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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 12 No 4, 2001" : 9 Documents clear

THE SULPHAMETHOXAZOLE BIOAVAILABILITY OF POLYMORPH IIA IN RABBITS Siti Nurasiyah; Tedjo Yuwono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Sulphamethoxazole, a sulphonamide antibacteria, is usually combined with trimetoprime, namely cotrimoxazole, to obtain higher potency. Because of the solubility of sulphamethoxazole in water is minute, its dissolution rate would be slow. Consequently, dissolution rate become the limiting step in the absorption process. In order to overcome this problem, therefore, some polymorph forms of sulphamethoxazole were created. The previous study found a polymorph IIA crystal form, a new modified internal crystal structure of sulphamethoxazole. This study was a continuing investigation of the bioavailability of the polymorph IIA, in capsule dosage forms, in rabbits. It was evident that the bioavailability of polymorph IIA was twice of that polymorph I. The bioavailability parameter changes of polymorph I to polymorph IIA were: the AUC increased from 872 to 1,530 mg hr L-1, the peak time (tmax) increased from 2 hours to 0.9 hours, the blood plasma level peak (Cpmax) increased from 104 to 136 mg/ L-1. Key words: bioavailability, sulphamethoxazole polymorph

THE USE OF GENERIC DRUGS IN PHARMACY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF YOGYAKARTA DURING MONETARY CRISIS (OBSERVATION ON MARCH 1997 - MARCH 1998) Andari, Irin Dwi; Wahyono, Djoko
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Monetary crisis that strike Indonesia had also impacts on health services either private or public services, including pharmaceutical industries. The industries had difficulty to find raw materials for production which in turn resulting in scarce and the rise of drug price. The situation could urged the patients to shift of using the patented medicines into generic ones which are relatively cheaper. The present study has therefore aimed to observe the usage of generic products before (March 1997 - August 1997) and during (September 1997 - March 1998) the monetary crisis periods in five pharmacies of Yogyakarta Municipality. The data were taken from the stocks units and from doctorâs prescriptions, which were then analyzed by ANAVA (p=0,5). Other data were also collected and analyzed descriptively from questionnaires requested to the a hundred of pharmacyâs visitors at the same periods as above.The results have shown that the number of generic product usage was not different between the two periods, except amoxycillin 500 mg, antalgin, dextrometorphan, captopril 25 mg, and glibenclamide tablets. The respondents have revealed that they have information on generic products (91%) from mostly mass media (44%). As many as 39 % of them assume that the generic products are cheaper than of patented products and it has the same effect.Key words : monetary crisis, generic product, pharmacies

CAPABILITY OF WATER AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT FRACTIONS OF BENALU (Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq) LEAVES TO DISSOLVE CALCIUM KIDNEY STONE IN VITRO, DETERMINED USING FAST NEUTRON ACTIVATION METHOD Sasmito .; Darsono .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Kidney stone disease is common among Indonesian. Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq grow on petai (Lauchaena glauca L.), a plant parasite has yet been used as traditional medicine to treat, especially, kidney stone disiase. Fat free Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq leaves powder was macerated using ethanol (70%) followed by ethyl acetate. The compound content in water and ethyl acetate fractions were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using cellulose as the stationary phase and a mixture of butanol: acetic acid: water (4:1:5) as mobile phase. The TLC data showed that water and ethyl acetate fractions contained flavonoid compounds. Kidney stone was analyzed using Infra Red Spectrophotometer to identify its chemical contents. The result showed that the kidney stone consisted of calcium and magnesium carbonate/phosphate. The Fast Neutron Activation analysis was utilised to determine the solubility of kidney stone. The result demonstrated that the maximum solubility of kidney stone was achieved in water fraction with the concentration of 90 % or in ethyl acetate fraction with the concentration of 70 %. The solubility of kidney stone in water fraction was higher than that in ethyl acetate fraction. Key word : Kidney stone, Dendrophthoe pentandra, Water fraction, Ethyl acetat fraction.

PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID) FROM GLUCOSE USING Erwinia sp. USMI-20 Akmal Djamaan; Mohamed Isa Abd. Majid; Mohd. Azizan Mohd. Noor
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The production and characterization of a biodegradable polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid), P(3HB) from glucose as sole carbon source by Erwinia sp. USMI-20 has been carried out. Results showed that Erwinia sp. USMI-20 could produced P(3HB) with a maximum polymer content of 48 % of the dry cell weight, an amount of polymer of 2.8 g/l, a dry cell weight of 5.8 g/l, a maximum specific growth rate of 0.21 h-1. a maximum polymer production rate of 0.02/h, yield YP(3HB)//C of 0.21 g/g, with the optimum fermentation time of 48 hours. The melting temperature (T) and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the P(3HB) were 175 ˚C and 15 ˚C, respectively. The weigh-average molecular weight (Mw) was in the range of 1,000,000 to 1,120,000 D whereas the number-average molecular weight (Mn) was in the range of 420,000 to 580,000 D with the polydispersity index (Mw,Mn) in range of 1.9 to 2.4. Key word: biodegradable polymer, glucose and Erwina sp.

ACUTE TOXICITY OF NEW COMPOUNDS 12,13-DIHIDRO--AMYRIN-20,30-en-3-ACETAT ; 12-13-DIHIDRO--AMYRIN-20,30-en-3-ol AND -SITOSTAN-20,30-en-3-ol TO Artemia – Salina Leach Sri Mulyani M.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Acute toxicity assay of new compound from nature resources is very important to be carried out. This research was to perform an acute toxicity assays of new compound from Eupatorium inulifolium H.B.K. Acute toxicity assays was carried out using Brine Shrimp Bioassay method. The result showed that two compounds, 12,13-dihydro--amyrin-20,30-en-3-ol and -sitostan-20,21-en-3-ol displayed toxicity (LC50 < 1000 g/ml), and LC50 of 12,13-dihydro--amyrin-20,30-en-3-acetate was exceeding 1000 g/ml.Key words: 12,13-dihydro--amyrin-20,30-en-3-ol, 12,13-dihydro--amyrin-20,30-en-3-acetate, -sitostan-20,21-en-3-ol, toxicity assay, Artemia salina Leach.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TOXICITY AND ANTI-BACTERIAL ASSAY FROM STEM-BARK EXTRACTS OF Garcinia celebica and G. tetandra Yuliasri Jamal; Praptiwi .; Andria Agusta
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Garcinia is suggested to have multi benefit in curing various diseases, some have edible fruit and edible oil. This experiment was a preliminary analysis, including phytochemistry screening, toxicity and antibacterial testing of stem-bark G. celebica and G. tetandra extracts. Ether, ethanol and water extracts of both Garcinia contained 19 different chemical components. Hexane, methanol and water extracts of stem-bark of both Garcinia extracts were found to have toxicological effect on Artemisia salina larva, G. celebica water extract had highest LC50 . Dichloromethane-methanol 1:1 extract of G. celebica inhibited the growth of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria , while the extract of G. tetandra could only inhibit the growth of Gram negative bacterium. Comparing with erythromycin and novobiosin antibiotics, the inhibiton growth activity of the two Garcinia extracts were lower than those of the antibiotics. Key words: Garcinia, phytochemical screening, toxicological effect, anti-bactery

THE EFFECT OF REPEATED COMPACTION ON STARCH 1500 AS A FILLER-BINDER OF DIRECT COMPRESSION TABLET Sri Sulihtyowati Soebagyo; Muliyadi .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Poor flowability is the weakness of Starch 1500 as a filler-binder of direct compression tablet. Granulation by compaction is one of the ways to improve the flow ability as it produced larger granules. Compaction of Starch 1500 (once) produced granules having flowability, compressibility and compactibility better than the original Starch 1500 powder. These granules, eventually, yielded tablets having higher hardness, less friable and longer disintegration time than that of the original Starch 1500. On twice compaction of Starch 1500, however, produced more fluid granules than previous method but the compressibility and compactibility tended to decrease. These type of granules yielded tablets having lower hardness and friability but higher disintegration time, significantly. Key words: Starch 1500, granule, flowability, compressibility, tablet properties

A BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY OF AMPICILLIN (GENERIC PRODUCTS) IN RABBITS Wahyono, Djoko; ., Nurlaila
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The use of generic medicine in health services has strongly been suggested by government. Production of those type of medicine by government appointed pharmaceutical manufacturers has shown a good progress. However, monitoring to those products in the market, based on the bioequivalence quality, still need to be improved. An example of medicine produced in generic form is Ampicillin, one of the broad spectrum antibiotic effective to treat upper respiratory tract infections. The aim of this research was to evaluate the bioavailability of generic ampicillin capsules (500 mg) compared to the patented product. The research was carried out as follow: six male rabbits weighing 2.0 - 2.5 kg were assigned to a cross - over design to receive both products orally after 24 hour fasting. The generic and patented products were given to the rabbits with a week wash-out period. Following drug administration, the blood samples (11 samples) were drawn from the marginal ear vein at designated time (5-330 minutes) to analyse unmetabolized ampicillin fluorometrically. Detection of the ampicillin was recorded at maximum excitation (350 nm) and maximum emission (420 nm) wavelengths. The result showed that the AUC value of the generic product (3,211.25 Â± 635.23 ïg hour/ml) was significantly higher than that of patented product (2,425.68 Â± 895.26 ïg hour/ml) (p<0.05). The peak level of ampicillin (Cmax) was significantly higher for the generic (17.00 Â± 5.10 ïg/ml) than patented product (11.25 Â± 2.75 ïg/ml), while time to reach Cmax was not significantly different between the two products, ie. 77.34 Â± 16.70 minutes (generic) and 82.48 Â± 13.57 minutes (patented). The study concluded that the ampicillin capsules in generic form had a better biovailability than patented product. Key words: ampicillin, generic product, bioequivalence

THE INFLUENCE OF DRUG INFORMATION ON DRUG SELECTION AND USAGE COUGH PREPARATION AT SELF MEDICATION IN GODEAN SUBDISTRICT ., Satibi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 12 No 4, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The influence of drug information on drug selection and usage cough preparation for self medication in Godean was investigated. The study was performed in Godean community by distributing questioner to respondences. Stratified random sampling followed by equal sampling were used to select subjects. Multiple regression and t-test were used to analyzed the result statistically. The result showed that drug information influences drug selection and usage (Z1/2ï¡ = 0,050). Key words : Self medication, information, cough medicine

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