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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 28 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 4 (2001)" : 28 Documents clear

EKOLOGI HUTAN PAMAH BARITO ULU, KALIMANTAN TENGAH: RESPON TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR Mirmanto, Edi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A fertilization was set up in September 1993 in species-rich dipterocarp forest in the Barito Ulu study site in Central Kalimantan.The experiment was unusual in that previously reported fertilizer experiments have been made in montane forest. The following treatments were applied: control, +N, +P and +NP. There were five blocks of four 50m x 50m plots with a separate treatment for each plot. Fine litterfall was collected on all of the plots from May 1994 for one year. There was evidence of higher litterfall quantities and increased of P and N in the litterfall. All trees (> 10 cm dbh) were measured in August 1993 and in July 1994 and there was a clear girth increment response of some dipterocarp species to +NP and small size of trees to +N.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ELISITOR EKSTRAK KHAMIR Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen TERHADAP KANDUNGAN AJMALISIN DALAM KULTUR AGREGAT SEL Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Ratnasari, Jujun; Siregar, Arbayah H; RE, Rizkita
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

There were many ways to obtain high production of secondary metabolites in plant tissue culture; among the other is elicitation.An experiment to study the effect of elicitor derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen extract on ajmalicine content in cell aggregates culture of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don, has been conducted. The media used for callus induction and cell aggregates culture were Zenk 6 5(1977) with addition of 2.5 x 10" M Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 10 M 6-Benzilaminopurine (BAP).The cell aggregates culturewas subcultured three times and then elicitated with elicitor derived from autoclaved 5.cerevisiae extract at concentrations 0.5, 1.0, 2.5%,and harvested at 18, 24,and 36 hours after elicitation.The ajmalicine was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) connected to chromatopack CR-7A Plus. The cell aggregates of C. roseus culture produced ajmalicine both in the cells and the media.The result of elicitation showed that ajmalicine content was influenced significantly by concentration and harvesting time. The highest ajmalicine content in the cell aggregates was 25.288 Â± 0.102 jig/g dw, whilst that in media was 524.600 Â± 0.566 \ML. The optimum concentration of S. cerevisiae extract was 0.5%, and the best harvesting time was 24 hours.

TOKSISITAS GLISEROL ATAU SUKROSA PADA SEL KHAMIR accharomyces cerevisiae YANG DISEMPAN PADA SUHU RENDAH BEKU Julistiono, Heddy
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i4.1123

The effect of cryoprotectants glycerol and sucrose on cell viability and fermentation rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae after freezing (-30 Â°C) and Chawing (30 Â°C) were studied.Both freezing and thawing were done rapidly. The mortality of cells treated with low concentrations of cryoprotectans (2.5, 5, and 10 %) after 15 and 30 days of cryopreservation, was remarkably higher than that of control and higher concentration (20% and 40%).Glycerol or sucrose with concentration of 20 % and 40 % protected cells from severe mortality only after 90 days of cryopreservation.Fermentation rate of cells treated with 20 % or 40 % of the two cryoprotectants were higher than that of control after 60 and 90 days of cryopreservation.The data indicated that in certain circumstance cryoprotectant could be toxic for the cells during freezing and thawing.Since biomembrane is not permeable to sucrose, therefore we proposed that target of sucrose toxicity may be extracellular, whereas glycerol, which penetrate cells,targets of the toxicity may be both extracellular and intracellular domains.Interaction between cryoprotectant and cell membranes is discussed.

PEMANFAATAN BERBAGAI SENYAWA NITRIL DAN PRODUK DEGRADASINYA SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN ISOLAT BAKTERI TP Supriyati, Dyah; Sunarko, Bambang
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Our experiments showed that bacterial isolate TP was able to grow on acetonitrile, butyronitrile and propionitrile as sole sources of carbon, energy and nitrogen, but not on acrylonitrile dan benzonitrile. Besides on nitriles, isolate TP could grow on acetamide,propionamide, benzamide and nicotinamide, but not on acrylamide. However, none of the tested carboxylic acids could be used as growth subtrate for bacterial isolate TP. The best growth substrates of isolate TP were butyronitrile (CH3-CH2-CH2-CN) and propionamide (CH3-CH2-CONH2). When isolate TP grew on butyronitrile, the highest biomass concentration, the doubling-time (td), and the specific growth rate1(n) were 8.99 gram cell dry weight/liter, 4.8 h and 0.144 h , and when grew on propionamide were 4.57 gram cell dry weight/liter, 5.7 h and10.122 h", respectively.

STUDI POPULASI IKAN KALOSO (Scleropages jardinii) DI RAWA POMO KECAMATAN CITAK MITAK, KABUPATEN MERAUKE, PAPUA Tjakrawidjaja, Agus H; Haryono, Haryono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i4.1119

Study on the population of bony tongue/kaloso fish (Scleropages jardinii) of Papua was conducted in April 1998, located in Rawa Pomo, Kecamatan (District) of Citak Mitak, Kabupaten (Regency) Merauke, Papua.The aims were to know density,fecundity, 2 population growth and related aspects.The method used was catch per unit efforts, in 3 stations, within the area of 50.000 m width; sampling was done in each 30 minutes and fecundity was counted by eye (visual).The results showed that abundance index was 1.862 2 2ind./m ,population density 0.0043/m ,population growth 0.017 ind/m each year and fecundity range was 87-161 eggs. The most th abundance in 8 size ranged from 45.81 to 48.54 mm SL;first maturation attained at + 30 cm. We noted the fishes biodiversity in the location i.e. 21 species belongs to 18 genera and 17 families.

REGENERASI TANAMAN KERKLILY {Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) MELALUI EMBRIOGENESIS SOMATIK PADA EKSPLAN DAUN Priyono, Priyono
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The effects of plant growth regulators on somatic embryo genesis in Lilium longiflorum Thunb.leaf cultures were studied.The aim of the research is to study the regeneration ofi. longiflorum via somatic embryogenesis of leaf explant.IAAat5 level of concentrations (0-1 mg/1) combined with BAP at 4 level of concentrations (0-2 mg/1) were tested to induction of somatic embryogenesis in the first stage. Combination of two cytokinins, namely BAP and kinetin, combined with either of four auxins, namely IAA, IBA, NAA or 2,4D were tested to induce the somatic embryo genesis in the second stage. Combination of two concentrations of ABA, namely 0 and 1 mg/1 combined with 5 level concentrations of GA3, namely 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/1 were tested to improve the somatic embryos maturation.The results showed that somatic embryos were promoted by addition of IAA and BAP. The study of auxin and cytokinin combinations on somatic embryogenesis showed that somatic embryogenesis of kerk lily induced by addition of auxin and cytokinin in the culture medium.The maximum somatic embryo induction was obtained on medium contained of 0.25 mg/1 IAA combined with 1 mg/1 kinetin. Somatic embryos maturation were improved by transferring the somatic embryo from induction medium to maturation medium that contained 0.5 mg/I GA3 +1 mg/1 ABA.

PENINGKATAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK MAWAR MINI MELALUI KULTURIN-VITRO DAN IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA Handayati, Wahyu; Darliah, Darliah; Mariska, I; Purnamaningsih, R
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Mini rose (Rosa hybrida L.)is one of the favorite ornamental plants. To get a new appearance of this mini rose, two experiments were conducted at Cipanas and Bogor, from April 1999 to March 2000.In the first experiment, the treatment was the dosage of gamma ray irradiation, i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 krad.In the second experiment, the treatment was the concentration of callus induced mediumi.e. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5 and 1 mg/1) + chinetine (1, 3 and 5 mg/1).Randomized Block Design was used with 5 replications. Mini rose Romantica Meilandina (pink color) and Prince Meilandina (dark red color) was used as a source of plant material.The results showed that the irradiation dosage from 1 until 3 krad gave the best appearance compared with the other treatments.Considering the observance to plantlet in the same dosage, the color of the flower was changed from the natural color to white and red color.The combination of 0,5 mg/12,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 3 mg/1 chinetine was the best medium to the callus growth.

SUKSESI SEKUNDER PASCA TEBANG PILIH HUTAN PAMAH DIPTEROCARPS DIDESA TAILELEU, TAMAN NASIONAL PULAU SIBERUT, SUMATERA BARAT Simbolon, Herwint
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A study on the tree diversity and secondary succession after selective logging of lowland mixed dipterocarps forest has been conducted at three sites (Mongakngai, Kaloat, and Taipah) of Taileleu Village, Siberut Island National Park, West Sumatra. Plot size at each Mongakngai, Kaloat and Taipah site was: 100 x 30m; 100 x 40m; and 100 x 50m,respectively. Tree plants with DBH of more than 10 cm at each site were 50, 47 and 42 (or 101 species in total), while small tree plants of 2-10cm in DBH were 78, 11 and 98 (or 203 species in total), respectively. The most dominant species were Ficus subcordata, Aphorosa sphaeridophora and Castanopsios rhamnifolia at each site, respectively. Based on the similarity indices, those sites were clustered. Species diversity and structure of the forest at each site were also discussed in relation to the natural succession of forest.

PENGARUH MIKROBA TANAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PANEN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.) Purwaningsih, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i4.1121

A study was conducted in order to know the effect of soil microorganism as biofertilizer on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) in Malang, East Java.The purpose of the study was to get inoculants as biofertilizer to improve the production of soybean.The experiment was carried out in Bantur village, Bantur district, South Malang, East Java, by using the rice land.The strain used were five single inoculants as follows: A (Bio 20R + Bio 22R + Bio 277R), B (Bio 277R + Bio 278R + Bio 302R), C (1L + 8L + Bio 302R), D (Bio 20R + Bio 22R + Bio 277R + Bio 278R + Bio 302R + 1L + 8L), V (MVA fungi), and four mixed inoculants (AV, BV, CV, and DV). Four controls as uninoculated plant and without fertilizer (Ki), uninoculated plant and with Urea fertilizer equal to 100 kg/ha (K2), uninoculated plant and with TSP fertilizer equal to 80 kg/ha (K3), uninoculated plant and with Urea and TSP fertilizer (K4). The experiment was designed as Randomized Complete Block as 13 treatments with three replications for each treatment, and interval planted with 20 x 35 cm. The plants were harvested after 90 days. The parameters of investigation were the dry weight of canopy, roots, root nodules, seeds, 100 of seeds, number of nodules and pods with harvest productions. The results showed that single inoculants (MVA fungi) and mixed inoculants CV (1L + 8L + Bio 302R) and MVA fungi) gave better results on the production of soybean.

PERBANYAKAN TANAMAN KRISAN (Chrysanthemum morifolium) MELALUI KULTUR JARINGAN Dwimahyani, Ita; Gandanegara, S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Vegetatively propagated Chrysanthemum morifolium has been carried out by tissue culture.Explants derived from shoot-tip of three chrysant genotypes were used for the experiment. Shoot-tips taken from terminal branch and sterilized with 0.05% HgCb for 30 minutes and rinsed with distilled water three times.Shoot-tips were cultured on MS regeneration medium containing 1 mg/1 BAP and 0.02 mg/1 NAA.Shoot regeneration occurred 20 days after cultured.A number of tiny shoots were then transferred to fresh regeneration medium for 3 weeks and regenerated shoots were calculated.Results showed that plant genotypes had different response into plant regeneration. Genotype Ku-Ch had better response compared to other two genotypes which shown from number of plantlets produced by this genotype on the third sub-culture.

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