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Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia
ISSN : 01261193     EISSN : 2460545X     DOI : 10.35749
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Ophthalmology
Articles 844 Documents
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CONSISTENCY OF TBUT VS NIBUT MEASUREMENT FOR ASSESSMENT OF DRY EYE DISEASE IN COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident ANGELINA SURYA TALLO
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/3y1wsn03

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic requires medical faculty students to attend distance lectures using computers for long periods of time which directly has an impact of computer vision syndrome (CVS) which can progress to dry eye disease (DED). One of the tear film stability tests is the Tear Break Up Time, both with the invasive tear break up time (TBUT) technique and the non- invasive tear break up time (NIBUT) technique. This study aims to determine the consistency of tear film stability measurements using these two techniques in medical faculty students who suffer from CVS with and without DED. Methods : 62 medical students of Udayana University were enrolled in this study and devided into two groups namely CVS with DED symptoms and CVS without DED symptoms. Both groups were underwent TBUT examination using fluorescein strips and cobalt blue filter with slitlamp biomicroscopic and NIBUT examination with the tear film analysis software from Medmont E300 corneal topography. Results : There was no significant difference between TBUT and NIBUT measurements in the DED group (p=0.1985) and in the Non-DED group (p=0.9336). There was no difference in the consistency of TBUT and NIBUT in the two groups (p=0.4550). Conclusion : Both techniques provide consistent results in assessing DED. NIBUT technique is faster and more convenient for patients also can be an alternative for practitioners to diagnose DED if it is not possible to use TBUT due to allergies or the unavailability of fluorescein at the clinic.
Topical Treatment for Dry Eye Disease Related to Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Priscilla Jessica; Syafa Sadida Zahra
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/txm3jz57

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by dry eyes and dry mouth caused by inflammation in exocrine glands. Dry eye with SS is often more severe than non-SS dry eye and can greatly affect patients’ quality of life, thus treatment modalities must be selected carefully. This study aims to evaluate the recent studies on topical treatment for dry eye disease related to SS and provide evidence based recommendation for clinical practice. Methods : Electronic literature search was performed through the PubMed and Cochrane database from the last 10 years. We only included studies with prospective clinical trial design, a follow-up period of at least 4 weeks, and had outcome parameters among the following: Ocular Surface Disease Index, Schirmer test, tear break up time, tear meniscus height, and corneal fluorescein staining. Results : Fifteen studies were selected from 125 articles retrieved. We identified clinical trials using tacrolimus, cyclosporine, cortisol phosphate, diquafosol, rebamipide, fluorometholone, hydrocortisone, clobetasone butyrate, autologous serum, autologous platelet lysate, artificial tear, and various type of vehicles including hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate, almond oil, ceftazidime,or saline solution. Conclusion : Cyclosporine has comparably equal efficacy to corticosteroid eye drops in improving signs and symptoms of dry eye in SS, but with a better safety for long-term use. Autologous serum is also an effective therapy with the best concentration being 100% serum (no dilution). Diquafosol is a promising therapy but more research is needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.
Clinical Correlation of CD4 Count and Dry Eye Disease (DED) Severity Among HIV Patients: A Case Study in Voluntary Counseling and Testing Clinic Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Bali: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident PUTU AYU WULANSARI
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/889m8k12

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Dry Eye Disease is a multi-factorial ocular surface and tear film instability disease. It has been reported as one of the most frequent anterior segment ocular manifestations in HIV patients, occurring late in the disease. The study aimed to investigate clinical correlation of CD4 count and severity of the disease. Methods : This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study where 75 HIV patients (150 eyes) aged 18-50 years old were referred to ophthalmology clinic in VCT for ocular surface related complaints and were included in the study. Results : The study showed significant moderate positive correlation between CD4 count with Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) (r-value=0.509;p-value=0.05) and negatively correlated with Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score (r-value=-0.252, p-value=0.035). There were a significant difference in CD4 count between mild and moderate dry eyes (p-value=0.005) and between mild and severe dry eyes (p-value=0.005), however no significant difference was observed between moderate and severe dry eyes (p value=0.435). The severity of dry eye in HIV patients also tends to differ in-between clinical stage of the disease (p value=0.513) and with the presence of co-infection (p value=0.228), although the result was not statistically significant. Conclusion : There is a correlation between CD4 Count and Dry Eye Disease severity among HIV patients. The lower the CD4, the higher the risk for HIV patients to get severe dry eye disease. This shows the importance of CD4 control and monitoring to prevent various ocular disease and manifestations related to HIV.
Survival Analysis Of Dry Eye Disease Related To The Bleb Morphology In Primary Glaucoma Patient Post Trabeculectomy: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident MELISA ESTER LETARENI
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/y3sy5n51

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Dry eye disease (DED) has a prevalence of approximately 40-59% of all glaucoma patients. Changes in cellular structure after trabeculectomy underlie the instability of the tear film. This study aims to determine the relationship between DED and post-trabeculectomy bleb morphology. Methods : An observational study with survival analysis design to evaluate the time to DED in primary glaucoma patients with post- trabeculectomy blebs was undertaken at the Eye Health Polyclinic of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from January to March 2022. There were 30 primary glaucoma patients who met the inclusion criteria. Bivariate analysis to determine the relationship between bleb morphology and DED was analyzed using the Fisher Exact test. DED survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan Meier analysis. Results : Three months after trabeculectomy, 11 of 30 (36.7%) patients suffered from DED. There was a significant relationship between bleb height and DED three months after trabeculectomy [PR = 14.222 (Cl 95% 2.324- 87.028; p = 0.004)]. In addition, the results showed that there was a significant difference in the survival time of DED in glaucoma patients based on bleb height (p = 0.001). Conclusion : Bleb height is a predictor of DED in glaucoma patients after trabeculectomy.
Differences of Endothelial Corneal Cells Morphology in HIV Patients With and Without Dry Eye Disease: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Tri Rahmawati; Daniel Johosua Siegers; Juan Felix Pangestu
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/eswbfg11

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Dry eye is a multifactorial disease that affects tear production. Furthermore, the secretion of tears is significantly reduced in patients with HIV. This study aimed to determine whether these changes would make differences in the morphology of corneal endothelial cells. Methods : Our research used an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional approach at the Waihaong Health Center in Ambon City and the Ambon Vlissingen Eye Clinic in March 2023. The sample for this study came from 40 HIV-positive patients who had previously been examined by an ophthalmologist and were diagnosed with dry eye syndrome. Chi-Square analyses were conducted to determine differences in corneal endothelial cell morphology (Cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonal cells). Results : This study showed that of the 80 eyes of people living with HIV examined, 43,8% had dry eyes. No abnormal hexagonality was found in the corneal endothelial cells in all eyes examined. Decreased endothelial cell density was found in only four eye (5%). Although no significant difference was found for the coefficient of variation of corneal endothelial cells between dry eyes and those without (p=0.764), this study showed that the percentage of coefficient of variation of corneal endothelial cells that were increased/abnormal was higher in dry eye conditions (34.3%) compared to non-dry eyes (31.1%). Conclusion : This study showed no significant differences in the morphology of the corneal endothelial cells of HIV patients with dry eyes. Further research is required with a larger sample size.
Platelet Rich Fibrin as a Potential Treatment for Corneal Neovascularization due to Infective Keratitis: An Experimental Study: Oral Presentation - Experimental Study - Resident NANDANG SUDRAJAT
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/gf59xa93

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a source of growth factor has been widely used in various therapeutic fields so that it could accelerate the wound healing process. This study investigated the effect of platelet-rich fibrin PRF in inhibiting neovascularization, inhibiting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) in the infective keratitis animal model. Methods : A total of 12 New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctalogus cuniculus) were subjected to keratitis induction by inoculation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The rabbits were divided into two groups, the first group as control was treated antibiotic-only, and the second as treatment group was treated with antibiotic and PRF graft. The corneal neovascularization area was clinically measured before and after treatment. Expression of VEGF and PEDF in the corneal epithelium, stroma, and endothelium were evaluated by immunohistochemical examination on day 10 after keratitis induction. Results : There were significant differences in VEGF expression between groups in the epithelial layer (p=0.008), but no significant difference in the stromal (p=0.934) and endothelial (p=0.935) layers. PEDF expression showed a significant difference between groups in the epithelial (p = 0.004) and stroma layers (p = 0.029) but no significant difference in the endothelial layer (p = 0.157). However, there was no significant difference in clinical neovascularization between the two groups (p=0.526). Conclusion : PRF could inhibit VEGF expression and stimulate PEDF expression in the cornea of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis animal model that potentially reduces the corneal neovascularization in the longer observation.
Ocular Manifestations Of Hiv Patients At Ophthalmology Polyclinic Of Prof.Dr.I.G.N.G.Ngoerah Hospital January 2019 - December 2021: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident NI MADE AYU WULANDARI
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/sq301w10

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a disorder that affects many organs including the eyes. It is highly recommended that HIV patients be referred to an ophthalmologist before experiencing symptoms.To determine the ocular manifestations in HIV patients Methods : This was an observational study with anayltic cross-sectional approach. Data was collected retrospectively from medical records of HIV patients who visited Ophthalmology Polyclinic at Prof.Dr.I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar for the period 1 January 2019 – 31 December 2021. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test in SPSS version 22 Results : There were 52 patients included, mostly were male (61.5%), aged 30-39 years (40.4%), WHO stage IV (63.5%) taking 1st Highly Active Antiretroviral Theraphy (HAART) (75%), have been diagnosed with HIV and consume (HAART) for 1-5 years, CD4 100-249 (42.3%), BCVA <3/60 (46.2%), and had not ckecked their HIV RNA (77.2%). There were 71 occurrences of HIV ocular manifestations with dry eye as the most common type (31%), followed by ocular CMV (26.8%). In patients with CD4 < 250, the most ocular manifestations were dry eye, in CD4 250-500 were dry eye and ocular syphilis, whereas in CD4 > 500 were ocular toxoplasmosis and ocular syphilis. There is no relationship between the use of HAART and dry eye syndrome Conclusion : The most common ocular manifestations of HIV patients at the Ophthalmology Polyclinic of Prof.Dr.I.G.N.G.Ngoerah Hospital was dry eyes. Ocular manifestations in patients with CD4 <500 was dry eye whereas those with CD4>500 was ocular toxoplasmosis and syphilis.
Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (CXL) in Pediatric Keratoconus: Changes in Visual Acuity and Biomechanical Properties: Visual Acuity and Biomechanical Properties Ganjar Sulaksmono
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/nhfhjq57

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Keratoconus is a progressive disease that changes the mechanical shape of the cornea due to thinning of the stromal layer of the cornea. Therefore, early detection and correct management should be able to slow the progression of the disease. This study aimed to compare changes in visual acuity and biomechanic properties of cornea in patients who underwent Corneal Collagen Cross- Linking (CXL) in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Methods : This is a prospective study that included all pediatric keratoconus patients without any underlying disease that underwent CXL between July 2022 to December 2022. Uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA), Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) and Intraocular Pressure (IOP) were evaluated preoperatively, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks following CXL. Results : Mean age of patients was 11 (range 6-18 y.o). UCVA were 1.00±0.34 logMAR preoperatively, 0.95±0.35 and 0.88±0.37 logMAR at 2 and 6 weeks after CXL (P=0.27 and P=0.02, respectively). BCVA were 0.37±0.28 logMAR preoperatively, 0.46±0.28 and 0.35±0.21 logMAR at 2 and 6 weeks after CXL (P=0.05 and P=0.46, respectively). Mean IOP were 15.21±3.99 preoperatively, 14.45±2.73 and 15.21±3.68 at 2 weeks and 6 weeks after CXL (P=0.33 and P=1.00, respectively). Mean CCT were 503.09±49.43 preoperatively, 508.18±47.68 and 506.82±48.41 at 2 weeks and 6 weeks after CXL (P=0.01 and P=0.11, respectively). No complications occurred during the observation period. Conclusion : UCVA and BCVA were improved after CXL. Analysis showed no significant change for IOP and CCT after CXL procedure. Overall, CXL was safe and significantly improve UCVA and BCVA in pediatric keratoconus.
THE EFFECT OF SUPER OXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) ON THE HEALING OF WHITE RAT CORNEAL EPITHELIAL WOUNDS CORNEAL EPITHELIAL WOUNDS: Oral Presentation - Experimental Study - Ophthalmologist AGUNG DARMAWAN
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/nydpda06

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Keratitis and corneal erosion are part of eye trauma. Injury to the cornea will cause cell damage, triggering an inflammatory reaction that can increase the production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species). SOD (Superoxide Dismutase), one of the endogenous enzymatic antioxidants works by limiting the level of inflammation of the corneal damage caused by oxidation. Objective: Determine the effect of superoxide dismutase concentrations of 2%, 3%, 5% and placebo on the healing of corneal epithelial wound lesions in white rats with corneal trauma models Methods : Experimental study pre and post-test only with control group design in vivo with 24 samples of white wistar rats that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research was conducted at the Animal House Laboratory, the Biotechnology Laboratory of the UNSRI Medical Faculty and the Eureka Research Center laboratory within 6 months. Results : 5% SOD showed a smaller reduction in wound area with the largest reduction (mean 0.67cm ± 0.007) followed by SOD 3% (mean 0.67cm ± 0.005). SOD 3% and 5% significantly correlated with weak strength at 48 hours and 72 hours. A significant reduction in the area of corneal epithelial wound lesions was only seen at 48 hours. Conclusion : SOD 5% most affected the healing of corneal epithelial wound lesions, followed by SOD 3%. SOD concentrations of 3% and 5% had a significant correlation on corneal epithelial wound healing at 48 and 72 hours with weak correlation strength.
Relationship Between Contact Lens Wear and the Risk of Acquired Blepharoptosis: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Febianza Mawaddah Putri
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/k2f8nf54

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Contact lens wear has been reported to be associated with acquired blepharoptosis. This literature review aims to summarize and evaluate the risk of acquired blepharoptosis in contact lens wearers. Methods : Literature searching was conducted using three online databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Search terms such as “contact lens”, “ptosis”, and “blepharoptosis” were included. Reference lists of each study were also assessed for potentially relevant sources. Prospective and retrospective studies as well as meta-analyses and systematic reviews were included. Results : Using relevant search terms in various databases, a total of five articles were included in this review. Four studies suggested that wearing hard or soft contact lenses was significantly associated with blepharoptosis. One study indicated hard contact lens wearers presented blepharoptosis 17.38 times more frequently than non-wearers (OR, 17.38, 95% CI=3.71–81.29), while soft contact lens wearers had 8.12 times more risk of presenting blepharoptosis than non-wearers (OR, 8.12, 95% CI=2.68–24.87). Furthermore, long-term contact lens wear, which was 20 years or more, seemed to have a significant effect on the incidence of blepharoptosis. There was only one study which stated that hard contact lens wear did not lead to acquired blepharoptosis in this review. Conclusion : There is evidence of a clear association between hard or soft contact lens wear and an increased risk of blepharoptosis. Patients wearing contact lenses should be informed of the risk of blepharoptosis, and a history of contact lens use should be sought in all patients who have acquired blepharoptosis.

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