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LenteraBio
Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya
ISSN : 22523979     EISSN : 26857871     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 281 Documents
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PENYERAPAN LOGAM TIMBAL (PB) DAN KADAR KLOROFIL ELODEA CANADENSIS PADA LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK PULP DAN KERTAS NOVITA,
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

Salah satu industri yang menghasilkan limbah cair yang mengandung logam berat timbal (Pb) adalah industri pulp dan kertas. Kadar timbal (Pb) pada limbah cair yang dibuang ke perairan melebihi ambang batas yang telah ditentukan, sehingga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran air. Elodea canadensis merupakan tumbuhan yang menyerap logam timbal (Pb) dalam perairan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Elodea canadensis dalam menyerap timbal (Pb) pada limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas serta pengaruhnya terhadap kadar klorofil total Elodea canadensis. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu biomassa Elodea canadensis (20 g dan 30 g) dan waktu detensi (10 hari dan 20 hari). Kedua faktor tersebut diulang 6 kali sehingga menghasilkan 24 kombinasi perlakuan. Parameter penelitian meliputi penyerapan Pb pada Elodea canadensis , penurunan kadar Pb pada limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas, dan kadar klorofil total Elodea canadensis. Analisis Pb dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan spektofotometer serapan atom (SSA) di Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan (BBLK) Surabaya, sedangkan klorofil total secara kuantitatif dengan spektofotometer di Laboratorium Fisiologi Jurusan Biologi UNESA.  Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan analisis varian dua arah dan dilanjutkan uji BNT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan pengaruh biomassa dan lama waktu detensi terhadap kemampuan Elodea canadensis dalam menyerap logam Pb, penurunan kadar Pb pada limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas, dan perubahan kadar klorofil total Elodea canadensis. Ada perbedaan pengaruh interaksi biomassa dan lama waktu detensi pada kemampuan Elodea canadensis dalam menyerap logam Pb dan perubahan kadar klorofil total Elodea canadensis. Namun tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh interaksi pemberian biomassa dan lama waktu detensi pada penurunan kadar Pb pada limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas. Perlakuan yang efektif terhadap penyerapan logam timbal dan penurunan kadar Pb pada limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas yaitu perlakuan biomassa 30 g dan waktu detensi 20 hari dengan penyerapan pada Elodea canadensis sebesar 0,144 mg/kg dan penurunan Pb pada limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas sebesar 99,32%. Perubahan kadar klorofil total terbesar akibat pemberian limbah cair pabrik pulp dan kertas terjadi pada perlakuan biomassa 30 g dan waktu detensi 20 hari yaitu dengan penurunan kadar klorofil total sebesar yaitu 2,152 mg/l.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS PLUCHEA INDICA L. TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN GULMA MENIRAN (PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI L.) DAN TANAMAN KACANG HIJAU (PHASEOLUS RADIATUS L.) FIDIAH ASTUTIK, ANIS Fidiah
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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The aim of this study was to determine differences on the growth of weed P. niruri L. and P. radiatus L. due to the extract of the leaves of P. indica L. with different concentrations. The experiment was conducted at the green house. The Completely Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with one variable was used in this study, ie the concentration variable. The concentrations of leaves extract of P. indica L. were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The growth parameters of P. radiatus L. and P. niruri L. measured were the height of the plant, the length of the root and the biomass of the plants. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of descriptive using charts to determine the growth of P. radiatus and P. niruri. The results of this research showed that there was difference on the growth of both plants were affected by leaves extract of P. indica L. with different concentrations. The growth inhibition of P. niruri was greater than P. radiatus. The concentrations of leaves extract of P. indica showed that growth inhibition of P. niruri L. was 2%.
PENGARUH PUPUK KOMPOS BERBAHAN CAMPURAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU, DAUN LAMTORO DAN ISI RUMEN SAPI SEBAGAI MEDIA KULTUR TERHADAP KEPADATAN POPULASI SPIRULINA SP. RAHMAWATI, NURYANI
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

Most of farmer still use inorganic fertilizer even chemistry on the long term will bad affect to environment because it can?t be recycle to return. Therefore we need a natural alternative fertilizer that didn?t have bad affect to environment but can optimize Spirulina sp. reproduction. It was compost fertilizer materialized by mixture of liquid waste of soybean curd, lamtoro leaf and content of cow rument. This research have a purpose to know the content of  N, P and K substance in compost fertilizer materialized by mixture of liquid waste of soybean curd, lamtoro leaf and content of cow rument ; to know the influence of adding compost to the population solidity of Spirulina sp. ; and to know the relative growth rate of Spirulina sp. population after adding compost fertilizer.This research consist of two stage, the first stage made compost fertilizer materialized by mixture of liquid waste of soybean curd, lamtoro leaf and content of cow rument which is descriptive research. The second stage was the application of compost fertilizer as culture media of Spirulina sp. which is experimental research. This research used The Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 factors treatment consentration. The consentration was : 6,412 g/10L;  9,618 g/10L ; 12,824 g/10L dan 16,03 g/10L. Beside that this research was used Urea 0,8 g/10L and TSP 0,3 g/10L as a control. The measured parameter in this research is the population solidity of Spirulina sp. and the relative growth rate of Spirulina sp. population.The result showed that the substance content of N, P and K in compost fertilizer materialized by mixture of liquid waste of soybean curd, lamtoro leaf and content of cow rument that used in this research was high, such as N = 2,64% ; P = 1,56% ; K = 1,17%. The difference of compost fertilizer gived influence to the population solidity of Spirulina sp., expecially in stationary phase. Each of this treatment shows different pattern of growth, also different relative growth rate of Spirulina sp.
KERUSAKAN INSANG DAN PERTUMBUHAN UDANG WINDU (PENAEUS MONODON FAB.) DI TAMBAK KEPUTIH SURABAYA YANG TERCEMAR LOGAM TIMBAL (PB) UMAMI, FAUZIATUL
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

Keputih Surabaya is a coastal area that most of people livelihood as farmers. Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.) is one of the organisms are cultivated in fishponds Keputih Surabaya. That fishponds has been known contaminated by lead (Pb). One of the lead (Pb) entry mechanisms into the shrimp is through the gills. Therefore, needs to be seen shrimp gill damage caused by the lead (Pb) metal. This research conduct to determine levels of lead (Pb) in water, sediment and tiger shrimp, gill damage and the growth of shrimp in fishponds that is contaminated by lead (Pb). This research is the observation that take samples from 3 stations. Each station is taken water, sediment, and tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.). To determine the levels of lead (Pb) is used Analysis Atomic Absorption (AAS) method at Balai Besar Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pemberantasan Penyakit Menular (BTKL) Surabaya Laboratory. Tiger shrimp gill preparations made by the method of preservation microtehnique Haematoxylin-Eosin staining in the Pathology Laboratory Airlangga University, Surabaya. The data that is obtained were analyzed descriptively and compared with the quality standards based on Government Regulation no. 82 of 2001 about Water Quality and Water Pollution Control. The results showed levels of Pb in the water 0,1903 ppm and 5,146 ppm sediment, those results exceed the quality standards (> 0,03 ppm), and 6,6104 ppm in tiger shrimp exceeds the quality standard (> 0,5 ppm). Gill damage exposure lead (Pb) is necrosis, congestion and rupture secondary filaments. Tiger shrimp growth is inhibited, because adult shrimp reaches length is 33 cm and weight 20-35 grams. Keputih Surabaya fishpond water quality except temperature and pH are not in accordance with requirements of growth and development of the shrimp.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF ORANGE (CITRUS SP.) TO THE REDUCTION OF PB (LEAD) AND CD (CADMIUM) HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION ON WHITE SHRIMP (PANAEUS MARGUIENSIS) SASTRA SETIAWAN, TEGGUH Sastra
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

The results of research Wahyudi (2010) which states that the white shrimp are found in Gesek coastal Sedati-Sidoarjo that polluted heavy metal of Pb at 0.75 mg / kg and Cd of 0.18 mg / kg. Hence, the white shrimp is not safe to be consumed people. The aim of this study was to reduce of concentrations of Pb (Lead) and Cd (Cadmium) heavy metals on the white shrimp with various type of orange. The Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with two variables was used in this study, ie the types of orange (Citrus sp.) and the concentrations variable (50% and 100%). The results obtained from this research that the final of concentrations of Pb (Lead) and Cd (Cadmium) heavy metals on white shrimp after immersion lime and lemon with different concentrations (50% and 100%). ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophometer) was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals on the body of the white shrimp and the experiment was conducted at the laboratory of  the Energy and Engineering study ITS. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance two-way (ANAVA). The results of this research showed that there was no difference on the types of both oranges and the concentrations of orange (100% and 50%) to  reduction of the concentrations of heavy metals on the body of the white shrimp (Panaeus marguensis).
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI KOMBINASI KONSENTRASI SUKROSA DAN KINETIN TERHADAP INDUKSI UMBI MIKRO KENTANG (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) KULTIVAR GRANOLA KEMBANG SECARA IN-VITRO NI MAH, FATRIYATUN
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) kultivar Granola Kembang merupakan tanaman kentang kultivar unggul, produktivitas tinggi, cocok untuk dikembangkan di Jawa Timur dan direkomendasikan oleh pemerintah Jawa Timur. Namun, karena terjadinya degenerasi (penurunan kualitas bibit), akibatnya produksi kentang di Indonesia baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya rendah dan ketersediannya belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan petani. Me­lalui teknik kultur jaringan diproduksi umbi mikro kentang sebagai salah satu propagul kentang untuk penyediaan bibit dengan pemberian berbagai kombinasi konsentrasi sukrosa dan kinetin. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai kombinasi konsentrasi sukrosa dan kinetin dan mendapatkan kombinasi konsentrasi sukrosa dan kinetin yang optimum dalam menginduksi umbi mikro kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) kultivar Granola Kembang secara in-vitro. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu parameter yaitu pemberian kombinasi konsentrasi sukrosa dan kinetin, yaitu A1 = 40g?l  sukrosa + 3mg?l kinetin; A2 = MS + 40g?l  sukrosa + 5mg?l kinetin; A3 = MS + 40g?l  sukrosa + 7mg?l kinetin; B1 = MS + 60 g?l  sukrosa + 3mg?l kinetin; B2 = MS + 60 g?l  sukrosa + 5mg?l kinetin; B3 = MS + 60 g?l  sukrosa + 7mg?l kinetin; C1 = MS + 80g?l  sukrosa + 3mg?l kinetin; C2 = MS + 80g?l  sukrosa + 5mg?l kinetin; C3 = MS + 80g?l  sukrosa + 7mg?l kinetin. Perlakuan ini diulang 3 kali. parameter yang diamati jumlahtunas, jumlah nodus, kecepatan waktu induksi umbi mikro, jumlah umbi mikro, dan berat basah umbi mikro. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan uji ANAVA satu arah dan apabila terdapat perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi konsentrasi 80g?l sukrosa dan 7mg?l kinetin pada medium MS merupakan perlakuan yang optimum dalam menginduksi umbi mikro kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) kultivar Granola Kembang secara in-vitro.
INDUKSI DAN PERTUMBUHAN KALUS BATANG MELATI (JASMINUM SAMBAC) PADA MEDIA MS DENGAN PENAMBAHAN GIBERELIN NURMALITA SARI YULIA, EKA Nurmalita-Sari
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Plants jasmine (Jasminum sambac) is a plant that has many benefits in agriculture and health, because they contain tannin, volatile oil, hesperidin, daucosterol and essential oil. Propagation techniques traditionally jasmine by stem cuttings are many obstacles encountered among others, the quality of seedlings produced less good, percentage of rooted cuttings and sprout is not too much. This problem can be overcome by tissue culture. The purpose of this study was to determine  the effect of various gibberellins concentration on callus induction and growth (long induction, callus mass and texture of the callus) internodus jasmine (Jasminum sambac). This research method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with one parameter namely the addition of an organizing growing gibberellins with 5 different concentration are, 6 ppm, 5,5 ppm, 5 ppm, 4,5 ppm, and 4 ppm. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. Parameters observed was old callus induction, callus mass, and texture of the callus. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis and test one way anova and if there is a difference followed by Duncan test. The results showed that treatment C at a concentration of 5 ppm can result in the fastest time of induction, the greatest mass and produced callus friable  texture.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JENIS PUPUK YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP LAJU PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI DAN KADAR LEMAK NANNOCHLOROPSIS OCULATA SHOLIKHAH PUSPITA S., AMALIA Solikhah-Puspita
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae is often cultivated for natural food. However, vegetable fat which is contained in this microalgae can be used as bioenergy. Different nutrients can give different effects on population growth rate and fat contain of this microalgae. This experiment?s aims are to know the effect of different types of fertilizer on population growth rate and fat contain of N. oculata microalgae. This is an experimental research with density of N. oculata is 2 × 106 cell/ml as the target of research which is cultured in different types of fertilizers treatment, these are technical fertilizer from BBAP Situbondo (TG), Walne, Guillard and Ryther Modified F and Allen-Miquel fertilizers. Each nutrient fertilizer was did a Nitrogen unsure equivalency with macro nutrient in technical fertilizer (control treatment). The equivalent is 0.01 mol / liter. The design of this research is is a Randomized Completely Block Desaign with four treatment and six replication, so there are 24 units research sample. The data in this research are the population growth rate and the fat contain of N. oculata. Population growth rate data is tested its normality by Kolmogorov-Smirnov Normality, then it is analyzed by One-Way Analisys of Variance test and continued by LSD. The analysis is described descriptively, while the data of N. oculataI?s fat contain were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the giving of different types of fertilizer effect on population growth rate and fat contain of N. oculata. Treatment of giving Allen-Miquel fertilizer is the best treatment with the average population growth rate is 0.393 and the average fat contain is 45% of 3 grams sample or 1.35 grams. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that Allen-Miquel fertilizer can raise the population growth rate and fat contain of N. oculata that used for bioenergy.
ANALISIS KADAR TIMBAL (PB) DAN KADMIUM (CD) PADA UDANG PUTIH (PENAEUS MARGUIENSIS) DI PANTAI GESEK SEDATI SIDOARJO TRIWAHYUDI DEDDY NOVIANTO, RIO T.W.D.
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Pantai Gesek Sedati Sidoarjo merupakan daerah pesisir, sebagian besar mata pencaharian masyarakatnya sebagai nelayan. Hasil utamanya berupa udang putih (Penaeus marguienis). Pantai tersebut merupakan tempat bermuaranya tiga sungai yaitu Sungai Gedangan, Sungai Waru, dan Sungai Pondok Candra yang mempunyai potensi sebagai penghasil limbah yang mengandung logam berat timbal (Pb) dan kadmium (Cd) yang dapat mencemari perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar timbal (Pb) dan kadmium (Cd) pada udang putih (Penaeus marguienis), air, dan sedimen di Pantai Gesek Sedati Sidoarjo melalui observasi lapangan. Penelitian ini merupakan observasi, yaitu mengambil sampel dari tiga stasiun. Setiap stasiun diambil udang putih (Penaeus marguienis), air dan sedimen. Untuk menentukan kadar timbal (Pb) dan kadmium (Cd) digunakan metode Analisis Atom Serapan (AAS) yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknologi Air dan Industri ITS Surabaya. Untuk analisis kualitas air dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekologi UNESA. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif yakni membandingkan dengan standar baku mutu berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup KepMen LH No. 51 Tahun 2004 tentang baku mutu air laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan februari 2010. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar timbal (Pb) dan kadmium (Cd) pada udang putih (Penaeus marguienis) sebesar 0,75 ppm dan 0,18 ppm, sehingga melampaui baku mutu yang diperbolehkan untuk Pb sebesar 0,008 ppm dan Cd sebesar 0,001 ppm. Pada air sebesar 0,60 ppm dan 0,21 ppm, sehingga melampaui baku mutu yang diperbolehkan untuk Pb sebesar 0,05 ppm dan Cd sebesar 0,01 ppm. Pada sedimen sebesar 0,40 ppm dan 0,15 ppm, sehingga masih berada di bawah standar baku mutu yang diperbolehkan untuk Pb sebesar 70 ppm dan Cd sebesar 1-2 ppm.
STRUKTUR MORFOLOGI DAN ANATOMI SYRINGODIUM ISOETIFOLIUM DI PANTAI KONDANG MERAK MALANG FRASIANDINI, INTAN
LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Syringodium issoetifolium merupakan tumbuhan tingkat tinggi (Angiospermae) yang mampu  beradaptasi untuk dapat hidup terbenam di laut sampai kedalaman 8-15 meter dan 40  meter di bawah permukaan laut di perairan tenang dan terlindung, serta sangat bergantung pada cahaya matahari yang masuk ke perairan. S. isoetifolium merupakan tumbuhan laut monokotil yang memiliki perkembangan daun, sistem perakaran dan batang yang lengkap. Kemampuan S. isoetifolium berkembang biak di perairan laut, karena mempunyai struktur morfologi dan anatomi yang khusus sehingga dilakukan penelitian mengenai S isoetifolium. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian observasional. Analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini yang dikaji karakteristik morfologi akar yang diteliti ialah sistem perakaran, sedangkan karakteristik anatomi yang diteliti ialah struktur epidermis, struktur mesofil, dan struktur berkas pembuluh. Karakteristik morfologi batang yang diteliti ialah bentuk batang dan posisi batang, sedangkan karakteristik anatomi yang diteliti ialah struktur epidermis, struktur korteks, struktur berkas pembuluh .Karakteristik struktur morfologi daun meliputi bangun daun, bentuk ujung daun, pangkal daun dan pelepah daun, sedangkan karakteristik anatomi yang diteliti ialah struktur epidermis, struktur mesofil, struktur berkas pembuluh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur morfologi dan struktur anatomi yang dimiliki oleh S issoetifolium ialah akar berupa akar serabut dan memiliki struktur anatomi berupa lapisan epidermis yang mempunyai trikhoblast, lapisan eksodermis, lapisan korteks, lapisan endodermis, dan berkas pembuluh utama yang terletak secara radial. Batang S. isoetifolium merebah, struktur anatomi batang dari S. isoetifolium berupa lapisan epidermis selapis, lapisan korteks yang mempunyai berkas pembuluh kecil yang menyebar secara melingkar bertipe konsentris amfikribal, berkas pembuluh utama terletak secara konsentris amfikribal. S. isoetifolium mempunyai bangun daun acicular dengan ujung daun runcing, pangkal daun runcing memiliki ligula dan memiliki pelepah, struktur anatomi daun S. isoetifolium berupa lapisan kutikula yang tipis dan berklorofil, lapisan epidermis, jaringan mesofil yang kaya akan kloroplas dan terdapat berkas pembuluh kecil yang menyebar sebanyak delapan buah, serta berkas pembuluh utama terletak secara konsentris  amfikribal.

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