Journal of International Relations Studies
Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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<![CDATA[Pengaruh eDiplomacy dalam Normalisasi Hubungan Diplomatik Amerika Serikat - Kuba pada Masa Pemerintahan Barack Obama ]]>
<![CDATA[Ginting, Tirsa Kristiani Br]]>;
<![CDATA[Paramasatya, Satwika]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[The phenomenon of the use of modern technology such as internet, website, and social media network sites such as Facebook and Twitter bring forth a concept of Digital Diplomacy or eDiplomacy. Under the leadership of Barack Obama, United States, the country with the largest technological growth be a pioneer to implement eDiplomacy in leveraging U.S. foreign policy. Obama aligned with the mission to create a transparent government, so State Department of United States initiates the eDiplomacy implementation of 21st Century statecraft agenda. The United States eDiplomacy program was used to actualize one of Obama's campaign promises, that is the normalization of diplomatic relations with Cuba. History records that these two countries have been in dispute for almost the past 54 years. This research aims to explain how eDiplomacy is used as an instrument for normalizing diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba using the public diplomacy concept by analyzing the various uses of media platforms and its implications. This research used qualitative research method with process-tracing data analysis method. This research concludes that eDiplomacy is one of the determinants factors in normalizing diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba]]>
<![CDATA[Kepatuhan Jepang dan Tiongkok terhadap Rezim Internasional Mengenai Penanganan Kejahatan Korupsi dan Pencucian Uang Sebagai Sarana Peningkatan Kekuatan Ekonomi Negara ]]>
<![CDATA[Purba, Ribka Indriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Paramasatya, Satwika]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[It is almost undeniable that the existence of interests has basically become the basis of every states in taking policies both domestically and abroad, including Japan and China. In the contemporary era, the scope of state power is no longer limited to the issue of security and defense (military) but also its economic strength. The increasing of economic power now has included in the top of the country's interests. In an effort to increase the economic strength of state, Japan and China realize it by overcoming their domestic problems which potentially obstruct the economic growth as well as damage the country's economic stability. The problem in question is the crime of corruption and money laundering and categorized as complex crimes. It takes the role of other actors besides the state who are believed that it is able to help accelerate the handling of these crimes, in this context is the role of the international regime. This argument at the same time also become the main reason of why Japan China comply to the international regime towards corruption and money laundering handling. This research aims to explain that Japan and China comply to the regime is caused by the national interest that the two countries want to achieve, in this case is the interest of increasing the economic strength of Japan and China.]]>
<![CDATA[Menghapus Jejak Kebijakan Masa Lalu: Perubahan Kebijakan AS terkait Isu pencurian Kekayaan Intelektual melalui Media Siber oleh Tiongkok ]]>
<![CDATA[Ramdhani, Hafrian Yusuf]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosyidin, Mohamad]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[This research aims to find out the reason why Donald Trump alter US approach regarding to China Cyber IP theft. Initially, US under Obama administration has reached an agreement on Cyber security issues. Both countries agreed to not conduct or support IP theft through internet. However, as Donald Trump assume Presidency, he prefer imposing tariff on China product due to China Cyber IP theft activity.in analyzing the case this research employ the concept Operational Code by Alexander George. According to George, actor needs beliefs to understand the world and selecting the best means to achieve his ends. This research will apply literature study for data collection and content analysis for data analysis. The main argument of this research is Donald Trump’s rivalry oriented Philosophical beliefs and aggressive instrumental beliefs as the main cause the tariff imposition]]>
<![CDATA[Sekuritisasi Migrasi Australia pada Masa Kepemimpinan Perdana Menteri Malcolm Turnbull ]]>
<![CDATA[Saraswati, Dinda Ayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Farabi, Nadia]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Humanitarian aspects on the issue of migration were re-introduced during the reign of Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull through the regional instrument of Bali Declaration. Although Australia has long ratified the 1951 UN Convention relating to the status of refugees, some of Australia's political efforts have previously been contrary to the principles of the convention. Therefore, this research intends to describe the process that forms political efforts during the reign of Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull and to determine the factors that shape the dynamics of perception regarding the issue of migration in Australia. To analyze the process, this research uses the concept of securitization with qualitative method and descriptive research by using literature review in data collection. The results show that during the reign of Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull the issue of migration was framed as a security issue by considering the balance between border protection and fulfillment of international obligations.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Sekuritisasi Uni Eropa terhadap Citizenship by Investment Program ]]>
<![CDATA[Budi Sutrisno, Kharisma Fatiratri]]>;
<![CDATA[Paramasatya, Satwika]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Many countries in the world run Citizenship by Investment Programs (CIP) including European Union member countries, namely Bulgaria, Cyprus and Malta. CIP can open opportunities for financial crimes such as money laundering, corruption and tax fraud. In the European Union itself this raises more problems when the rules relating to granting citizenship in the European Union stating that every citizen of an EU member state is an EU citizen. Therefore, the European Union carries out a securitization policy towards CIP. This study aims to explain the securitization process that has been carried out through the concept of securitization from Copenhagen School and Amitav Acharya's modified model framework which consists of six elements namely issue area, securitizing actors, security concept, process, outcome and conditions affecting securitization. The result showed that the European Union's securitization process on the issue of Citizenship by Investment Program had run quite well but there were obstacles. These obstacles are the prerogative of the state in granting and losing citizenship also the existence of desecuritization actors]]>
<![CDATA[KERJASAMA INDONESIA DAN INTERPOL DALAM PENANGGULANGAN ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED DAN UNREGULATED FISHING ]]>
<![CDATA[Inayati, Aisha]]>;
<![CDATA[Windiani, Reni]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[This thesis emerges from the phenomenon of cooperation between Indonesia and INTERPOL to tackle IUU fishing in Indonesia from 2015 to 2017. This study aims to analyze why Indonesia collaborates with INTERPOL in tackling IUU Fishing in 2015 - 2017. This research is an explanatory study using qualitative method with data obtained from secondary sources; namely books, journals, reports, and mass media. The scope of this research itself is from 2015 to 2017. For the analysis, this study uses the concept of international norms in constructivists which norms as a standard of behavior could influence state behavior. The international norm itself in its dissemination through three stages, namely the emergence norms, cascade norms and internationalization are then elaborated to answer the problem formulation in this study. The result of this research says that the international norm of IUU Fishing as Transanational crime was one of the factors that influenced Indonesia to cooperate with INTERPOL to tackling IUU fishing.]]>
<![CDATA[Kegagalan Upaya Mediasi Antara Armenia Dan Azerbaijan Dalam Konflik Nagorno-Karabakh ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatoni, Muhamad Afi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosyidin, Mohamad]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[After collapse of the Soviet Union, two small republics in the Caucasus region named Armenia and Azerbaijan were involved in a bloody conflict to fight for an autonomous region called Nagorno-Karabakh. The ceasefire finally succeeded with the help of mediation by Russia in 1994. Nonetheless, efforts to reach a peace agreement through the mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group have still not succeeded in achieving doubled progress. Both countries were questioned again engaging in fierce fighting for several years. This study uses the Conflict Triangle theory as a substitute for analyzing the dimensions of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict that is being developed with the process of mediation that has been carried out by the OSCE Minsk Group. The author assumes that currently the mediation carried out only focuses on repairing clothes. The results obtained from this study are that mediation carried out by the OSCE Minsk Group can focus on mediation at the government level only, meanwhile mediation at the community level (track-two diplomacy) relating to contributions related to cultural programs and climate change is not implemented at all , which resulted in a breakdown in the mediation of the reluctance of the public from both sides to compromise.]]>
<![CDATA[PEREMPUAN DAN TERORISME: KETIDAKHADIRAN FENOMENA FEMALE SUICIDE TERRORISM (FST) DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2009-2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Sholukhah, Robiatus]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyudi, Fendy Eko]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[FST is a phenomenon of the use of women in suicide attacks. In an era where female suicide terrorism (FST) is on the rise, but why this trend was absent in Indonesia. This study aims to analyzes the absence of women in Indonesian suicide terrorism in 2009 – 2015. Using feminist constructivism theory and the concept of women in the Javanese culture. There are three primary findings from this study that explain the absence of female suicide terrorism in Indonesia in 2009 – 2015. First, organizational analysis shows that terrorist groups in Indonesia view that women should be protected. In this view, men would not involve their wives in danger; second security standards of Indonesian terrorism group as secret organization prohibit its members from divulging their plans of action to anyone, including their wives and children, so jihad is only carried out by men; and third, the nature role of women in the Javanese culture as “macak, masak, and manak†that lead women to work in domestic area.]]>
<![CDATA[UNITED STATES’ UNWAVERING SUPPORT TO ISRAEL: BIASED FOREIGN POLICY IN ISRAEL-PALESTINE CONFLICT UNDER PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP’S ADMINISTRATION (2016-2019) ]]>
<![CDATA[Soekarno, Anisah Amalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Tri Cahyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[Human Rights has been a prominent topics in contemporary international relations. The United States has long been a leader in the development and enforcement of international Human Rights regime. But there are controversies on how The U.S. conduct its policies related to Human Rights. The international society has acknowledge U.S.’ double standard practices. This kind of attitudes can be found in regard of U.S. policy in Israel-Palestine conflict. For many years, despite its support towards human rights, the U.S. has been biased favoring Israel which reflected in its foreign policy related to this matter. The U.S. has supports whatever Israel do, backing its leader’s actions, and even protecting Israel from the accusation of Human Rights violations in international arena. This biased attitudes are far deeper under President Donald Trump’s administration. This research aims to analyze why this attitude happen and try to explain factors behind biased foreign policy conducted by the U.S. regarding Israel-Palestine conflict. This research will use Neoclassical Realism’s perspective in analyzing the factors behind U.S. unwavering supports towards Israel. The result of this research indicates that the U.S.’ foreign policy is influenced by systemic as well as domestic factors, which help to explain its biased attitudes in Israel-Palestine conflict that favor Israel.]]>
<![CDATA[UPAYA PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DAN WWF-INDONESIA DALAM MENANGGULANGI PENYELUNDUPAN TRENGGILING KE NEGARA TIONGKOK TAHUN 2013-2017 ]]>
<![CDATA[Sa'diyah, Chalimatus]]>;
<![CDATA[Pattipelohy, Shary Charlotte]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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<![CDATA[The issue of pangolin smuggling to China is still being concern of Indonesian government and various international and non-governmental organizations. One of the international non-governmental organization (INGO) that has a focus on the issue of animal smuggling is World Wide Fund Nature (WWF) - which is an independent foundation that has been registered in accordance with Indonesian law. WWF collaborates with various countries that uphold animal rights, one of which is Indonesia itself. The Indonesian government and World Wide Fund Nature will try to eradicate pangolin smuggling into China. This was done considering the increasing demand for anteater animals from Indonesia to China. This study would like to explain the efforts of the Indonesian government and WWF regarding pangolin smuggling using the approach of internastional cooperation and international organizations. This research argues that the efforts of Indonesia and WWF in responding to pangolin smuggling to China reflect the commitment of international organizations and international cooperation in which Indonesia is one of the country that upholds the value of cooperation between countries.]]>
