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Jurnal Transformasi Global
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 24069531     EISSN : 27163873     DOI : -
Core Subject :
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 128 Documents
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ASEAN sebagai Instrumen Adaptasi Singapura terhadap Globalisasi Dian Mutmainah; Nindi Rachmawati
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v1i1.11

Abstract

Abstract             This paper addresses the ability of Singapore to adapt to global economic challenges through regionalism. Using Moravcsik’s liberal intergovernmentalist theory, it investigates how Singapore consistently exerts its orientation to implement trade liberalization and economic integration in ASEAN. Focusing on one of three areas of national preferences, this paper found that Singapore has been dynamically adapted to external challenges. These capacities in turn influenced its external strategies. Instead of seeing its neighbours in ASEAN as competitors, Singapore views their comparative advantages as part of its economic strategies. This gives Singapore a good (and convincing) position to lead other ASEAN members to deeper and wider economic integration.             Keywords: regionalism, ASEAN, Singapore, globalization
Politik Identitas dalam Hubungan Internasional: Bias Konstruksi Barat terhadap Ancaman Uji Coba Rudal Korea Utara dan India Mohamad Rosyidin
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 1 No. 2 (2014): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v1i2.16

Abstract

Abstract             North Korea missile launch test had triggered widely international response particularly from the West. They sharply condemned North Korea that it destabilizes international security. Soon after that, India successfully launched ICBM which can load nuclear warhead. Contrast to North Korea, Western powers were silence over what had been done by India. This anomaly cannot be explained by realist that emphasize merely on material power. For realist, threat emerges from material capabilities. If realist were true, then Western power should have condemned both North Korean and India concerning missile launch test. Yet, the fact was not in accord with realist premise. This research seeks to explain the anomaly based on constructivist approach in International Relations. According to constructivist, threat derives from ideational structure rather than material capabilities. The central thesis of this research is that the contrast of Western powers response toward North Korea and India missile test is due to identity of both states perceived by the US. While North Korea is perceived as an ‘enemy’ because of its evil ideology, India is perceived as a ‘friend’ because of it shared democracy. Different conception of the identity lead to different conception of state interest and in turn lead to different act or policy.             Keywords: nuclear, proliferation, identity, ideology, democracy
Stagnansi Confidence Building Measures Sebagai Salah Satu Instrumen Penyelesaian Konflik di Asia Tenggara Tahun 1994-2014 Ni Komang Desy Arya Pinatih
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v2i1.21

Abstract

AbstractThis article examines strategy of confidence building measures (CBM) scheme implementation in Southeast Asia region. CBM is one of the main pillars in ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) other than preventive diplomacy dan conflict resolution that was initiated in 1994. In general, CBM concept refers to the development of mutual trust between both countries in the bilateral, regional or multilateral scheme. There are four (4) aspects for measuring the implementation of a CBM such as: communication measures, constraint measures, transparency measures and verification measures. This paper shows that the implementation of CBM in the Southeast Asian region is not maximized due to the implementation stalled at the level of communication measures, constraint measures and transparency measures, while very minimal verification measures carried out. Another interesting finding is that the level of transparency measures activity of CBM only limited to exchange of intelligence information and the publication of defense white paper, whereas for military exercises and joint military operation ASEAN countries tend to preferring with other countries outside the region such as the United States and China that shows implications for the weak trust building to support the success of CBM. Lack of mutual trust was later implicated in the absence of a common security perspective in the Southeast Asian region and the fact that some ASEAN countries are spoiled by a security umbrella established with countries outside the region (intrusive system). Keywords : confidence building mesures, mutual trust, ASEAN, ASEAN Regional Forum
Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) in Indonesia: The Challenge of Governance Anggun Trisnanto Hari Susilo
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v2i2.26

Abstract

Abstract Poverty is an issue that has been discussed seriously in international development. Donors, bilateral and multilateral now are pushing forward series of efforts to address this issue. Among others, governance is one of the prominent efforts to tackle poverty. Notably, governance is a complex system, which requires components to support. Democracy, decentralization, rule of law and active people participation are few. In fact, there are limited resources academically and empirically on how these components interacting. Taken from current research on Community-Driven Development (CDD) program in Indonesia named Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) or National Program for Community Empowerment- a project that initially promoted by the World Bank, this paper argues that such components in governance are conflicting one and another. More, rather than reducing poverty, promoting governance in CDD leads to the path of uncertainty which ends with two major consequences namely creation of potential conflict and sustainability of elite capture. Disorganized mechanism between decentralization and local democracy brings to the former consequences while uncoordinated system between PNPM and regular Indonesian development planning causes the latter. The first consequence is found in sub-district level, whereas the second is taken from local/ village level. The research applies qualitative methodology in which semi ethnographic approach; close observation and in-depth interviews are the central techniques. To add, this paper will be structured into three parts. Literature review on governance, decentralization and participation is presented in the first section followed by implementation of PNPM in the second. Third section will discuss findings and ends with a conclusion. Keywords; Governance, PNPM, and decentralization
Pemilihan Kazakhstan Sebagai Mitra Kerjasama China Dalam Sektor Energi Minyak Tahun 2003-2010 Primadiana Yunita
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v2i2.34

Abstract

Abstract             China’s economic growth is in parallel correspondence with its energy needs level. Consequence that showed up subsequently is increasing demand in energy source in China, thus China must provide adequate energy source for its industrial interest. Therefore, China has tried several strategies such as by cooperating with Kazakhstan. The objective of research is to figure out why China chooses Kazakhstan as the cooperation partner in the oil energy field during Hu Jintao government in the period 2003-2010.             This research shows that the political economy cooperation between China Kazakhstan represents an effort for China to preserve the supply of domestic energy in order to facilitate economic growth.            In this research, author used rational model theory, managed multi dependence concept. Method used in this research is explanation through literature study obtained from books, journals and articles related with this research theme.             Keywords : external transformation, Regional Security Complex Theory, South China Sea Conflict
Kritik Jawa atas Teori Hubungan Internasional Barat Yusli Effendi; Dion Maulana Prasetya
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 3 No. 1 (2016): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v3i1.47

Abstract

International Politics studies have been dominated by Western discourse. The domination has also been affected Indonesian academic circles, which is also having so many difficulties to escape themselves from Western perspectives, especially from American School. Consequently, IR scholars usually analize Indonesia behaviours by using Western perspectives which have no roots in Nusantara history. This article will try to do the hung up ‘homework’, by doing an alternative discourse of power in International Politics studies from Javanese perspectives, by using Historical Sociology method. This article argues that the Javanese concept of power is ontologically and epistemologically different from the Western concept of power. Ontologically, in Javanese thoughts, anarchy along with its derivatives, balance of power, does not exist; epistemologically, power is concrete, homogenous, and beyond morality. On the other hand, in Western thoughts, international anarchy is the state of nature, and power depends on material accumulation and its utilization. The differences both on epistemological and ontological level have logical consequences to the foreign policy characteristics of the Javanese leaders.Keywords: Power, Absorption, Historical Sociology, Non-Western IRT
Menakar Kebijakan Bantuan Packaging House Provinsi Jawa Timur bagi Daya Saing Produk UKM Achmad Fathoni Kurniawan
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 3 No. 2 (2016): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v3i2.55

Abstract

Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) di Indonesia cukup menarik perhatian bagi perekonomian negara terutama semenjak krisis ekonomi 1997. Bahkan UKM seringkali disebut sebagai penyelamat perekonomian Indonesia di masa krisis periode 1992-2000 (Manurung, Adler Haymans. 2007). Modal UKM yang dibutuhkan relatif kecil yang berhubungan dengan resiko yang diterima, begitu pula mampu mewadahi tenaga kerja yang berpendidikan rendah yang menjadi ciri khas usia produktif penduduk di wilayah pedesaan. tidak heran UKM menjadi salah satu sektor penting menyelamatkan ekonomi masyarakat ditengah PHK besar-besaran oleh industri-industri menengah dan besar akibat dari krisis ekonomi yang bekepangan. Besarnya perhatian negara terhadap keberadaan UKM dengan membuat portofolio kementerian yaitu Menteri Koperasi dan UKM serta Kementerian Perindustrian dan Perdagangan sebagai bentuk keseriusan dalam mengembangkan ekonomi lokal berbasis masyarakat secara mandiri.
Reklamasi Teluk Jakarta: Sebuah Prespektif Kekuasaan Dalam Ekonomi Politik mahdi, Imam
Transformasi Global Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Program Studi Hubungan Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rekalamasi teluk Jakarta telah menjadi perhatian bagi pengamat lingkungan sejak diterbitkannya keputusan presiden tahun 1995. D isatu sisi pemerintah meyakini bahwa kajian tentang reklamasi teluk jakarta sebagai alternatif bagi pementuhan hunian bagi para pekerja di Jakarta. Di sisi lain, aktivis LSM menganggap bahwa rekalamasi hanya akan menimbulkan dampak buruk seperti kerusakan lingkungan, nelayan kehilangan mata pencaharian, disparitas sosial. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan peran penguasa dalam mengamankan rencana pembangungan tersebut. Menganilis dengan pendekatan kekuasaan dalam masalah ekonomi dan politik. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan konten analisis dalam melihat permasalahan ini.Kata kunci: Reklamasi, Kekuasaan, Ekonomi dan Politik.
Pembangunan era Desentralisasi: Kedaulatan Ekonomi dan Kelestarian Alam yang Terabaikan Joko Purnomo
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v1i1.12

Abstract

Abstract Decentralizationin Indonesia that took place in the late of 1990s have changed power relations between central and local government. Now local governments have been enjoying significant political and economical powers to manage local affairs. The implementation of development during decentralization that strongly relies on the idea of economic development provides opportunities for global corporations to participate in local development process. As collaborative works between local government and global corporation on the implementation of economic development contribute to the deepening of global corporation into local economic development, they also give significant impacts to the environment as demonstrated by the case of Gunung Tumpang Pitu in Banyuwangi, East Java. It is argued that development without strong awareness on economic sovereignty and environmental protection will lead to environmental degradation and economic fragility.                Keywords: Decentralization, development, environment, forestry, global corporations. 
Efektifitas Rezim Non-proliferasi Nuklir Global: Teorisasi dan Implementasi I Gede Wagyu Wicaksana
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 1 No. 2 (2014): Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v1i2.17

Abstract

Abstract Expansion and proliferation of nuclear weapons have become an international issue since World War II, with their serious implications to peace and security. International efforts to restrict and eliminate nuclear weapons undergo ups and downs. The Non-Proliferation Treaty, however, is widely considered to have worked out well in decreasing the prospects for further nuclearization. This article looks in detail at what the norm is effective in achieving the goal of global denuclearization. It presents theoretical and case-based analysis to show determining factors ofstates’ decisions to abandon nuclear weapon programs. Perspectif of strategic realism, liberal institutionalism and constructivism are canvassed to search for policy explanation.             Keywords: denuclearization, NPT, nuclear weapons

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