Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
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Pharyngeal tuberculosis. A care report.
Supomo Sukardono, Supomo Sukardono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
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Pharyngeal tuberculosis is a rarely diagnosed case or it is frequently ignored and confused with other diseases such as midline granuloma and fungal infections.Pharyngeal tuberculosis generally follows pulmonary tuberculosis while the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis is still high.This report showed a male with distinct symptoms such as painful swallowing for 5 months and had small and shallow ulcers with rough edge and granulation tissue at the base, pale mucosa at the dorsal wall of pharynx, tonsils and soft palate. The differential diagnosis were midline granuloma, fungal infection and pharyngeal tuberculosis.The appropriate diagnosis of pharyngeal tuberculosis could be confirmed by the finding of a positive acid fast bacteria test or histopathological examination which showed pharyngeal tuberculosis. The patient was referred to the Pulmonary Disease Unit for treatment. After one month treatment the clinical features were better.Key words : tuberculosis - midline granuloma - fungal infection - pulmonary tuberculosis
Renoprotective effects of calcium antagonists on kidney disease
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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There has been a growing number of evidence that calcium antagonists provide a salutary effects in preserving kidneys against acute renal ischemia in patients at increasing risk. Their beneficial effects on cellular and mitochondrial calcium may explain the effects on renal hemodynamics and metabolics. It seems, that they do not directly vasodilate kidney vessels but alter the response towards vasoconstrictor agents. This effect may mediate diuretic and natriuretic effect of calcium antagonists. Effects on tubuloglomerular feedback and autoregulation mechanism in the kidneys play an important role in this regards. The above mentioned effects may provide a significant kidney protection and retard the progress of kidney disease.The results of recent studies show that calcium antagonists exert potentially. beneficial effects on several clinical settings including radiocontrast-induced nephrotoxicity and transplant-associated renal insufficiency, particularly cyclosporine A nephrotoxicity and ischemia during harvesting of kidneys.Key words: kidney disease - calcium antagonists renoprotective - hemodynamics - kidney function
Influence of Norplant on T3, T4 and TSH concentration in acceptor in endemic goiter area
Zainal Arifin Nang Agus, Zainal Arifin Nang Agus
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Norplant contains a potent progesteron, namely levonorgestrel. It induces iodine excretion in urine and simultaneously stimulates the thyroid function.The objectives of this study were to examine the T3, T4 and TSH concentration of the Norplant acceptors for 3 months. The subjects were 8 acceptors of Norplant taken from an endemic goiter area in Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta.The results of this study showed that T3, T4 and TSH were in normal range but they were in the low level. Three months after using Norplant, T3 and T4 level increased, but they are not significant (p>0,05). On the other hand, T4 level decreased significantly (p<0,05). Based on those data, there is an early stage of hipothyroid. It is strongly suggested that it would be much better if similar study could be conducted in longer time period.Key words: Norplant - T3, T4 and TSH - endemic goiter - hypothyroidism
Detection of fetal growth retardation : diagnostic agreement between measurement of uterine fundal height with measurement of fetal biometry using ultrasonography
Ricardi W. Alibasjah, Ricardi W. Alibasjah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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This study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic agreement between measurement of uterine fundal height with measurement of fetal biometry detecting intrauterine fetal growth retardation.The study consisted of two phases, i.e. determination of standard of uterine fundal height and a test of the standard against ultrasonography, that was currently regarded the most reliable tool in the detection of intrauterine fetal growth retardation. Data was analyzed using agreement analysis with Kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient.The first phase showed a standard curve for the growth of uterine fundal height at 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles. This curve was constructed from 1,024 measurements of uterine fundal height on 487 pregnant mothers at 24-42 weeks of gestational age visiting antenatal clinics at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, from 21 March to 4 June 1992. There was a positive correlation between gestational age and uterine fundal height (r=0.7362, p<0.01). The average gain in uterine fundal height was 0.7 cm per week, with a steep increase at 24th to 36th week of gestational age and a tendency to level-off after that.Agreement of the diagnosis was tested on 85 mothers living in Lendah Subdistrict, Kulon Progo District, who at the time of the study were 24-40 weeks pregnant. Eight mothers were found to have intrauterine growth retarded infants, either using uterine fundal height measurement with under 10th percentile criteria of abnormality, or ultrasonography. There was a perfect agreement between the two in the detection of intrauterine growth retardation (Kappa=1, p<0.001) and an excellent correlation between uterine fundal height measurement and the measurement of fetal biometry (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.8655).It was concluded that uterine fundal height measurement represented an excellent alternative in the monitoring of fetal growth and the detection of intrauterine fetal growth retardation starting from 24th week of gestational age.Key words: intrauterine fetal growth retardation - uterine fundal height - ultrasonography - agreement analysisÂ
Infection post debridement before and after golden period of open fracture of the lower leg grade Ill A and Ill B.
Armis, Armis
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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All open fractures especially open fracture of the lower leg grade III A and III B, should be assumed to be contaminated, therefore they tend to be infected. The time of intervention is one of the risk factors of infection complication.A descriptive analysis has been conducted aiming at evaluate the occurrence of infection and the time of treatment on patients with open fracture of the lower leg grade III A and III B. In this study 102 cases (80 males and 22 females) who had open fracture of the lower leg grade III A and III B were admitted to Dr. Sardjito General hospital, Yogyakarta. Patients were evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of fifty-four cases underwent intervention before 8 hours after injury (within golden period) 25 cases (46,29%) had been infected. The rest (48 cases) who had treatment after 8 hours since trauma, 83,33% (40 cases) were infected.A statistical analysis (X2 = 13,520, df=1 and p < 0,001) showed that there was significant difference of infection complication of open fracture of the lower leg grade III A and III B and the intervention between within and beyond golden period.Key words: open fracture - tibia fracture - infection - golden period - debridement
Characterization of a monoclonal antibody against surface coat of infective larvae of Brugia malayi.
Soeyoko, Soeyoko
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Malayan filariasis is an important public health problem in Indonesia. A diagnosis of filariasis is normally based on clinical, parasitological and immunological examinations but the methods have limitations. There is an urgent need to improve immunodiagnostic techniques for malayan filariasis using monoclonal antibodies to detect circulating antigen. Recently, many types of monoclonal antibodies have been produced following immunization of mice with various stages of filarial antigens. Those monoclonal antibodies have different characteristics.The objective of this study was to explore the characteristic of specific monoclonal antibodies against the surface coat of infective stages of Brugia malayi larvae.This monoclonal antibody recognized antigen of 40.000 MW protein which is present among the antigens of surface coat of Brugia malayi larvae, as detected by an immunoblotting technique. Classification using EUSA techniques indicates that those antibodies are IgGi, IgG2b and IgG3 subclasses. In addition, these antibodies also demonstrate a low level reactivity with surface antigen of Brugia pahangi, Ascaris lumbricoides and hookwormKey words : surface coat - infective larvae - monoclonal antibody - circulating antigen - Brugia malayi
Potency of sunscreen of cinnamat and benzophenon combination in various concentrations
Dewi Martini, Dewi Martini
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada
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This study was aimed at determining the effect of dilution of active ingredients of chemical sunscreen consisting of octyl-methoxy cinnamate and benzophenon-3 on its potency, in terms of SPF (sun-protection factor) and APF (UV-A protection factor).Factors of sun & UV-A protection factor had been tested in the Laboratory of Photobiology, Department of Dermato-Venereology Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, involving 45 people who were voluntarily participating in the study of sun-protection Factor and 22 people in the study of UV-A protection factor.The results showed that there was a significant correlation between APF of the chemical sunscreen and dilution of the active ingredients, but unseen for SPF. No differences in the potency of cream and lotion sunscreens. Based on this study, it is recommended that all concentration of these sunscreens can be used by Indonesians.Key words : cinnamate - benzophenon - sunscreen - sun protection factor - UV-A protection factorÂ
Analysis of haplotype associated with mutation in a-thalassemia
Sunarto, Sunarto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
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B-thalassemia is mainly caused by point mutation of B-gene. There are more than 130 mutations, while only a little more than 20 haplotypes in B-gene. Many types of mutation are assosiated with one haplotype. On the other hand, one type of mutation may be associated with more than one chromosome haplotypes. The association of mutation and haplotype raises many questions. An analysis of haplotype has proved to be very useful to discover many aspects of thalassemia. The occurrence of certain mutation in a population might be predicted from the common haplotype of the population. Haplotype has been used to answer the question whether a certain mutation has multiple or single origin; for example the multiple origin of BE-gene in Cambodian population and the single origin of codon 39(CAG -+TAG) are associated with nine different haplotypes in Sardinia. It is suggested that haplotype probably influences the manifestation of thalassemia resulting in thalassemia intermedia.Key words : thalassemia - haplotype - point mutation - recombination - phenotype
T cell and B cell reactivities of leprosy patients and their contacts against antigens or epitopes Mycobacterium leprae
Hardyanto Soebono, Hardyanto Soebono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
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This study was aimed at evaluating the T cell and B cell reactivity against Mycobacterium leprae antigens or epitopes among leprosy patients and their household contacts in the Indonesian population. Through this study, M. leprae epitopes (either protective or suppresive) will be identified and hopefully proved useful for the development of an effective leprosy vaccine in the future.Fifty-nine leprosy patients consisting of 34 tuberculoid type (TT/BT) and 24 lepromatous type (LUBL) at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta and 50 household contacts were recruited for this study. After the informed consent was given, 20 ml venous blood was drawn from each subject for assays of the T cell and B cell reactivities. The T cell reactivity was tested by lymphocyte transformation (LTT) and the B cell reactivity was tested serologically by EUSA. M. leprae antigen, PGL-1 and some recombinant proteins (65 kD, 30 kD, 45 kD and 43 kD) were used as antigens in both assays. In addition, Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and lnterleukin-2 (IL-2) were used as mitogens in the LTT. Statistical analysis was done by using One way ANOVA and Chi-square tests.The results showed that cellular immune deficiency in LUBL patients was found to be specific to the M. leprae antigen, but not to mitogens and other antigens. The T-lymphocyte of the patients (either TT/BT or LUBL) and healthy contacts demonstrated very low reactivities againts all recombinant antigens. On the other hand, the sera of LL/BL leprosy patients reacted significantly against all antigens, most strikingly against PGL-I and 43 recombinant protein of M. leprae. Whereas, the sera of TT/BT patients and healthy contacts showed no or least reactivity against those antigens. These data indicate that although in a small proportion M. leprae recombinant proteins of 65 kD, 30 kD, 45 kD and 43 kD are recognized by T-cell of leprosy patients and healthy contacts. These antigens contain more B-cell epitopes rather than T-cell epitopes. So, these antigens should be eliminated. as soon as a possible candidate in the development of any leprosy vaccine.Key words: leprosy - T-cell and B-cell - Mycobacterium leprae antigen - ELISA - tuberculoid and lepromatouse types