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Bulletin of Geology
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 25800752     EISSN : 25800752     DOI : 10.5614/bull.geol.
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering
Bulletin of Geology is a research-based periodical scientific open access journal published by Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB). The published article in Bulletin of Geology covers all geoscience and technology fields including Geology, Geophysics, Geodesy, Meteorology, Oceanography, Petroleum, Mining, and Geography. The submitted abstract must be written in English and Bahasa Indonesia, but the article content is English or Bahasa Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Geologi
Articles 100 Documents
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ANALISIS KESTABILAN LERENG TIGA DIMENSI PADA BATUAN METAMORF DI PERBUKITAN ASINUA, SULAWESI TENGGARA Rendy Kartiko
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Analisis Kestabilan lereng pada batuan relatif jarang dilakukan pada daerah-daerah terpencil di Sulawesi. Sementara itu perkembangan yang semakin cepat menuntut infrastruktur untuk dapat dimitigasi dengan kajian longsoran bila nanti terjadi, baik akibat gempa ataupun karena curah hujan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini mengkaji kestabilan lereng tiga dimensi pada batuan metamorf berupa sekis dengan metode kesetimbangan batas. Parameter keruntuhan massa batuan yang diukur dari tali pindai dan uji laboratorium menjadi dasar bagi pemodelan. Kondisi ketidak pastian dari massa batuan digambarkan dengan dua skenario berdasarkan variasi dari nilai kuat tekan batuan. Penurunan nilai faktor keamanan terlihat dari pemberian beban gempa, kondisi airtanah yang jenuh. Nilai FK kritis terlihat mulai terjadi pada skenario batuan yang lebih lemah dengan kondisi airtanah yang jenuh. Sedangkan pada batuan yang lebih keras maka gabungan kondisi airtanah yang jenuh dan beban gempa baru dapat membuat nilai FK menjadi kritis. Slope stability analysis are seldom performed in rocky area within remote area of Sulawesi Island. Meanwhile, infrastructure development has been accelarated, thus need mitigation with slope stability analysis to focus on potential unstable slopes due to earthquake or high rainfall intensity. This research develops three-dimensional slope stability in metamorphic rock with limit equilibrium method. Rock mass failure envelope is predicted after acquiring outcrop scanline and laboratory tests. Uncertainty from rock mass is described by two scenarios base on variation of rock compressive strength. Safety factor downward trend are predicted with earthquake load, and saturated condition of rocks. Critical safety factor initially seen in scenario with weaker rock with water saturated condition. Meanwhile on stronger rock, only after combination of water saturation and earthquake load critical safety factor reached.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT DAN IDENTIFIKASI UPWELLING BERDASARKAN FORAMINIFERA PLANKTONIK SEJAK AKHIR LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM DI WILAYAH PERAIRAN PULAU SIMEULUE, ACEH Winda Eka Mandiri Puteri; KHOIRIL ANWAR MARYUNANI; PURNA SULASTYA PUTRA; SEPTRIONO HARI NUGROHO
Bulletin of Geology Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Sari – Analisis perubahan iklim dan lautan di wilayah perairan Pulau Simeulue Aceh sejak Pleistosen Akhir hingga Resen dilakukan karena daerah ini berada di wilayah tropis Samudera Hindia yang memiliki peran dalam dinamika iklim global. Wilayah perairan barat Sumatera terletak di timur Samudera Hindia yang dipengaruhi oleh variabilitas atmosfer dan lautan sepanjang tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan mengidentifikasi upwelling dengan menggunakan proksi foraminifera. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan sampel inti sedimen EW17-08 sepanjang 217 cm yang diambil dari kedalaman 2.811 m di perairan barat Pulau Simeulue Aceh pada posisi 94° 46’ 43” BT dan 2° 29’ 47” LU. Berdasarkan hasil pentarikhan AMS C-14 umur inti sedimen laut dalam EW17-08 adalah 21.300 BP (Plesitosen Akhir). Berdasarkan hasil analisis SPL menggunakan metode Modern Analogue Technique (MAT), rata-rata SPL pada Pleistosen Akhir adalah 27.78oC dan pada Holosen rata-rata SPL adalah 28.15oC. Perbedaan SPL pada Pleistosen Akhir-Holosen di daerah penelitian tidak terlalu signifikan namun terjadi beberapa kali penurunan suhu permukaan laut secara cepat yang diasosiasikan dengan peristiwa-peristiwa iklim yang terjadi sejak Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) seperti deglasiasi, Oldest Dryas, Bølling Interstadial, Older Dryas, Allerød Interstadial, dan Younger Dryas, Preboreal-Boreal, 8.2k event, Holocene Thermal Maximum, and 4.2k event, Subboreal, Warm Period, dan Little Ice Age. Intensitas upwelling di daerah penelitian menunjukan peningkatan pada Pleistosen Akhir yaitu pada kisaran umur 9.220-15.140 BP berdasarkan kelimpahan Globigerina bulloides. Upwelling yang terjadi pada periode tersebut mempengaruhi peningkatan total kelimpahan foraminifera yang cukup signifikan. Intensitas upwelling diperkirakan dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan intensitas muson tenggara. Kata Kunci: foraminifera, SPL, upwelling, perairan Pulau Simeulue Aceh, Indian Ocean Abstract –Analysis of climate change and oceanography in Simeulue waters, Aceh since the Late Pleistocene-Holocene were researched because this study area is located in the tropical Indian Ocean which plays a role in the dynamics of the global climate change. The study area is on the eastern Indian Ocean which is affected by the variability of the atmosphere and oceans throughout the year. This study aims to determine changes in sea surface temperature (SST) and identify upwelling using foraminifera proxy. A marine sediment core EW17-08 along 217 cm (94° 46’ 43” longitude and 2° 29’ 47” latitude) was retrieved from a depth of 2.811 m in western of Simeulue Island, Aceh. Based on AMS radiocarbon dating, the age of sediment core EW17-08 is 21.300 BP (Late Pleistocene). Based on SST analysis using Modern Analogue Technique (MAT) method, average of SST in the Late Pleistocene was 27.78oC and average of SST in the Holocene was 28.15oC. The difference in the Late Pleistocene-Holocene is not too significant but there have been several times abrupt decreasing SST in the study area which is associated with climatic event since Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) such as deglaciation, Oldest Dryas, Bølling Interstadial, Older Dryas, Allerød Interstadial, dan Younger Dryas, Preboreal-Boreal, 8.2k event, Holocene Thermal Maximum, and 4.2k event, Subboreal, Warm Period, and Little Ice Age. The intensity of upwelling showed increasing in the Late Pleistocene (9.220-15.140 BP) based on abundance of Globigerina bulloides. Upwelling that occurred during this period affected a significant increase in the total abundance of foraminifera. The upwelling intensity is estimated to be influenced by the increasing intensity of the southeast monsoon. Keywords: foraminifera, SST, upwelling, waters of Simeulue Island, Aceh, Indian Ocean
INTERPRETATION OF TECTONIC SETTING AND MAGMATISM FOR EDUCATION AND GEOTOURISM IN IJEN UNESCO GLOBAL GEOPARK, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Abdillah Baraas
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 3 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Indonesia's tectonic conditions are quite interesting, especially discussing about the boundary conditions of the western and eastern parts of Indonesia's tectonic areas which have very different characteristics. One of the things that results from tectonic activity is magmatism that produces volcanoes. The Sunda arc in the western part of Indonesia is a subduction tectonic zone that produces arc volcanoes, one of the volcanoes that grows there is the Ijen Volcano Complex which is in a very interesting position because it is located at the boundary or transition between the Sundaland part in the west and the crust that thinner in the eastern part of the activity. Its volcanism is also quite interesting because it produces a caldera formed by an explosive eruption. This indicates that there is material under the volcano that contaminates and triggers the eruption. Tectonic activity may also influence the stratigraphic formation of this caldera. The Ijen Complex grows on top of tertiary sedimentary rocks. The magmatism is also affected by the assimilation process between sedimentary rocks and magma that comes from partial melting in the subduction zone. By studying the Ijen Volcano Complex, we can get data that the surface carried by magma rises and erupts so that we can obtain information about what is happening at the bottom beneath the surface there and its tectonic configuration.
KARAKTERISTIK GEOTEKNIK MINERAL LEMPUNG PADA TEROWONGAN TAMBANG BAWAH TANAH CIURUG LEVEL 600, PONGKOR, JAWA BARAT Robby Ginanjar; Imam Achmad Sadisun
Bulletin of Geology Vol 3 No 1 (2019): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/bull.geol.2019.3.1.6

Abstract

Zona argilik pada terowongan tambang bawah tanah Ciurug level 600 memerlukan penanganan dan perhatian khusus pada perkuatan terowongan. Hal ini perlu dilakukan karena zona argilik tersebut secara umum membuat massa batuan disekitar penambangan menjadi lemah. Zona argilik tersebut dapat diidentifikasi secara langsung pada bukaan terowongan atau dari hasil inti pemboran bawah permukaan. Argilitisasi yang terjadi pada bukaan XC 662 dan XC 6-1a memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, baik secara persebarannya maupun jenis kehadiran mineral lempungnya. Zona argilik yang hadir pada bukaan XC 662 menunjukan distribusi yang terkonsentrasi di sekitar urat kuarsa, sedangkan pada bukaan XC 6-1a distribusinya lebih merata, sehingga melemahkan hampir di seluruh bagian bukaan terowongan. Karakteristik mineral lempung pada zona argilik di kedua bukaan terowongan diuji menggunakan beberapa pengujian salah satunya adalah uji batas Atterberg. Hasil uji batas Atterberg menunjukan bahwa Indeks Plastisitas (IP) dari mineral lempung pada zona argilik berkisar antara 17,64 – 33,33 dan nilai aktivitas yang berkisar antara 1,1 – 1,6. Nilai tersebut dipengaruhi oleh mineral lempung berupa kaolinit, vermiculite, smektit, dan halloysite. Kata kunci: Zona argilik, karakteristik, batas Atterberg, nilai aktivitas
STUDI GEOMEKANIKA 3D DENGAN ANALISIS BIDANG LEMAH LAPISAN (PLANE OF WEAKNES) DI LAPANGAN ALPHA, MADURA UTARA Restio Adhyaksa Brata
Bulletin of Geology Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Alpha field which located at offshore North Madura, East Java Indonesia, is known for the economic hydrocarbon reserve based on the previous drilling campaign results. The success of the production results had strengthened the decision to further develop this field by targeting several upcoming wells. But drilling process in this field was not easy and encounter many drilling problems such as breakouts, stuck pipes, well collapse and even wells need to be sidetracked. From the drilling perspective, the carbonate dominant formation is challenging and shows high uncertainty for the drilling parameter. 1D geomechanics analysis was applied in the previous drilling campaign to provide the analysis of rock properties and recommended drilling parameters. The wellbore instability problem has been reduced after the 1D geomechanics analysis application, although the main drilling problem still occurred such as breakout and well collapse. Blocky caving then observed in some of the wells in the interbedded carbonate and shale in Kujung Formation, and this type of caving is potentially indicating the plane of weakness issue. Based on those drilling experiences, the advanced geomechanics study is mandatory for the safety and successful well drilling. Anisotropy in the rock properties over the study field may lead to the invalid 1D geomechanics model in the prediction of rock properties for the upcoming well trajectory. Besides that, the pressure and rock stresses are also varying in every location where it is affected by tectonics and fault plane. Based on that, the disadvantages of the 1D geomechanics model need to be escalated to the 3D model with support from the seismic attributes and 3D static reservoir model. 1D logs of rock properties in every offset well were upscaled and propagated over the field as a 3D cube. 3D cube of rock properties with pore pressure and vertical stress then will be the inputs to calculate 3D horizontal stresses over the field by using Blanton & Olson Formula. The presence of the blocky caving in several wells in the Kujung Formation indicates another factor that can cause well collapse. However, this factor was not analyzed in the previous drilling campaign. This blocky caving potentially represents the bedding plane failure due to the low attacking angle of the well trajectory and formation bedding. To avoid bedding failure, the stresses applied to the bedding plane due to pressure from drilling activities must be calculated by using Kirsch Formula. The stress applied to the bedding plane can be maintained by using correct mud weight and reduce the well inclination. 3D geomechanics model helps in the rock properties prediction in the trajectory of the upcoming well. Added to that, the plane of weakness analysis helps to predict the stress applied in the bedding plane due to drilling activities. The integration of the 3D geomechanics model with the plane of weakness analysis provides the accurate drilling parameter and the mud weight recommendation for safe and successful well drilling and increased the cost efficiencies.
HYDRODYNAMICS AND SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS ON A BATHYMETRICALLY-CONTROLLED RIP CHANNEL IN PANGANDARAN BEACH Hanif Santyabudhi Sutiyoso; Andi Egon
Bulletin of Geology Vol 3 No 3 (2019): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/bull.geol.2019.3.3.5

Abstract

Rip currents are hydrodynamic events that form vary alongshore depend on local setting of its bathymetry feature and forcing. When it occurs, it is important to understand the process in order to prepare safety issues on recreational beaches. Bathymerically-controlled rips are the focus in this study, as this type is commonly found on Indonesia’s coastal areas, particularly in south coast of West Java. This unique hydrodynamics feature affects sediment characteristic, particularly at the rip channel as the lower part (far from shore) tends to have coarser sediment due to larger friction. Such complex interactions need thorough investigation; therefore, a study was conducted in Pangandaran which well-known for its rip currents. Field observation was made to collect sediment sample on cross shore direction which shows finer sediment on upper rip channel and coarser sediment on the lower part with diameter size of 0.35 mm and 0.37 mm, respectively. In addition, simple simulations were also made to illustrate rip current movement on a channel. The result shows that in the strongest current area with over than 3.0 m/s current speed, i.e. on the lower part of rip channel, bed shear stress is found to be the strongest. It is been noticed as well that the bed shear stress forms a pattern which delineate overall movement of a rip current. Furthermore, the variation of bed shear stress is revealed as the main cause of sediment distribution along the cross-shore direction. Therefore, this simple approach qualitatively illustrates the dynamics of rip current phenomenon.
STRUCUTURAL AND GEOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS TO PREDICT NATURALLY FRACTURE CARBONATE RESERVOIR CAHARACTERIZATION OF WHF FIELD, BANGGAI BASIN, INDONESIA Reza Armanda; Indra Gunawan
Bulletin of Geology Vol 5 No 2 (2021): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

The WFH field has been in production since 2005 with reserves of 120 MMBO and has reached peak production of up to 4000 BOPD. The reservoir rock from this field is Miocene Bioclastic Limestone with an average matrix porosity of 8% and a water saturation of 13%. Based on the results of the core rock study and analysis of well production tests, the reservoir in the WFH field indicates the presence of natural fractures that control porosity and permeability so that a mechanical approach such as strutural and geomechanical analysis is needed to get an understanding of characteristics and distribution of natural fractures that the resolution is under seismic resolution. Geological structure parameters are obtained from the sesimic interpretation of reservoir horizon and several faults then reconstructed to obtain the strain value from this field. Geomechanical properties such as the stress regime in the WFH field are obtained from the results of stress analysis. The stress analysis shows that the WFH field is in a normal fault regime (Sv> SHmax> Shmin). Structural reconstrution analysis showed a vertical strain value is 18% and horizontal strain value is -17%. This value is obtained from the sum of the movement of reservoir in the thrust fault plane. The slope modeling of the simulated fracture ranges from 35 to 40 degrees which is identical to the natural fracture observations obtained from the log image interpretation. The intensity of fractures in the WFH field reservoir is in the area around the fault plane, especially in the bend area. In addition, the intensity of fractures that could potentially open is indicated by a large Slip Tendency value of 0.4. The incorporation of areas with high slip tendcy and fracture instensity resulted in an open natural fracture zone in this reservoir trending NW-SE which is associated with factoring faults that are identical to the trend of the WFH field structure.Modeling from this subsurface data is expected to be able to build a reliable geological and geomechanical structure model to provide the best recommendations of characteristic of natural reservoir fracture for the placement of further wells and as an analogy in reducing the risk of exploration in a similar play.
PENGARUH FENOMENA INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE TERHADAP PALEOEKOLOGI DAN PALEOPRODUKTIVITAS FORAMINIFERA DI PERAIRAN SELAT SUNDA PADA WAKTU PLEISTOSEN-HOLOSEN Eldian Yosua Budiarto; Khoiril Anwar Maryunani; Luli Gustiantini
Bulletin of Geology Vol 7 No 2 (2023): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Sari - Selat Sunda termasuk bagian dari Paparan Sunda yang merupakan salah satu paparan terbesar di dunia, dengan perairan regional yang dipengaruhi oleh South Java Current (SJC). Daerah Selat Sunda juga menjadi daerah yang terpengaruh oleh Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) positif dan negatif yang diinisiasi oleh intensifikasi siklus Hadley dan interaksi muson Asia-Australia. IOD negatif dicirikan oleh peristiwa peningkatan curah hujan di bagian barat Indonesia yang diikuti oleh iklim kering di timur Afrika. Sebaliknya, IOD positif dicirikan oleh pendinginan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan peningkatan produktivitas di perairan barat Sumatera dikarenakan peningkatan upwelling. Selama peristiwa Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), tinggi permukaan air laut lebih rendah mendekati 130 m di bawah permukaan laut saat ini dan menyebabkan Paparan Sunda terekspos menjadi Sundaland. Paparan Sunda mengalami flooding pada ~10.000 tahun lalu akibat peningkatan eustasi yang menyebabkan perairan Selat Sunda terkoneksi dengan Laut Jawa seperti saat ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada inti batuan BS-05 yang termasuk dalam perairan Selat Sunda dengan koordinat 7° 1′38.83″LS, 105° 6′16.31″BT. Penelitian berfokus pada rekaman foraminifera planktonik dan bentonik dari 69 kedalaman yang dicuplik dari kedalaman 0 hingga 264 cm dengan interval 4 cm, dengan umur Pleistosen Akhir hingga Holosen. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode statistik berupa single fauna method, two or more species, dan whole fauna method. Hasil analisis menunjukkan sebelum deglasiasi (akhir Pleistosen), SPL relatif lebih dingin, aktivitas upwelling lebih tinggi, kedalaman termoklin dangkal, dengan paleoproduktivitas dikendalikan oleh upwelling, sebagai akibat dominasi IOD positif. Setelah deglasiasi (Holosen), SPL relatif menjadi lebih hangat, dengan aktivitas upwelling dan kedalaman termoklin yang mengalami fluktuasi, dengan paleoproduktivitas dikendalikan masukan material terigen dari Laut Jawa dan upwelling. Hal ini mengimplikasikan bahwa peningkatan paleoproduktivitas pada dominasi IOD negatif terjadi akibat terhubungnya Selat Sunda dan Laut Jawa, dengan beberapa interval waktu dominasi IOD positif, contohnya pada interval 6.000 hingga 4.000 tahun lalu.
Model Pengendapan Reservoar Gita Interval 34-1, Formasi Talangakar, Lapangan Widuri, Cekungan Asri heryanti - efendi; DONATUS HENDRA AMIJAYA; JAROT SETYOWIYOTO
Bulletin of Geology Vol 2 No 2 (2018): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/bull.geol.2018.2.2.1

Abstract

Interval 34-1 is the third largest reservoir in Widuri Field, Asri Basin with cumulative production reaching 11 Million Metric Barrels of Oil (MMBO) from Original Oil in Place (OOIP) 31 MMBO. At Interval 34-1, Gita Reservoir, Talangakar Formation, Widuri Field, no thorough facies analysis has been performed on this sandstone reservoir. This research was conducted to find out lithology facies of research area and how to correlate lithology facies with deposition system. The reservoir deposition model in this research will be built through the understanding of lithology facies and settling system so that geology is expected to be close to the actual condition. The data used in this study are core rock analysis data from three wells with a total length of 485 feet, well log data from 7 production wells and 1 exploratory well, petrography and XRD data, biostratigraphy and paleobathymetry data, and map of seismic attribute of acoustic impendance. The first step is to identify the lithofasies and facies associations for the association of the depositional environment. The sandstone reservoir Gita Interval 34-1 is interpreted to consist of four facies associations namely; estuarine point bar, shallow marine, marsh/swamp, and intertidal flat. The second stage is to correlate the well log data stratigraphy to map the facies overlays horizontally. The third step is to integrate secondary data in the form of seismic attribute maps with log correlation and facies association analysis to predict the deposition model of each cycle adjacent to Interval 34-1. Reservoir deposition model Gita Interval 34-1 at the bottom develops supratidal marsh/swamp. Subsequent transgression phases resulted in the deposition of shallow marine deposits, followed by estuary channel deposits in subsequent regression periods. Subsequent transgression produces intertidal flat deposit, followed by shallow marine deposits in subsequent transgression periods. Keywords: Asri Basin, facies, facies associations, depositional model
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI SEBARAN MINERAL MANGAN (Mn) BERDASARKAN ANOMALI MEDAN MAGNETIK PADA LEMBAR KUPANG, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Yoga Satria Putra; RIKKI HERMAWAN; radhitya Perdhana
Bulletin of Geology Vol 5 No 4 (2021): Bulletin of Geology
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kebumian (FITB), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

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Abstract

Sari – Telah dilakukan identifikasi potensi sebaran mineral Mangan (Mn) di daerah Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur berdasarkan anomali medan magnetik lembar Kupang dengan melakukan pemodelan 3D pada grid anomali medan magnet residual yang berkorelasi dengan Formasi Bobonaro. Formasi Bobonaro diduga sebagai formasi pembawa mineral Mn. Penentuan lokasi yang diduga memiliki potensi mineral Mn didasarkan pada keberadaan dugaan nilai suseptibilitas Mn yaitu 0,0005-0,001 SI pada penampang 3D suseptibilitas tiap-tiap lokasi pemodelan. Dari lima lokasi pemodelan, diketahui keberadaan dugaan nilai suseptibilitas Mn berada pada batas kontras antara anomali medan magnet tinggi dan rendah. Dalam penelitian ini daerah yang diduga berpotensi memiliki sebaran Mn adalah lokasi pada pemodelan 3 yang ditunjukan dengan nilai suseptibilitas Mn yang tersebar hingga dekat permukaan, dan berada pada Formasi Bobonaro. Abstract - The potential distribution of Manganese minerals in the Kupang region, East Nusa Tenggara was defined based on the Kupang sheet's magnetic field anomaly by 3D modeling on the residual magnetic field anomaly grid which correlates with the Bobonaro Formation. Those are assumed that the Bobonaro Formation is a transporter of Manganese minerals. Determination of locations that are assumed to have Manganese mineral potential is based on the presence of the estimated Manganese susceptibility value, ranging from 0.0005-0.001 SI in each design location's 3D susceptibility portion. The existence of the estimated value of manganese susceptibility is known from the five simulation locations to be at the contrast boundary between high and low anomalies of the magnetic fields. In this study, the areas which are assumed to have the potential maintain Manganese (Mn) distribution are the locations in Model 3 which are indicated by the value of Manganese susceptibility scattered near the surface, in Bobonaro Formation.

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