteria were all studies (interventional and observational) that reported outcomes of LPI onPACS and/or PAC eyes. Exclusion criteria were outcomes of LPI on PACG eyes.Results: There were 8 studies included in this literature review; 4 studies evaluated patients with PACS,1 study evaluated patients with PAC, while 3 studies had compared between PACS and PAC. FollowingLPI, majority of the studies showed a decrease of IOP when compared to baseline. While, 5 studiesevaluated changes of central ACD and majority of those studies indicated deepening of ACD. Fourstudies had assessed the angle width changes after LPI that revealed advancement of angle width.Conclusion: The results of this literature review showed that LPI in PACS and PAC eyes showed decrease of IOP within a specified period, the deepening of central ACD and increase of angle width.Keywords: Primary angle closure suspect, primary angle closure, laser peripheral iridotomy]]>
<![CDATA[Outdoors Activity as A Protective Factor of Myopia Incidence in Children ]]>
<![CDATA[Widya Anandita]]>;
<![CDATA[Julie D. Barliana]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.42
<![CDATA[Background: Outdoors activities emerge as one of protective factors in myopia incidence and progression. The aim of this literature review is to evaluate the effect of outdoor activity on preventionof myopia incidence in children age 0 to 18 years old.Methods: The literature search was conducted from MEDLINE database using Pubmed for journalarticles that were published and related to the association between outdoor activity and incidence ofmyopia, guided by MOOSE checklist. Random effect meta-analysis is done on 1 hour/week outdooractivity and incidence of myopia.Results: Thirteen studies were reviewed, 8 of which are cross-sectional studies and 5 of which arecohort studies. Random effect meta-analysis showed OR of 0.9 (CI 95% 0.59-1.55).Conclusion: Outdoor activity as protective factor in preventing incidence of myopia is still inconclusive.However, throughout most articles reviewed in this literature, there is a trend towards its protectiveeffect in preventing myopia incidence.]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship between Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer with Visual Field Defect in Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ]]>
<![CDATA[Alfurqon Alfurqon]]>;
<![CDATA[Ramzi Amin]]>;
<![CDATA[AK Ansyori]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.43
<![CDATA[Background: In the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, neuronal abnormalities include changes in ganglion cell death. Neuronal apoptosis is suspected as one of the causes responsible for the occurrence of lesions at an early stage of diabetic retinopathy, which results in a decrease in number of ganglion cells and thinning of the layer of ganglion cells, which can be caused by several mechanisms including glutamat excitoxicitate, oxidatice stress, hyperglichemia, and neuroinflamation. Retinal ganglion cell death and axonal degeneration, will cause thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) which may result in a decrease in neural function, which in turn have an impact on the occurrence of visual field defects. This study is to determine the relationship between the thickness of RNFL with visual field defects in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Methods: This study is a comparative analytic cross-sectional design with sample of 66 eyes of 34 people in clinic of retina subdivision of Moh. Hoesin Hospital Palembang from July to November 2013. Patients of NPDR examined fundus photo, Oculo Coherence Tomograph and Humphrey Field analyzer. Results: RNFL thickness average in this study is 104.4±10.9 μm. Visual field defect occur ini moderate and severe NPDR. Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between RNFL thickness with visual field defects in patients NPDR (r =-0.693). Keywords: RNFL thickness, visual field defect, NPDR  ]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) Thickness between the Normal and Glaucoma Eyes with the Same Vertical Cup Disc Ratio (CDR) using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) ]]>
<![CDATA[Ni Gusti Ari Ayu Raiasih]]>;
<![CDATA[Elvioza Elvioza]]>;
<![CDATA[Virna Dwi Oktariana]]>;
<![CDATA[Joedo Prihartono]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.44
<![CDATA[Background: Glaucoma is a disease that belongs to a group of neurodegenerative diseases, such as impaired visual field and optic neuropathy with progressive damage to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) which is caused by the loss of ganglion cells and axon of the optic. Changes in the optic nerve and RNFL may occur prior to the abnormalities of the visual field nerves. Currently, the visual field examination should be performed to diagnose glaucoma but with patient-subjective result. Before it is detectable, visual field abnormalities are likely going to lose its ganglion cells by 40%. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) between the normal and glaucoma eyes with vertical cup disc ratio (CDR) 0.4 to 0.7 in eye clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Kirana. Methods: A total of 40 eyes of normal group and 34 eyes of glaucoma following Humphrey field analyzer examination and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) were evaluated. Peripapillary RNFL thickness between normal and glaucoma eyes were analyzed and compared each other. Eyes of glaucoma group then were grouped into early-stage glaucoma, according to the criteria in the initial stages of the examination results of Humphrey field analyzer. Result of peripapillary RNFL thickness was analyzed to get a cut off value. Results: Peripapillary RNFL thickness in the normal group with vertical CDR 0.4 to 0.7 was 111.3±9.8 μm to 118.0±3.0 μm, and glaucoma groups with vertical CDR 0.4 to 0.7 was 105.6±12.6 μm to 113.7±6.1 μm. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal group compared to glaucoma group in the superior quadrant, inferior, nasal, temporal and average on CDR 0.4 to 0.7 was not statistically significant (p>0.05), except on vertical CDR 0.6 average peripapillary RNFL (p<0.05). Cut off value of peripapillary RNFL in superior quadrant was 164 μm, inferior 169.5 μm, nasal 82.5 μm, temporal 73.5 μm and average 111.8 μm. Conclusion: There was no difference in changes of peripapillary RNFL along with the progression of vertical CDR but clinically, peripapillary RFNL thickness in glaucoma group is thinner than that of normal group with the same vertical CDR except in temporal quadrant. Keywords: Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), cup disc ratio (CDR), optical coherence tomography (OCT)]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Prophylactic Nepafenac 0.1% Eye Drops on Macular Changes after Phacoemulsification in Non- Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Patients Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) ]]>
<![CDATA[Soefiandi Soedarman]]>;
<![CDATA[Ari Djatikusumo]]>;
<![CDATA[Syska Widyawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Arini Setiawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.45
<![CDATA[Background: To evaluate the effect of prophylactic nepafenac eye drops on macular thickness changes after phacoemulsification surgery in mild to moderate NPDR patients. Method: This study is an open label randomized clinical trial. Thirty-six subjects who met the inclusion criteria underwent phacoemulsification. One group (18 subjects) were given nepafenac 0.1% eye drops and the rest were given placebo. Foveal thickness was measured by SD-OCT before surgery and the fourth week after phacoemulsification. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and degree of inflammation in the anterior chamber were also being assessed. Result: There was a statistically significant increase foveal thickness in the placebo group 4 weeks after phacoemulsification (p=0.022). Clinically, percentage degree of inflammation in anterior chamber in placebo group was higher than nepafenac group (38.9% : 5.6%) but not significantly different between 2 groups (p=0.27). Nepafenac group achieved clinically better BCVA than the placebo group 4 weeks after phacoemulsification, although statistically there was no significant difference between 2 groups (p=0.991). Conclusion: Nepafenac 0.1% eye drops could prevent foveal thickening 4 weeks after phacoemulsification in mild to moderate NPDR patients. Clinically, nepafenac 0.1% eye drops could decrease the risk of inflammation in the anterior chamber, risk of CME, and vision deterioration although did not reach statistically significant. Keywords: Nepafenac, macular thickness, phacoemulsification, retinopathy diabetic]]>
<![CDATA[Measurement of the Cut Off Score of Visual Function Questionnaire on Vision Related Quality of Life to Predict Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy ]]>
<![CDATA[Fauziah Hayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Arief Kartasasmita]]>;
<![CDATA[Mayang Rini]]>;
<![CDATA[Feti Karfiati]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 41 No 3 (2015): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami)) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35749/journal.v41i3.46
<![CDATA[Background: Diabetic retinopathy has a negative impact on quality of life. In order to investigate the effects of visual impairment in self-perception of quality of life, vision related questionnaires such as the National Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) has been developed. The aim of this study is to predict severity of diabetic retinopathy using NEI-VFQ-25 Version 2000 by measuring the cut off score of visual function questionnaire on vision related quality of life Methods: Cross Sectional study by examining 49 diabetic retinopathy patients who meet the inclusion criteria. All patients requested to answer the questionnaire. All question have a score and all question scores then categorized into a number of subscales that can be averaged to yield the subscale scores (lowest to highest range 0-100). Higher score on the VFQ–25 indicates better visual function and health related quality of life. Average scoring then being analyzed by ROC curve in order to gain the cut off score value between retinopathy and sight threatening diabetic retinopathy. Results: The cut off score value between retinopathy and sight threatening diabetic retinopathy is 90.90. The VFQ-25 classification score is in the range of <90.90 consider threatening diabetic retinopathy and ≥90.90 consider retinopathy. Conclusion: VFQ-25 is one of the instruments to confirm that diabetic retinopathy significantly impair quality of life. The cut off score value between retinopathy and sight threatening diabetic retinopathy is 90.90. Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, NEI-VFQ-25]]>
