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Journal of International Relations Studies
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Education,
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Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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Articles 31 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022" : 31 Documents clear
Proses Integrasi Nasional Dalam Pembangunan Bangsa Ukraina: Merespon Momentum Euromaidan Andi Hilman Tejasuar; Marten Hanura
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Sejak merdekanya Ukraina di tahun 1991, garis polarisasi terbagi kedalam dua (2) prinsip yang saling berkontradiksi dan bersinggungan—prinsip Barat dengan gaya liberal haus akan perubahan versus prinsip Timur yang lebih konservatif cerminan sisi historis bangsa. Garis tersebut mempengaruhi semua isu, mulai dari isu sosial; bahasa, budaya, dan agama, hinga isu politik pemerintahan. Situasi ini mempengaruhi krisis identitas nasional Ukraina selama beberapa dekade diikuti melemahnya pemerataan pembangunan. Sejatinya, garis polarisasi di Ukraina sulit untuk hilang begitu saja karena telah terbentuk sejak lama. Gelombang demonstrasi Euromaidan yang sebetulnya disebabkan atas ketidakpuasan masyarakat terhadap rezim Viktor Yanukovych di tahun 2014—awalnya dipicu oleh masyarakat Ukraina bagian barat, berubah menjadi sebuah revolusi berskala nasional setelahnya. Intervensi asing yang terjadi pasca-Euromaidan mengancam keamanan bangsa. Ditengah semua konflik yang terjadi pasca-Euromaidan—aneksasi Krimea dan perang di Donbas, muncul sebuah harapan baru bagi Ukraina untuk membentuk integrasi nasional yang solid. Kepentingan mempertahankan hidup, kedaulatan, dan keamanan bangsa mengharuskan rakyat Ukraina untuk bersatu. Momentum ini akan mempengaruhi masa depan Ukraina selanjutnya, berkaitan dengan runtuhnya garis polarisasi, juga berkaitan dengan posisi Ukraina dalam sistem politik internasional.
Ketidakpatuhan Australia Terhadap Antarctic Treaty dengan Penempatan Militer di Antartika Fakhriza Naufal Rakin; Satwika Paramasatya
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This study aims to explain Australia's non-compliance with the Antarctic Treaty regime that they had previously ratified by placing military technology on the "peaceful" continent of Antarctica, which is the choice made by the Australian government at this time. Australia is one of the important figures in the Antarctic Treaty regime where Australia is a country that has the largest claim area in Antarctica and is a country that strongly promotes the Antarctic Treaty with the desire that Antarctica can become a continent that will only be used for peaceful purposes and research to advance science. But recently Australia took the decision to violate the rules of the regime that they had agreed to and ratified by disobeying the regime where Australia carried out military deployments and military technology in Antarctica which Australia did openly and knowingly that its actions had breaking the rules of the regime. The data collected in this study used the documentation method. This research will use the method of Compliance Theory and Rational Choice Theory. This research will try to explain Australia's non-compliance with the international regime it has ratified and promoted and the factors that drive its non-compliance.
Kebijakan Wajib Militer Universal Norwegia Sebagai Implementasi Nyata Kesetaraan Gender Vera Tesalonika Manik; Reni Windiani; Satwika Paramasatya
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Norway is one of the countries that is well-known for its achievements in gender equality. Alongside that, Norway is a country that implements the policy of Military Conscription for its defense. In 2013, Norway Parliament, namely Storting, adopted the Universal Conscription Policy. Through this policy, women consequently have the same responsibilities as men in joining the military service. In addition to that, there is no difference in the requirements set by the Norwegian Government for men and women in the Universal Conscription Policy. This article thus tries to explain the reasoning behind the establishment of the Universal Conscription Policy in Norway. The analysis is conducted through the perspective of feminism normative theory with qualitative research methods, specifically with discourse analysis. The result of this article shows that the formation of the Universal Conscription Policy in Norway is the impact of discursive practices carried out by the Norwegian Government related to the understanding of gender equality.
Pelanggaran HAM di Kashmir sebagai Dampak dari Sengketa Wilayah India-Pakistan Ines Florence Tabita Hutauruk; Mohamad Rosyidin; Satwika Paramasatya
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Kashmir is one of the areas currently in dispute between India and Pakistan which is often accompanied by rebellions in which the people of Kashmir are victims. This conflict has caused human rights violations because many Kashmiris have been subjected to violence and restrictions on rights, especially women in Kashmir who are often victims of rape. The purpose of this study is to find out why the Kashmir conflict has resulted in a lot of sexual violence against women in Kashmir. This study was analyzed qualitatively using the literature method obtained from books, scientific articles, journals and mass media relevant to this topic. Furthermore, this research will be processed using a congruent method that focuses on cause and effect and is presented in an explanatory manner. Several previous studies have focused more on the territorial dispute between India and Pakistan and the interests of the two countries and less on the impact of these disputes on the Kashmiri community, especially women. So the novelty of this research is to complement another perspective in viewing the territorial dispute between India and Pakistan which previously did not highlight its impact on the enforcement of human rights in Kashmir, especially women because previous research focused more on the causes of the conflict. This research will be prepared using the concept of war crimes and the theory of using rape as a war strategy. The efforts of India and Pakistan in fighting over the Kashmir region often lead to violence in the local community. The main argument of this study is that the prevalence of sexual violence in the Kashmir region is influenced by the use of rape as a war strategy.
Eksistensi Gerakan Boikot Produk Perancis sebagai Respon Terhadap Majalah Carlie Hebdo dan Islamophobia di Prancis Aulia Ayu Fernanda; Hermini Susiatiningsih; Muhammad Faizal Alfian
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Islamophobia has been rife in Europe, including in France, the emergence of Islamophobia has caused a lot of concern for Islamic communities in the world. The development of Islamophobic acts in France has resulted in a lot of chaos and negative sentiments by the world community, especially globally, towards French society. Until the emergence of Charlie Hebdo magazine which publishes a controversial article which is considered to be ridiculing the Prophet Muhammad, it has finally caused criticism for Muslims, especially in the Middle East. Muslims argue that what has been written in Charlie Hebdo magazine is blasphemy. Prophet Muhammad SAW is considered a role model for the Muslim community so no one should be able to give unfounded criticism. The people of the Middle East as a region with a Muslim majority finally responded to this phenomenon. In this paper, we will examine how the Middle East responds to the phenomenon carried out by Charlie Hebdo. This study uses the concept of a new social movement to see the movements carried out by the Middle East and the impact on the response of Muslim communities around the world.
Komunitas Epistemik dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri: Peran INACA dalam ASEAN Open Sky Auva Syiahnaz Rizky Shafira; Mohamad Rosyidin; Marten Hanura
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The implementation of infrastructure development in ASEAN economic cooperation in the realm of air and maritime transportation is the cornerstone of the establishment of the ASEAN Open Sky. In every policy-making, Indonesia opens access for interest groups, including the epistemic community who want to exert influence in foreign policy. The epistemic community is a network of professionals with recognized expertise and has the authority to propose or make policies on certain issues that are relevant to their knowledge. The objective of this research is to explain the role of the epistemic community in the making and implementation of foreign policy, in this case INACA in ASEAN Open Sky using constructivism theory. According to constructivism, epistemic communities have an important role in policy making and implementation, they can help to shape the interests and preferences of the state. This research uses the qualitative method and the data needed is obtained through primary and secondary resources by interviewing relevant organizations and reviewing relevant literatures, such as books, journals, news, and another online sources. The interview method was carried out online through questionnaires. This research shows that the role of the epistemic community in policy making is less significant caused by the domination of the government and lack of support for the research development process by the epistemic community.
AIR UNTUK TURKI, SURIAH, DAN IRAK: ANALISIS PENYEBAB TIDAK TERCAPAINYA WATER SHARING AGREEMENT NEGARA TEPI SUNGAI TIGRIS DAN EFRAT Aulianisa Rahma Dyah Rusyadi; Mohamad Rosyidin; Satwika Paramasatya
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Transboundary river as a common water source has influenced the relations between riparian states. Especially when natural conditions have a dry climate, which has the potential to pose a threat of water scarcity. The utilization of the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers by Turkiye, Syria, and Iraq, is one illustration of the situation. Driven to maximize the use of water from the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers, the three countries are building hydrological projects such as dams. The development of the GAP sustainable dams project by Turkiye has in fact triggered protests from Syria and Iraq. This condition is influenced by the absence of a water sharing agreement between the three countries, so that unilateral use is unavoidable. This research aims to analyze the cause of water sharing agreement that hasn’t been achieved betweenTurkiye, Syria, and Iraq. This research is qualitative research by explaining the phenomenon using the desk research method. Based on the results of the study using Neorealism, the main cause of the failure of water sharing agreement between Turkiye, Syria, and Iraq is the anarchic international structure which is characterized by the absence of authority over the state, in such a way that it has shaped the behavior of the Turkiye, Syria, and Iraq to rely on themself to survive and achieve national interests. This condition makes Turkey, Syria, and Iraq difficult, even reluctant to cooperate.
Analisis Kepentingan Nasional Uni Emirat Arab Dalam Normalisasi Hubungan Dengan Israel A Rizki Tahmi; Mohamad Rosyidin; Muhammad Faiza; Alfian
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The normalization of diplomatic relations between the UAE and Israel in 2020 is an event that has shocked the international community. As we know that the UAE and Israel have a not good history in international relations. Therefore, the normalization of relations is a big step for the foreign policy of the two countries. The normalization of diplomatic relations between the UAE and Israel gave birth to an agreement known as the Abraham Accords. This agreement is the basis for relations between the two countries which contains points of cooperation that will be carried out. The change in policy made by the UAE in normalizing this relationship is a characteristic aspect of global political dynamics. The UAE's national interest is one of the factors considered the reason for the normalization of diplomatic relations to occur. So the purpose of this study is to analyze the UAE's national interest in normalizing relations with Israel and the level of urgency of these interests. This research will use the National Interest Concept in the form of a National Interest Matrix. Based on the research conducted, the main argument of the author is that the normalization of diplomatic relations carried out by the UAE with Israel cannot be separated from the national interests of the UAE.
Tiongkok - Sri Lanka: Analisis Dampak Kehadiran Tiongkok di Sri Lanka Ellya Yunita Aslam; Reni Windiani; Fendy Eko Wahyudi
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The civil war that occurred between etnic Sinhala and ethnic Tamil in Sri Lanka provided an opportunity for China to be present by using foreign aid instrument. The expansion of foreign aid from China through foreign loans aims to support Sri Lanka in building its infrastructure development. The Chinese foreign loans every year gives Sri Lanka a tendency to experience a condition of dependence. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing Sri Lanka’s dependence on China and how the impact as a result of this dependence relations. This study analyzes using dependency theory combined with the concept of foreign aid and uses qualitative methods. The results of this study indicate that there is a condition of Sri Lanka’s dependence on China with China’s success in expanding its economic influence in Sri Lanka.
Peran Rezim Internasional International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) dalam Penanganan Kasus Penembakan Pesawat Sipil Ukraina oleh Militer Iran Januari 2020 Ardianti Mawardika; Mohamad Rosyidin; Muhammad Faizal Alfian
Journal of International Relations Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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The development of the aviation world is growing rapidly and often involves crossing national borders, so international civil aviation security standards are needed to remain safe and under control. Chicago Convention 1944 became the pioneer to the formation of the International Civil Aviation Organization which is an Organization of International Civil Aviation with a standard rules and practices under the Chicago Convention. As an international civil aviation organization, ICAO has binding rules for its member countries to then be implemented in domestic regulations. January 2020 Iranian military fired missiles at PS752 which is an international civilian aircraft of Ukraine. As an ICAO member country, Iran should have reported to ICAO for the shootings that had occurred. By using the International Regime Effectiveness Theory according to Underdal, this paper aims to determine the role of the ICAO Regime in Handling the PS752 Shooting. The result of this research is an analysis of the effectiveness level of ICAO as the International Regime of International Civil Aviation.

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