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INDONESIA
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia
ISSN : 01261193     EISSN : 2460545X     DOI : 10.35749
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Ophthalmology
Articles 844 Documents
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Interferon alpha 2b or Mitomycin-C as Adjuvant Therapy of Pigmented Conjunctival Malignancy : A Literature Review: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident dr. meuthia rana amira primaputri
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/rfp0a976

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : To compare the efficacy and safety between Mitomycin C (MMC) and Interferon alpha-2b (IFN-α2b) eye drops as adjuvant therapy for conjunctival melanoma. Methods : Literature searching was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. All studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were categorized based on the level of evidence. The data of patients demographics, staging of disease, type of treatments, and outcomes of this review including local control rate, side effect, and recurrence and/or metastases were also reported. Results : From twelve articles, topical adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC and IFN α-2b showed favourable complete remission rate. Local control (complete remission) of IFN α-2b group is 46%, while in MMC group is 57%. The most side effect of MMC group were severe corneal-conjunctival irritation and corneal defect, while the IFN α-2b group showed mild side effect. Recurrency rate of IFN α-2b group and MMC group both is 35%. Metastases case of IFN α-2b group is 3.8%, while none of cases from MMC group metastases. Conclusion : Topical adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC and IFN α-2b showed favourable local control rate even though the recurrency rate also relatively high. Both medications showed promising results to reduce residual tumor size after wide excision surgery, preserving eye so reduce the chance of exenteration in various stages. It is important to consider adjuvant therapy following wide excision surgery as the first line treatment.
Eyelid Malposition, the Basic Examination: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist HENDRIATI JEFRIANTO
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/qdhpen23

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Eyelid malposition is when the eyelids become abnormally positioned due to various causes. The disorder is not aesthetically-pleasing and can lead to visual and ocular problems, which can be serious. The main cause of eyelid malposition is aging, as the tissues surrounding the eyes relax as we age. It can also occur as a result of paralysis of the facial nerve (Bell's palsy), trauma, scarring, and surgery Methods : The types of eyelid malposition are: 1)Ptosis, a drooping upper eyelid, with difficulty in opening the eyelid voluntarily. In some cases, it is so severe that the eyelid covers the axis of the pupil and hinders correct vision in the affected eye. 2)Entropion, inward turning of the eyelid towards itself. It may be the lower eyelid or the upper eyelid, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea and eye surface, and 3)Ectropion, is the rotation towards the outside of the lower eyelid. Very often, it causes the tears to build up at the mid point without being able to drain and the patient notices their eye watering. Results : There are some examination for each type eyelid malpositions, like for ptosis: fissure palpebral vertical, fissure palpebral horizontal, levator function, margin limbal distance, margin reflex distance, and bell’s phenomenon. Examination for entropion and ectropion including squeeze test, distraction test, snap and snap-back test, medial and lateral canthal laxity. Conclusion : Careful examination is required to diagnose and manage eyelid malposition.
COMPARISON OF HSP90 EXPRESSION IN CONJUNCTIVAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA AND CONJUNCTIVAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: Oral Presentation - Experimental Study - Ophthalmologist TRISSA WULANDA PUTRI; IBRAHIM
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/ecrzje96

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) participates in stabilizing and activating client proteins involved in malignant transformation. This study aims to determine whether there are different values for the expression of HSP90 in Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CSCC). Methods : A total of 24 OSSN samples, including 15 cases of CIN and 9 cases of CSCC were evaluated. The immunohistochemical expression of HSP90 was assessed using a scoring system based on the percentage of positive staining of nuclear and cytoplasmic cells, then the intensity of staining was evaluated using the German Immunoreactive Score. Results : In the study, the average cytoplasmic Immunoreactive Score in CIN was 9.87 and CSCC was 16.89 with a significant result (p=0.007), while the average nuclear Immunoreactive Score in CIN was 11.30 and CSCC was 14.50 with insignificant results (p=0.274). The results of the correlation test showed that the cytoplasmic expression groups with low categories were all in CIN as much as 6 (100%) so they had a ratio of 6:0. and the high category of HSP90 cytoplasmic expression group was only found in CSCC as many as 2 (100%) samples with a ratio of 0:2. The results of the correlation test using the Pearson test obtained a significant correlation value (p=0.006) with a moderate correlation strength (r=0.545). Conclusion : There are differences in the expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear HSP90 but only the cytoplasmic expression of HSP90 is significantly associated with CIN and CSCC.
Ocular Melanoma Clinical Characteristics in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta: A 5-Year Retrospective Study: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Kevin Setiawan
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/nwnzy615

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Ocular melanoma is a rare and potentially deadly type of cancer that affects the cells in the eye responsible for producing pigmentation. Unlike skin melanoma, which is more common and arises from the skin, ocular melanoma occurs within the eye itself, often developing in the choroid, ciliary body, or iris. Although rare, ocular melanoma is the most common primary cancer of the eye in adults. This abstract aims to provide the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular melanoma in a tertiary referral hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods : A retrospective study was conducted in 2022. Medical records of patients diagnosed with ocular melanoma between January 2016 – December 2020 were analyzed. Prevalence rates, patient demographic, clinical characteristics, type of ocular melanoma, and treatment were evaluated. Results : Ten patients were included in the study and the ratio was equal in men and women. Patients came from East Java (40%), Central Java (30%), and Yogyakarta Province (30%). The initial symptom was a predominantly growing spot on the eye (60%). All patients had unilateral ocular melanoma, predominantly in the left eye (80%). The origin of the tumor was conjunctival melanoma (30%), orbital melanoma (30%), uveal melanoma (20%), choroidal melanoma (10%), and eyelid melanoma (10%). The modality of treatment is predominantly surgical with chemotherapy (30%). Conclusion : The most common initial symptom of ocular melanoma was a growing spot on the eye and most cases were treated by surgery with chemotherapy.
CORRELATION OF THE DURATION OF DOCETAXEL ADMINISTRATION IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS WITH EPIPHORA DEGREES: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident DITA MINTARDI
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/fdjr0s67

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Epiphora is caused by excessive secretion and/or obstruction of lacrimal drainage system, malposition or weakness of the eyelids, failure of the nasolacrimal duct, and reflex tearing. Obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system can be caused by inflammatory processes in the palpebra, the use of certain medications or congenital abnormalities. Some drugs that are at risk of causing epiphora are chemotherapy drugs, especially 5-FU and docetaxel. Most epiphora were foundin weekly therapy than every 3 weeks therapy. Docetaxel causes epiphora, induces obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system and fibrosis of the stroma in the mucous layer of the lacrimal drainage system. According to Erkan et al, cases of recurrent or persistent and symptomatic epiphora had a Munk score of 2 to 4. This study interested in conducting research on the Correlation of the Duration of Docetaxel Administration in Breast Cancer Patients with Epiphora Degrees at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methods : Cross sectional study with 25 samples suffering from breast cancer and experiencing epiphora at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. The epiphora degree assessment is carried out using the Munk Score. Results : The sample was predominantly ≤50 years old as many as 21(84%) samples with a median 45 (23-64) years. The most dose of docetaxel was 70 mg in 20(80%) samples. Somer's D test showed that there was a significant correlation (p=0.021) between the duration of docetaxel administration to epiphora degrees and the strength of the strong correlation (r=0.645). Conclusion : The length of the docetaxel cycle is strongly correlated to having an epiphora
CLINICAL PROFILE OF PTOSIS PATIENTS IN DR. M. DJAMIL HOSPITAL PADANG: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident Putri Amanda
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/6n4rcf28

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Ptosis is one of the most common upper eyelid abnormalities. Ptosis surgery is indicated when there is visual compromise. Patient clinical profile is important in diagnosing and planning treatment for ptosis correction. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical profile of ptosis surgery patient in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang. Methods : This study was conducted in descriptive and retrospective manner. This research has been approved by the Medical Faculty of Andalas University research ethics committee No: 332/UN.16.2/KEP- FK/2021. All patients that were diagnosed with ptosis in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from January 2016 to December 2021 were included. Results : There were 33 patients included in this study. Most common age range was 11-20 years old (51.5%), patients were dominantly female (51.5%). According to laterality, the most common was unilateral ptosis, 21 cases (63.6%). Congenital ptosis comprises 51.5% of the cases with myogenic as the most common etiology. Severe ptosis was found in 20 cases (57.6%), poor levator function was found in 17 cases (51.5%). Levator resection was performed in 19 cases (57.6%). Thirty patients (90.9%) had MRD1 ≥2 mm post-surgery. Conclusion : Levator function is important in determining the surgical method. In severe ptosis with poor levator function, frontalis suspension is the surgery of choice. Appropriate surgical procedure in accordance to accurate pre-operative evaluation will show a good surgical result.
POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF ORBITAL TUMOR REMOVAL IN SARDJITO GENERAL HOSPITAL: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident Prasthiti Dewi Hasdini
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/hr6bec34

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Orbital tumor removal surgery represent a small but significant portion of ophthalmologic surgery, and few reports of the associated complications are available. The aim of this study is to report the complications of orbital tumor removal surgery in Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Methods : Descriptive retrospective study was carried out 138 patients who undergone orbital tumor removal surgery during July 2021-March 2023. Surgery approach and postoperative complications were collected from medical record. Results : Of approximately 138 patients, 12 (8%) patients had postoperative complications. Five (5%) of 75 patients who undergone anterior orbitotomy had postoperative complications. One percent had lagophthalmos, 1% had ptosis, 2% had decreased vision, and 1% had ocular movement disorders. Lateral orbitotomy was done in 21 patients. Three (12%) patients had postoperative complications. Four percent had ptosis, 4% had decreased vision, and 4% had ocular movement disorders. Four (60%) of 6 patients who undergone medial orbitotomy had ptosis (16%) and decreased vision (50%). Posterior orbitotomy was done in 8 patients. One (12,5%) patient had complication of ptosis. Conclusion : Anterior orbitotomy was the most common surgery approach for orbital tumor removal. The most common postoperative complications were ptosis and decreased vision. Informed consent is an important aspect to improve patient’s knowledge of postoperative complications.
Comparative Validity of LEA Contrast Sensitivity Chart to Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart in Neuroophthalmology Patients: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident Lovenia Valencia
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/g3beq138

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : The Pelli-Robson and LEA contrast sensitivity chart are widely used to measure clinical contrast sensitivity. The Pelli-Robson is a gold standard with the limitation of its bulky size. The LEA contrast sensitivity chart offers a reliable test in a way more practical and portable chart. This condition led to a question of whether we can predict Pelli-Robson score based on the LEA score. This study developed a conversion method to facilitate the transition from the LEA to the Pelli-Robson and validating the conversion score. Methods : This study retrospectively examined the relationship between LEA and Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Test. There were 120 eyes included in this study. We produced a conversion table using the equipercentile equating method. Then, we evaluated the reliability and accuracy of this algorithm to convert the LEA to the Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity score. Results : LEA scores were converted to Pelli-Robson scores according to a conversion table that achieved a reliability of 0.91 based on intraclass correlation. The accuracy of this algorithm was 81.6% within 1 point difference from the raw score. Conclusion : This study reported a reliable and comparable conversion algorithm for transforming LEA scores into converted estimated Pelli-Robson scores. This method will enhance the utility of existing data in clinical and research settings.
The Association between Atrial Fibrillation and Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Yufilia Suci Amelia
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/0d685a31

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a condition where the central retinal artery is blocked. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is commonly associated with retinal embolism that originates anywhere between the heart and the ophthalmic artery. This study aims to explore the incidence of AF in CRAO. Methods : A systematic search was performed in three databases: Pubmed, EBSCO host, and Proquest. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias in the study included. Results : Our systematic review comprises six studies, 4 studies included CRAO patients as the study population and AF as the endpoint, and the others 2 studies with CRAO as the endpoint. Meta- analysis of the first group resulted in a significantly favorable AF incident after CRAO with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.46 (95% CI 1.17-1.81, p=0.0007). The second meta-analysis supports CRAO with an OR of 4.86 (95% CI 2.30-10.28, p<0.0001). Conclusion : It is crucial to identify AF in preventing ocular infarction. This study revealed that AF was identified as a risk factor in patients with CRAO and vice versa.
Outlook of Diabetic Retinopathy Management through Universal Health Care in Indonesia from 2015 – 2020: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident Alfia Fatma Zaharo
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/55wbph30

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : To identify the National Health Expenditure associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) from the perspective of Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional [JKN]. Methods : A dataset of 1% of all individuals registered in JKN database was used from 2015 to 2020. We retrieved primary diagnosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (ICD-10 E11) and/or T2DM with ophthalmic complications (E11.3). Further diagnosis with DR (H36) was retrieved. Four groups of medical procedures related to DR management were developed according to Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs): diagnostic, laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy, minor (intravitreal injection), and major surgical procedures (e.g., vitrectomy). We performed descriptive analyses for the annual costs incurred for procedures, premium classifications, and regions. Results : Overall DR costs were US $41.5 million from 156,752 individuals with DR in JKN database sample. The total cost and per unit procedures cost specifically increased annually from 2015 to 2019 but declined substantially in 2020. The largest amount was spent on intravitreal injection ($36.3 million [87.5%]), whereas vitrectomy was the least ($145.0 million [0.3%]). Region 1 (Java Island) with non- beneficiaries of government subsidies (PBPU and PPU) was the major number of claims ($12.5 million [30.1%] and ($7.3 million [17.7%]), while beneficiaries of government subsidies (PBI) outside Java Island, conversely, were under average. Conclusion : There was significant increase in health expenditure associated with DR in Indonesia from 2015 to 2019, but decreased in 2020 possibly due to COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of funding was spent to treat severe spectrum of DR and concerned in urban area.

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