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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula" : 10 Documents clear
Literature Review: Kejadian Resistensi Pada Penggunaan Antibiotik Cindy Ivana Putri; M.Fitra Wardhana; Femmy Andrifianie; Muhammad Iqbal
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.629

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is the ability of microorganisms to inhibit the action of antimicrobial agents and this phenomenon occurs when antibiotics lose their efficiency to inhibit bacterial growth. The increasing use of antibiotics in various health and agricultural sectors has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance worldwide. Its irrational use can cause several problems. This incident causes antibiotic therapy to be no longer efficient and increases the cost of therapy. This resistance occurs in several types of microorganisms with a high prevalence that threatens human health. Antibiotic resistance can arise from mutations in pre-existing bacterial genomes. Mutations due to the external environment make a smaller contribution to the occurrence of resistance. Therefore, this literature review aims to provide an overview of the incidence of resistance in the use of antibiotics. The literature search was carried out using the Pubmed, Google Scholar and Mendeley electronic databases. The inclusion criteria in writing this literature review are articles in Indonesian and English with a range of article publications in the last 10 years (2013-2022). Research articles that cannot be accessed completely will be excluded. Overall the studies found and analyzed reported the incidence of resistance to the use of antibiotics. Almost all studies describe the percentage of occurrence of antibiotic resistance against certain bacteria. The increasing use of antibiotics has created high evolutionary pressure for the emergence of antibiotic resistance for bacterial survival.
Nutrasetikal Sebagai Terapi Komplementer Pada Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Era Yesica Damanik; Mirza Junando; Muhammad Fitra Wardhana
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.630

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is known as a type of major depression characterized by altered mood, impaired cognitive function, anhedonia (inability to be able to feel pleasure), vegetative disorders such as insomnia, and fatigue or anorexia. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide, as well as one of the most disabling. The current treatment is inadequate so that about two-thirds of those treated with first-line antidepressants do not achieve remission. A therapeutic approach using nutraceutical can improve the response to cases of resistance in antidepressants. Nutraceutical is used as the prevention and treatment of various diseases or neurological disorders without or minimal side effects. A therapeutic approach using nutraceutical can improve the response to cases of resistance in antidepressants by targeting neurobiological pathways associated with the pathophysiology of depression. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the nutraceutical that can be consumed as complementary therapies of major depressive disorder (MDD). The source search method is done through the Google Scholar and Pubmed search engines. The results of the search found several nutraceutical, namely Probiotics, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFAs), Vitamin D, S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and Lactobacillus Plantarum HRAL9 have antidepressant activity. Nutraceutical has the potential to be a complementary therapy in effective major depressive disorder (MDD) therapy.
Covid 19 with Kidney Failure Arsistya Ayu Marella; Khairun Nisa Berawi; Fitria Saftarina
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.632

Abstract

Corona virus disease 2019 or commonly called COVID-19 is a disease caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is one of the biggest challenges facing humanity in recent years. This disease is highly contagious with various manifestations and complications and poses a threat to public health. This virus can infect a large number of organs, including the lungs and upper respiratory tract, brain, liver, kidneys, intestines and many others. Although the greatest damage occurs in the lungs, the kidneys are no exception, and acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur in patients with COVID-19. AKI is one of the most frequent and serious organic complications of COVID-19. The incidence of COVID-19 AKI. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many patients were hospitalized with severe respiratory illnesses and experienced complications. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the more dangerous complications that contributes to morbidity and mortality among patients. Kidney damage can occur due to direct attack by the virus itself, or due to a cytokine storm caused by an abnormality of the immune system. Hypotension or dehydration, hypoxaemia, sepsis and nephrotoxic drugs can also cause kidney failure. This research method begins by searching articles on Google Scholar, pubmed and ncbi within the year range determined by the researchers and using the keywords COVID-19, kidney failure, complications of kidney failure in COVID-19 patients. The results of the study found articles about producing several conclusions such as the effect of kidney failure on COVID-19 patients, then the long-term effects on the kidneys of patients with COVID-19.
Konjungtivitis dan COVID-19 Rifqi Fadhil Maulana; Nanda Cynthia Huzna; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.649

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started as an outbreak in Wuhan and has since spread worldwide. To date, the exact transmission route of COVID-19 is still unclear. The respiratory tract may not be the only route of transmission of this virus. Some studies have hypothesized that COVID-19 droplets, or contaminated hands, may also contaminate the conjunctiva and serve as an initial site of infection. Conjunctivitis, a common disease caused by either bacteria or viruses, has previously been described in association with coronavirus infections in some studies. Further reports suggest that when no eye protection is used, the virus can also be transmitted through aerosol contact with the conjunctiva and cause infection. However, the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through the conjunctiva is still controversial. Despite some controversy about whether the conjunctiva functions as an important route for SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is accurate evidence that the conjunctiva plays a role as an entry point and reservoir for the virus. Additionally, there is a possibility that unknown receptors in the conjunctiva may be involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The level of viral replication in the conjunctiva is still unknown and is another factor that can describe the impact of the eye in the pathogenesis. Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA is more likely to be found in the ocular secretions of COVID-19 patients who have conjunctivitis symptoms, although it has also been found in patients without eye disorders in some cases. This literature review discusses the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and conjunctivitis.
PENGARUH ALGAE MERAH (EUCHEUMA SPINOSUM) TERHADAP INFEKSI ESCHERICHIA COLI Putu Urvasi Ari Utami; Ety Apriliana; Rika Lisiswanti; Liana Sidharti
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.651

Abstract

Bacteria can contribute to the development of diarrheal disease through direct contact with those who have the condition, consumption of food and drink contaminated with feces, or both. In addition, water, food sanitation, family latrines are the main causes of diarrheal disease. Among the causative bacteria, Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen for diarrhea in children in developing countries and an associated entero-pathogen of emerging antimicrobial resistance in developed countries. Reports of increased antibacterial resistance have become a challenge in handling diarrhea cases. Eucheuma spinosum is a species of red algae which is a marine organism that has been screened for phytochemicals and found to contain active substances such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and ascorbic acid. Phenol compounds and their derivatives (flavonoids) are predicted to be compounds in E. spinosum that have the potential to inhibit E. coli bacteria by damaging the bacterial cytoplasmic wall.
LITERATURE REVIEW: Pengaruh Penerapan Protokol ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) Terhadap Length of Stay pada Pasien Pasca Pembedahan Miladina Zahra Aulia; Risal Wintoko; Sutyarso Sutyarso; Anggraeni Janar Wulan
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.653

Abstract

Surgery is a follow-up action of invasive emergency treatment by making an incision in a certain part of the body so that it can reach the target organ, after which it ends with closing or suturing the wound. The patient will experience the postoperative impact which is limited movement due to the pain felt after the surgical wound. Furthermore, because the patient cannot mobilize properly, it will affect wound healing. This has an impact on the patient's length of stay which is getting longer and will ultimately make the patient's quality of life worse. Patients with prolonged length of stay are at risk of developing other complications because the patient experiences a decrease in functional status during hospitalization. In addition, the impact of an extended length of stay can increase the financing burden for the hospital. Therefore, efforts are needed to accelerate effective post-surgical healing by implementing the ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) protocol. ERAS is a multidisciplinary-based perioperative management protocol with the aim that postoperative patients experience immediate recovery by maintaining postoperative organ function, reducing stress response during surgery, and reducing morbidity in surgery. In several studies, the length of stay of postoperative patients applying the ERAS protocol was shorter than that of patients who did not use the ERAS protocol. This is because in the ERAS protocol, preparations are made for patients starting from pre-admission, pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative, each of which has components that can have an impact on accelerating post-operative patient recovery so that the patient's length of stay becomes shorter.
Dampak Paparan Panas di Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kesehatan Pekerja Reinita Aulia; diana mayasari; fitria saftarina
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.660

Abstract

Heat exposure occurs when the body absorbs more heat than can be received through the process of thermoregulation. Workers who are exposed to heat or work in a hot environment may be at risk of experiencing heat stress which can adversely affect the worker's health. Heat exposure can cause physiological responses from various organs and cause various health problems. This article aims to discuss the impact of heat exposure in the work environment on the health of workers and preventive strategies that can be done. Heat exposure is a contact between an individual and the environment which can pose a risk of increased body temperature and perceived discomfort. Through the high frequency and intensity of heat waves, exposure to heat can cause physiological responses to various systems, namely the central nervous, musculoskeletal cardiovascular, and integumentary systems which if not properly controlled can lead to pathological conditions. Health problems that can occur are heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, heat cramp and heat rash. Several steps must be implemented to protect the health of workers from exposure to heat in the work environment so that workers are not at risk of experiencing work-related injuries or illnesses.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kejadian Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Nadya Salsabilah; Ari Wahyuni; Liana Sidharti
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.664

Abstract

Nosocomial infections also reffered to as healthcare-asscociated infections (HAI). This infection can occur both while in the treatment room, during surgical procedurs or actions, and it can also be transmitted through medical devices that have contact with patients such as mechanical ventilators. The use of a mechanical ventilator machine is intended as a life saving measure in critical patients and is usually found in the intensive care unit (ICU) room of a hospital. Ventilator associated pneumonia is a risk that can occur when using a mechanical ventilator machine. VAP is nosocomial pneumonia in patients who have mechanically ventilated with endotracheal tube and tracheostomy for at least 48 hours. In United States, Ventilator Associated Pneumonia is one of the causes of mortality in patients with a mortality rate of 13%. In Europe, mortality rate due to early Ventilator Associated Pneumonia is 19,2% and late Ventilator Associated Pneumonia is 31,4%. Ventilator associated pneumonia is reported to have varying incidence rates ranging from 9-27%. The mortality rate from ventilator associated pneumonia can be more than 50%. This event is influenced by several risk factors, one of which is the duration of using a mechanical ventilator. The use of a mechanical ventilator, especially during the installation of an endotracheal tube (ETT) can damage the defense barrier in the airways, the installation of an ETT can also damage the mucociliary and tracheal epithelium and interfere with the cough reflex. This allows pathogens to invade the lower respiratory tract resulting in ventilator associated pneumonia.  
Hipotensi Intradialitik pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Ghina Nisrina Nurfatin; Ade Yonata; Ety Apriliana
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.663

Abstract

Chronic renal failure is a disease defined as kidney damage or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and persisting for 3 months or more. Chronic kidney disease is irreversible and often requires hemodialysis as a treatment. As many as 10% of people in the world have chronic kidney failure. More than 2 million people receive therapy with dialysis or hemodialysis and kidney transplants. Hemodialysis is a kidney replacement therapy that is carried out by flowing the patient's blood into a dialyser. This therapy is considered effective in reducing mortality due to chronic kidney failure. However, various complications can also be caused by the use of this hemodialysis device, one of which is intradialytic hypotension. Intradialysis hypotension will cause a decrease in tissue perfusion. This decrease in tissue perfusion will lead to reduced blood supply to the periphery, heart, kidneys, and even the brain. Preventive measures are the best method of avoiding intradialytic hypotension. This complication must be avoided and managed immediately because it can cause damage to vital organs which can be fatal to the body.
Hubungan Usia, Paritas, Penyakit Infeksi Dan Status Gizi Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Kelainan Kongenital Mayor pada Janin Zahra Dewi Hasna Difa; Khairun Nisa; Betta Kurniawan; Nurul Islamy; Rodiani -
Medula Vol 13 No 3 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i3.668

Abstract

Major congenital abnormalities refer to medical and cosmetic abnormalities that require surgery and are a leading cause of mortality among children under the age of five in Indonesia. Several risk factors contribute to congenital abnormalities, including the mother’s age, parity, infectious diseases, nutritional status, environment, education, and employment. This study aims to determine the relationship between age, parity, infectious diseases, and nutritional status of mothers and the occurrence of major congenital abnormalities. Secondary data from medical records of mothers who received treatment in the delima room at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek were analyzed using an observational analytic method and a cross-sectional approach. The chi-square test and odds ratio values were used to test the major congenital abnormalities' relationship with the risk factors. Results showed that there was a significant association between nutritional status, infectious diseases, and parity with the incidence of major congenital abnormalities (p = 0,004; OR = 0,086; 95% CI = 0,016-0,468), (p = 0,034; OR = 6,816; 95% CI = 1,288 – 36,062) and  (p = 0,005; OR = 9,567; 95% CI = 1,549 – 30,206), but not with maternal age (p = 0,724; OR = 1,333; 95% CI = 0,322 – 5,526). The incidence of major congenital abnormalities is related to nutritional status, infectious diseases, and parity, but not to maternal age. 

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