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BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Bali Medical Journal (BMJ), P-ISSN 2089-1180, E-ISSN 2302-2914 is an international and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly in print and online by Sanglah General Hospital in collaboration to Indonesian Physician Forum and Indonesian College of Surgeon, Bali-Indonesia which was founded in 2011. The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of medical scholarship, and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between medical scholars and practitioners. The Journal welcomes contributions which promote the exchange of ideas and rational discourse between practicing educators and medical researchers all over the world.
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Articles 17 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5 No 3 (2016)" : 17 Documents clear
Aqueous Extract of Purple Sweet Potato Tubers Decrease MDA and Increase SOD2 in Kidney of Diabetic Rats Satriyasa, Bagus Komang
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by increase of blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia results in oxidative stress and increase of AGEs. Oxidative stress and metabolic stress lead to reduction of endogenous antioxidant activity resulted in various organs injury especially kidney. The complication is caused by the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and free radicals. Increase free radicals that occur in diabetics accompanied with decline in endogenous antioxidant activity, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. One way to overcome the complications due to oxidative stress is through utilize the foods which possess natural antioxidant such as purple sweet potato. It has been proven in animals that purple sweet potato had antioxidant properties to prevent various complications in DM. Balinese purple sweet potato tubers contain high anthocyanin and it had been researched as antioxidant in rats in vivo. The aims of this research are to determine the effect of aqueous extract of purple sweet potato tubers to decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase SOD2 in kidney of diabetic rats. This experimental study was conducted with randomized posttest only control group design. Research subject is 38 diabetic rats that divided into 2 groups, controlled group and treatment group, with 18 diabetic rats in each group. Treatment was given for 60 days to each group. Treatment group (P1) is diabetic rats group that was given a standard diet and ad libitum drinks, and 4CC/day/rat of purple sweet potato tubers aqueous extract for 60 days. Controlled group (P0) is diabetic rats group as control that was given a standard diet and ad libitum drinks only. After 60 days of treatment, evaluation was performed. The results of this research found that mean MDA in kidney of control and treatment group was 8.40?0.17 and 1.47?0.15, respectively. There was a significant decreae of MDA (p
Cost Minimization Analysis of Hypnotic Drug: Target Controlled Inhalation Anesthesia (TCIA) Sevoflurane and Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) Propofol Wiryana, Made; Aribawa, I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit; Senapathi, Tjokorda Gde Agung; Widnyana, I Made Gede; Hartawan, I Gusti Agung Gede Utara; Sucandra, Made Agus Kresna; Parami, Pontisomaya; Putra, Kadek Agus Heryana; Sutawan, IB Krisna Jaya; Arimbawa, IGNA Putra; Jaya, Ketut Semara; Semarawima, Gede
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Cost minimization analysis is a pharmaco-economic study used to compare two or more health interventions that have been shown to have the same effect, similar or equivalent. With limited health insurance budget from the Indonesian National Social Security System implementation in 2015, the quality control and the drug cost are two important things that need to be focused. The application of pharmaco-economic study results in the selection and use of drugs more effectively and efficiently. Objective: To determine cost minimization analysis of hypnotic drug between a target controlled inhalation anesthesia (TCIA) sevoflurane and a target controlled infusion (TCI) propofol in patients underwent a major oncologic surgery in Sanglah General Hospital. Methods: Sixty ASA physical status I-II patients underwent major oncologic surgery were divided into two groups. Group A was using TCIA sevoflurane and group B using TCI propofol. Bispectral index monitor (BIS index) was used to evaluate the depth of anesthesia. The statistical tests used are the Shapiro-Wilk test, Lavene test, Mann- Whitney U test and unpaired t-test (? = 0.05). The data analysis used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows. Results: In this study, the rate of drug used per unit time in group A was 0.12 ml sevoflurane per minute (± 0.03) and the group B was 7.25 mg propofol per minute (±0.98). Total cost of hypnotic drug in group A was IDR598.43 (IQR 112.47) per minute, in group B was IDR703.27 (IQR 156.73) per minute (p>0.05). Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference from the analysis of the drug cost minimization hypnotic drug in a major oncologic surgery using TCIA sevoflurane and TCI propofol.
The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Sexual Function in Patients with Type II Diabetes Haddadi, Samira; Mirkohi, Mahdi Ghodrati; Akbari-Kamrani, Mahnaz
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a common chronic disease that is increasingly observed in almost all countries of the world. The treatment and prevention of diabetes largely depend on patients’ self-efficacy in performing self-care behaviors. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and sexual performance in patients with type II diabetes. Methods: In the present correlational study, 200 patients with type II diabetes (based on physicians’ diagnosis) participated. Using convenience sampling method, the samples were selected out of the whole population of diabetic patients who referred to Shahid Bahonar and Rajaei Hospitals in the city of Karaj (Iran). The data were collected through a multi-faceted questionnaire covering demographic characteristics of the participants, the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Male Sexual Function Index (MSFI). Then, the collected data were analyzed through Pearson correlation test, multiple linear regression analysis, independent t-test and ANOVA. Results: The results showed a positive significant relationship between self-efficacy and sexual function (p
Tomato (Lycopersicum commune) Juice and Physical Exercise Increase Number of Neurons and ER? expression in Post-Ovariectomy Rats Brain Laswati, Hening; Subadi, Imam; Andriana, Meisy; Kurniawati, Patricia Maria; Pangkahila, Jahya Alex
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Estrogen deficiency condition can degrade the quality of life, decline in cognitive function will be more severe trough age. Phytoestrogen compounds can be found in pegaga leaf extract, tomatoes, and papaya is an easy and inexpensive way to increase estrogen levels in post menopause women through extra gonadal estrogen induction. Therefore, the aims of this study were to examine the effect of tomato juice, physical exercise, and combination of these treatments on promoting neurons and ER? expression in somatosensory cortex that contribute to cognitive function of post-ovariectomy rats. Method: Twenty-eight female healthy Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus), 8-10 weeks old, from Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University include in this experiment. The animals were housed in the animal-care facility with ad libitum food and water. The temperatur was maintained at 18°C-24°C. The treatments were done 2 weeks after ovariectomy. Tomato were made in Laboratory of Pharmacognocy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, from inner part of the tomato fruits (mucous like substance) with freeze dry method (-40°C). Results: The weight of white rat Rattus norvegicus post ovariectomy in this study was between 133-170 gram with a mean weight 154.32 ± 9.72 gram. Hematoxylin/eosin staining showed neuronal deficit in the control rats brain. In figure 1, the tomato group showed the largest of neurons number (145.43 ± 17.728), followed the combination group (140.57 ± 22.449), the exercise group (136.86 ± 23.104) and the smallest number in the control group (96.43± 28.965). Four weeks after treatments the number of neurons increased significant in the tomato group (p=0.001), exercise group (p=0.004) and combination group (p=0.002) from the control group. This study showed no significant different between tomato and exercise group (p=0.500), tomato and combination group (p=0.701) and between exercise and combination group (p=0.769). Conclusions: In conclusion, our data demonstrated that post ovariectomy rats showed deficit numbers of neurons and decreased ER? in the somatosensory cortex. Treatment with physical exercise, tomato juice, and combination of these treatments increased the number of neurons and ER? expression in the somatosensory cortex.
The Effects of Syphilis Infection on CD4 Counts and HIV-1 RNA Viral Loads in Blood: A Cohort Study Among MSM with HIV Infection in Sanglah Hospital Bali-Indonesia Somia, I Ketut Agus; Merati, Ketut Tuti Parwati; Sukmawati, Dewi Dian; Phanuphak, Nittaya; Indira, IGAA Elis; Prasetia, Made Yogi Oktavian; Amijaya, Komang Agus Trisna; Sawitri, AA Sagung
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those with HIV infection, are at high risk for contracting syphilis. However, little is known about the effect of syphilis on HIV-1 RNA and CD4 count among HIV infected MSM. Methods: MSM were enrolled into the MSM-VCT study cohort at Sanglah Hospital in Bali between June 22 nd 2011 to February 13 rd 2012. All participants had anti-HIV test and VDRL test at baseline, with TPHA confirmation for reactive VDRL results. Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and CD4 counts were measured at baseline and month 6 visits. T-test or non-parametric Mann-Whitney test were used to compare changes in CD4 counts and HIV-1 RNA levels between those with and without syphilis. To analyze difference of baseline and 6 month visit in each group, we used paired students t-test. Results: HIV positive MSM with syphilis co-infection had significantly higher mean baseline CD4 count than those without syphilis (P=0.017). No difference was seen for median baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA between HIV positive MSM with and without syphilis (P=0.885). Mean change in CD4 count from baseline to month 6 was similar between HIV positive MSM with syphilis (n=11) and without syphilis (n=20) (P=0.860). Similarly, no significant difference in median HIV-1 RNA change was identified between those with (n=8) and without syphilis (n=11) (P=1.000). Conclusions: HIV positive MSM with syphilis co-infection had higher CD4 cell counts. However, syphilis influences the changes of CD4 cell count and HIV-1 RNA 6 months after HIV diagnosis, but not statistically significance.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Review Article Samim, Hossein; Hosseini, Sara; Jalalyazdi, Majid
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a valvular heart disease in which the two valve flaps of the mitral valve do not close equally, and part of the mitral valve slips backward loosely into the left atrium during systole. In general, MVP is associated with low body mass index (BMI), as confirmed by several studies. However, the reason for the higher prevalence of MVP in patients with low BMI remains unknown. Objectives: There is no reliable evidence on the role of genetics or pathophysiological factors in this correlation, and the hypothesis that the size of BMI may lead to MVP or vice versa has not yet been established. Materials and Methods: In this study, all the articles were evaluated in terms of the inclusion criteria. In total, we found 546 articles via PubMed and Google scholar, out of which 30 articles were mainly focusing on MVP, MVR as the major complication of MVP, and BMI, which were included in this systematic review. Results: Among these reviewed studies, patients with MVP had a lower BMI score compared to the subjects without MVP. The low and high BMI score were 28±5 kg/m and 31±6 kg/m, respectively. Conclusions: In the present study, we concluded that low BMI is directly associated with the occurrence of MVP.
Self-Medication and Contributing Factors: A Questionnaire Survey Among Iranian Households Ezzatabadi, Mohammad Ranjbar; Rafiei, Sima; Shafiei, Milad; Tafti, Arefeh Dehghani; Saghafi, Fatemeh; Bahrami, Mohammad Amin; Abdarzadeh, Nadia
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Self-medication is a serious danger in every health sector which potentially brings harmful side effects for the society. The aim of this research was to investigate self-medication and its contributing factors among residents of Yazd province in Iran in 2014. Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted in 2014 using a self-constructed questionnaire. A total of 580 families living in Yazd in the time period of study were contributed to fill out the questions organized in two sections of demographic and self-medication factors. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 through appropriate descriptive and analytical statistical tests. Results: Self-medication was reported in 53.4% of the cases. The most frequent self-prescribed medications were related to pain killer drugs (26.6%). There was a significant statistical relation between self-medication and households’ age, occupation and income, level of parents’ education, number of children and place of residence. Among different reasons for self-medication the most important one was reported to be accessibility (3.44+1.3). Conclusion: Due to the considerable prevalence of self-medication and its harmful effects on every society, such an issue should be appropriately controlled through legal regulations particularly in the area of selling dangerous drugs. Furthermore, provision of proper information and warning the population about harmful side effects can be helpful in this regard.

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