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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2019)" : 14 Documents clear
Cassava Wastewater and Solid Waste Leachate as Cyanogenic Substrates for the Growth of Nitrile and Linamarin-Utilizing Bacteria Ogunyemi, Adewale Kayode; Samuel, Titilola Aderonke; Ilori, Mathew Olusoji; Amund, Olukayode Oladipo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.11

Abstract

The direct discharge of wastewaters containing cyanogenic compounds poses severe health hazards, hence this study aimed to establish the biodegradative potential of nitrile and linamarin utilizing bacterial strains in the degradation of cyanogens in cassava wastewaters (CWW) and solid waste leachates (SWL). Glutaronitrile-utilizing bacterial strains (Bacillus sp. strain WOD8 KX774193 and Corynebacterium sp. strains WOIS2 KX774194) were isolated from solid waste leachates while linamarin-utilizing bacteria strains (Bacillus pumilus strain WOB3 KX774195 and Bacillus pumilus strain WOB7 KX774196) were isolated from cassava wastewaters. They were identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics, microscopic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbial growth assessment coupled with pH changes were performed under aerobic batch conditions. Growth was evaluated at intervals (2 days) by the intensity of turbidity (O.D. 600 nm) in CWW and SWL media. The doubling times of strains WOD8 and WOIS2 when grown on CWW and SWL (without supplementing mineral salts medium) were 12.83 and 10.83 d (specific growth rate, µ: 0.054 and 0.064 d-1) and 20.38 and 17.77 d (µ: 0.034 and 0.039 d-1) respectively. Also, strains WOD8 and WOIS2 grew on supplemented CWW and SWL with doubling times of 10.04 and 9.9 d (µ: 0.069 and 0.070 d-1) and 16.12 and 16.12 d (µ: 0.043 and 0.043 d-1) respectively. Similarly, the doubling times of strains WOB3 and WOB7 when grown on CWW and SWL (without supplementing mineral salts medium) were 8.25 and 7.53 d (µ: 0.084 and 0.092 d-1) and 8.66 and 9.90 d (µ: 0.080 and 0.070 d-1) respectively. Whereas, the same strains had doubling times of 6.30 and 5.78 (µ: 0.11 and 0.12 d-1) and 6.30 and 9.24 (µ: 0.11 and 0.075 d-1) respectively when grown on supplemented CWW and SWL. It would appear that CWW has the highest potential as a natural growth substrate than SWL, and its use for biomass production may contribute to a reduction in the overall environmental impact generated by discarding cyanogenic residues.
Prolonged-heated High-Fat Diet Increase the Serum LDL Cholesterol Level and Induce the Early Atherosclerotic Plaque Development in Wistar Rats Yurina, Valentina; Yunita, Ema Pristi; Raras, Tri Yudani Mardining; Rudijanto, Achmad; Handono, Kusworini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rats are one of the most widely used animal models in health research. However, since rats are relatively resistant to atherosclerosis, the transgenic rats often used to study atherosclerosis in rats. Our study suggests a prolonged-heated lipid to induce atherosclerosis in rats, therefore provide a more low-cost option to study atherosclerosis in rats. Aims of this study is to compare the effect of heated high-fat diet (HFD) to the LDL and HDL cholesterol level and foam cell formation in the Wistar rat animal model. Rats were divided into three groups, control group was given with the normal diet, and the other two treated groups received oxidized HFD (heated HFD) and HFD, respectively. The heated HFD contain lard that was previously heated at 190°C for 24 h. Diet was given for 8 weeks. The serum LDL and HDL cholesterol level were measured before and 4th and 8th weeks after treatment with help of colorimetric measurement. The aorta analyzed for the foam cell formation after HE staining using the light microscope.  The prolonged- heated HFD significantly increased the LDL cholesterol from the 4th week of the treatment (p = 0.023). The rats aortic from HFD and heated HFD treated groups showed a mononuclear cells infiltration and the early foam cell formation. The heating process of the lipid caused lipid oxidation which significantly increased the LDL cholesterol level of the animal model and foam cells formation. This study suggests that Wistar rats with heated HFD could demonstrated early atherosclerosis plaque development.
Distribution and Phytocomponent in the Ethanol Extract of Globba candida Gagnep. (Zingiberaceae) by GC-MS Analysis Andila, Putri Sri; Tirta, I Gede
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Globba is the third largest genera in the Zingiberaceae family, distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions with the center of biodiversity in Southeast Asia. The study about phytochemical contents Globba is an interesting especially Globba candida Gapnep which have been never reported. The aims of this study were to observe distribution and phytochemical compounds of ethanol extract of G. candida Gapnep. found on Bali Island. Hydrodistillation was used to determine the presence of its essential oil and a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to carry out the phytochemical analysis of the essential oil and ethanol extracts of G. candida Gapne. The phytochemical analysis of the rhizomes and leaves ethanol extracts of G. candida Gapnep revealed 36 and 8 identified chemical compounds representing 85,82% and 85,47% of the total analyzed extracts. However, there was no essential oil constituent found in G. candida Gapnep. The main compounds of the rhizome extract of G. candida Gapnep were levoglucosan 19.07%, allylhydrazone acetaldehyde 5.52%, trans-2,3-epoxybutane 6.30%, butan-3-enoic acid methyl ester 4.36%, 2-methylcyclopentanone 4.02%, and 2-n-propyl-oxetan 4.00%. While the dominant contents of the leaves extract of G. candida Gapnep were pinostrobin chalcone 75.63%.
Resistance of Aedes as a Vectors Potential for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Semarang City, Indonesia Martini, Martini; Hestiningsih, Retno; Widjanarko, Bagoes; Purwantisasari, Susiana
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (140.863 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.12

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a significant health problem in Semarang, Indonesia. A Certain type of insecticides has been widely applied beginning in the last decade as an effort to control the mosquito vectors of dengue virus. This practice could lead to increased resistance in mosquito populations toward these types of insecticides. This research aimed to describe the resistance status of Aedes sp. populations in Semarang. A cross-sectional design study was conducted in 2015, with Aedes sp. populations sampled in several villages of Semarang. Field strains of Aedes sp. eggs were collected using ovitraps and larvae from entomological surveys. Mosquito adults were raised from the collected eggs and larvae under standard conditions and used for biochemical assays. ELISA examined Aedes sp. resistance status. The results showed that there was monooxygenase activity in Aedes sp. populations. In quantitative terms, 77.8% of mosquito samples showed an Optical Density (OD) more than the cut-off point (0.165). Resistance to synthetic pyrethroid insecticide in Aedes sp. mosquitoes population in Semarang may be caused by the mechanism of monooxygenase detoxification enzymes in particular. This case indicated that Aedes sp. has a high capacity as a vector to transmit the dengue virus in Semarang.

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