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JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA

jurnal_biologi_indonesia
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08544425 EISSN : 2338834X DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 32 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA" : 32 Documents clear

Kajian Pemilihan Jenis Tumbuhan Untuk Restorasi Hutan Berdasarkan Beberapa Parameter Fotosintesis Ahmad, Tinia Leyli Shofia; Setiadi, Dede; Widyatmoko, Didik
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Forest restoration is a process of ecosystem conditioning (soil, vegetation, and wildlife) in order to achieve similarpatterns and profiles to previous conditions and status before the ecosystem was disturbed, both in terms of speciescomposition and structure, and habitat functions. Restoration is a crucial part to maximize the conservation values ofbiodiversity and ecosystem functions. Eight different native plant species were assessed in this research while the photosyntheticparameters studied included the total chlorophyll content, carbohydrate content, CO2 sequestration capacity,leaf weight, leaf number, leaf area and leaf water content. Spectrophotometer was operated to analyse chlorophyllcontent, the Somogyi-Nelson method was used to calculate carbohydrate content, and leaf area was measuredusing the leaf area meter. The research results using the principal component analysis showed that each type of theplant species used for the restoration (2 years old after planting) had different characteristics in terms of photosyntheticparameters studied. Dacrycarpus imbricatus and Syzygium lineatum both had the highest carbohydrate contentsand the best abilities to absorb CO2. Sloanea sigun, Alstonia scholaris, Manglietia glauca, and Castanopsis argentea hadhigher total chlorophyll contents than others, while Altingia excelsa, M. glauca, A. scholaris, and Schima wallichii hadhigher water contents. A. scholaris, M. glauca, and S. sigun had heavier leaf weights. In contrast, M. glauca possessedthe widest leaves amongst the species observed.Keywords: forest restoration, photosynthetic parameters, native species

Penggunaan Ruang oleh Beruang Madu di Areal Konservasi IUPHHK-HTI PT. RAPP Estate Meranti Gusnia, Nur Anita; Kartono, Agus Priyono; Arief, Harnios
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Keberadaan beruang madu (Helarctos malayanus Raffles 1821) di Indonesia dapat ditemukan di Pulau Sumatera danKalimantan. Beruang madu mengalami berbagai ancaman populasi dan habitat baik yang terjadi secara alami maupunakibat manusia. Upaya konservasi yang dilakukan perlu didukung oleh informasi ilmiah mengenai keberadaanpopulasi dan kondisi habitat yang sesuai bagi spesies tersebut sehingga dapat disusun suatu strategi pengelolaan yangefektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan beruang madu di Estate Meranti,penggunaan ruang beruang madu dan faktor dominan habitat penduga keberadaan beruang madu di Estate Meranti.Metode penelitian yaitu analisis vegetasi, transek jalur, observasi lapang dan pemetaan diagram profil habitat.Keberadaan beruang madu diketahui melalui perjumpaan tidak langsung. Beruang madu menggunakan ruang baikpada tipe vegetasi hutan tiang tinggi (TPF) maupun transisi dengan gambut (TRF). Vegetasi yang dijadikan tempatberaktivitas yaitu pohon dengan ketinggian rata-rata 20 m dan diameter rata-rata 51 cm. Komponen habitat yangpaling berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan beruang madu yaitu kerapatan vegetasi, penutupan tajuk rata-rata, jumlahjenis pohon dan pohon pakan serta jumlah individu pohon dan pohon pakan.Kata kunci: beruang madu, Estate Meranti, faktor dominan, penggunaan ruang.

Pengaruh Jalan Terhadap Keragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Bawah dan Habitatnya di Koridor Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak, Jawa Barat Robiansyah, Iyan; Purnomo, Danang W.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

The road across the forest can cause the diversity exchange in the forest ecosystem. Distribution of the exotic speciescaused by the road are the main factor affecting the extinction of the native plants. The forest corridor in HalimunSalak National Park is separated by the road which is connecting five villages in surroundings. The aims of the researchwere to determine the response of diversity and abundance of the understory plants to the road existence, toobtain the effect of the road to the habitat condition, and to identify the exotic plants and its relation to the road.Vegetations were observed by transect sampling system, 5 transects of 150 m length were placed in forest corridorside along the road. In each transect, there were 12 sampling plots (1m x 1m) placed in distance (from the road): 0,5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 150 m from the road. The distance of each transect was approximately100 m and each transect were placed in the corridor area having forest buffer about 100 m distance. There were 117plant species including 9 exotic species. Plant community analysis using Squared Euclidean Distance (SED) showedthat road side area to 5 m in distance showed the different composition of the understory plant to inside the forest.Exotic plants and grass dominated in the area close to the road. Canopy cover in the road side to 10 meter to theforest was relatively opened than inside the forest. Plant diversity analysis on both of all species and local speciesusing Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that species diversity of understory plants was notsignificantly affected by the distance from the road. Nevertheless, distance from the road was a main factorinfluencing the exotic species, while distance of 0 m showed the highest exotic plants diversity.Keywords: Corridor, exotic plant, Halimun Salak National Park, road, squared euclidean distance, understory plant

Kajian Pemberian Pakan Alternatif terhadap Konsumsi, Kecernaan, dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Pakan pada Jelarang Paha Putih (Ratufa Affinis Raffles, 1821) Farida, Wartika Rosa; Prijono, Siti Nuramaliati
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i2.170

Four cream-coloured giant squirrel (Ratufa affinis) consisted of one male and three females used in this study to determinethe effect of feeding alternatives on consumption, digestibility, and feed efficiency use. During the studyeach of the animals was placed in individual cages equipped with sleeping box. Feed given were consisting of Guava(Psidium guajava), sweet corn (Zea mays), coconut (Cocos nucifera), peanut (Arachis hypogea), cucumber (Cucumissativus), mung bean sprouts (Vigna radiata), and sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus). Feedstuffs are given based onthis animal preferences on the grain in its natural habitat. Feed given cafetaria and drinking water available ad libitum.Results showed that the average of dry matter consumed by male was 45.95 g / head / day and by female 39.14g / head / day; rough protein by male 6.99 g / head / day and by female 5.76 g / head / day ; gross energy by male2392 cal / head / day and by female 2116 cal / head / day. Feed efficiency use of male is 13,99% and female is12,63%. The average of body weight gain of the male animal is higher than that of the female, namely 6.43 g / head /day and 4.88 g / head / day respectively. The average value of digested organic matter or Total Digestible Nutrient(TDN) was higher in the female animal, namely 95.41%, than that of the male, namely 92.68%; as well as digestedenergy or Digestible Energy (DE) in the female animal was higher than that in the male, namely 93.60% and91.17%, respectively.

Vocalizations of Microhyla achatina Tschudi, 1838 (Anura: Microhylidae) from the foot hills of Mount Salak, West Java Kurniati, Hellen
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i2.175

Vocalizations of Microhyla achatina have never been described before. The advertisement calls of six individual malesof M. achatina which originated from the foot hills of Mount Salak, West Java were recorded in September 2011 atair temperatures of 21.0ÃÂ°C-23.4ÃÂ°C. Call components were obtained from 95 calls, consisting of 855 pulses, whichwere then analyzed to obtain the characteristics of sound waves by using software of Adobe Audition 3.0 andSAP2011. Sound waves of M. achatina mainly consists of impulses whose sound spectrum ranges from 1327.5-2789.1 Hz, while the band width of the spectrum is 1461.6 Hz. Results of the analysis showed that the frequency ofthe three pulse-forming elements (dominant frequency, maximum frequency and minimum frequency) was markedlymodulated; frequency modulation was clearly visible in the minimum frequency, which was modulared by 1500 to2700 Hz modulation. The modulation of the dominant frequency and the maximum frequency was not too broad,i.e. between 3000-3500 Hz. Results of linear regression analysis of the dominant frequency versus minimum frequencyand dominant frequency versus maximum frequency showed a strong correlation between the dominant frequencyversus minimum frequency, but a weak correlation between the dominant frequency versus the maximumfrequency.Keywords: vocalization, Microhyla achatina, West Java.

Isolats Bakteri Indigenous Penghasil Milk-Clotting Protease untuk Fermentasi Keju Rahmani, Nanik; Sari, Yana Nurita; Palupi, Nurheni Sri; Yopi, Yopi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

The aims of this research is to isolation of bacteria that potential to produce of milk clotting protease enzymes fromfermented food that will be used as a substitute for rennet in cheese making. There are five food fermentations suchas tauco, tempeh, red oncom, sticky tape, and pickled mustard greens that are used as a source for isolation of bacteriathat could produce milk clotting protease. The results obtained four isolates proteolytic bacteria from two fermentedfood samples, three isolates bacteria from tauco (TCN 1, TCN 2, TCN 3) and one isolate from pickledmustard greens (DSN 1). Based on 16S rDNA, these isolates were identified as Bacillus sp. Bacterial isolate TCN 1has a milk clotting activity of 29.17 U/mL, whereas bacteria isolates of TCN 2, TCN 3 and DSN 1 have activities of70 U/mL achieved at the 24 hours incubation, respectively. The proteolytic activities of bacteria isolates TCN 1,TCN 2, TCN 3 and DSN 1 at the 24 hours fermentation process were 0.0117 U/mL, 0.0021 U/mL, 0.0150 U/mL,and 0.200 U/mL, respectively. The ratio of milk clotting protease activity and the proteolytic activity for bacteriaisolates TCN 1, TCN 2, TCN 3 and DSN respectively were 5402, 175000, 7292, and 3333. This showed that theenzyme from bacterial isolates TCN 2 can be used as an alternative to rennin in cheese making.Keywords: milk clotting protease, cheese, calf rennet, fermentation food

Keragaman Genetik Beberapa Aksesi Jagung dari Nusa Tenggara Timur Berdasarkan Profil Inter Short Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Yulita, Kusumadewi Sri; Naiola, BP
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i2.171

Maize (Zea mays L.) has become second most important cereal crops after rice in Indonesia. Maize is a staple foodand the main crop in subsistence dry land farming system in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Previous survey suggestedthat NTT may have contained considereable amount of local landraces of maize that have not been wellrecorded. Traditional farmers prefer to use traditional landraces than popular hybrid maize due to their superiorfeatures such as less susceptible to weevil attack and well adapted to local environment. Hence, farmers were continuouslygrow local landraces to meet the demand for their food security. Information on diversity of local landracesis very important for improving landrace germ plasm. The objective of this study is to assess genetic andphenotypic diversity of 15 accessions of maize from nine putative landraces collected from six locations in NTTbased on Inter Short Sequence Repeat (ISSR) fingerprints and few morphological charcters. Five ISSRÃ¢â¬â¢s primers(UBC 809, 822, 834, 876 and 892) were initially screened and two (UBC 809 and 834) were selected for the analysis.These primers generated 16 scorable bands with two monomorphic bands, i.e. UBC 809 at 700 bp and UBC834 at 900 bp. Clustering analysis was performed based on ISSR profiles using the UPGMA method. The range ofgenetic similarity value among accessions was 0.30-0.80 suggesting sufficient variation of gene pool existed amongaccessions. Combined data set of ISSR and morphological data suggested a higher diversity with a cofficient ofdistance range from 0.52 to 1.25. Same as a single data set deduced from ISSR profile, none of the accessionswere clustered according to their landraces nor their progeny.Keywords: Maize, NTT, ISSR, genetic diversity

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Infectious Bronchitis Antibody in Chickens Using Local Isolate of PTS III Indriani, Risa; Indi Dharmayanti, NLP.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for screening of antibody to avian infectiousbronchitis (IBV). Antigen was prepared from whole virus of infectious bronchitis local isolate PTS-III serotype.Optimum dilution with minimum background for antigen concentration, rabbit anti-chicken conjugate and sera indeveloped ELISA were determined 0.4ÃÂ¼g/well, 1:2000 and 1:100, respectively. Correlation optical densities (OD)were compared with a standard commercial ELISA (R2=0.933). The developed ELISA has a better sensitivity to hemagglutinationinhibition (HI) test. The developed local isolate ELISA can be used to detect antibody against infectiousbronchitis virus and it is suitable for sample screening at the diagnostic laboratories.Keywords: ELISA, antibody, chicken, IB PTS-III local isolate

Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Daging Landak Jawa (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823) yang Diberi Tambahan Pakan Konsentrat Farida, Wartika Rosa
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

This study is aimed to determine the effect of additional concentrate feed on the physical and chemical characteristicsof sunda porcupine meat. The material used is eight sunda porcupines (two males and six females) divided into twogroups of ration treatment, namely T0 (control ration) and T1 (T0 + koi fish pellets). Four porcupines (one maleand three females) were given control ration (T0) and four porcupines were given rations T1. The experimental designwas a completely randomized design. The meat physical characteristics measured were pH, tenderness, cookingloss, water holding capacity (WHC), meat color, and fat color. While meat chemical characteristics analyzed werewater content, ash, protein, fat, gross energy, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), the content of fatty acids(EPA, DHA, Omega-3, Omega-6, Omega-9, and cholesterol), as well as the composition of amino acids. Data wereanalyzed by analysis of variance. The results showed no significant differences (P> 0.05) between male and femaleporcupine with both ration treatments (T0 and T1) on pH, tenderness, cooking loss, WHC, meat color, and fatcolor. The addition of koi fish pellets in the ration T1 decreased pH value (65.76) and cooking losses (37.88%), andincreased WHC porcupine meat (23.59%). Porcupine meat is quite tender with tenderness values of 3.63 kg / cm2(T0) and 3.26 kg / cm2 (T1). The averages of water content, ash, protein, fat, energy, Ca, P, Fe of porcupine meatwere not significantly different (P>0.05) in both treatments T0 and T1. The averages of fatty acids contents of porcupinemeat with T1 was not significantly different (P>0.01) from that of T0, but there was an increase in the concentrationof EPA, DHA, omega-3, omega-6, omega-9, and cholesterol in treatment of T1. Cholesterol content ofporcupine meat was lower than that of beef, pork, lamb, sambar deer, and java deer. No significant effect (P> 0.05)on content of amino acids in meat porcupine with T1 compared to that of T0.Keywords: Physical-chemical characteristics, meat, concentrate feed, sunda porcupine

Preferensi Ekologis Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Dominan di Gunung Endut, Banten Sambas, EN.; Kusmana, C.; Prasetyo, LB.; Partomihardjo, T.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Thirteen plant species of main vegetation alliances were detected upon their preferences on various abiotic factors,among them, six species had preferences on either soil or topographical factors, while four species only had preferenceson soil factors, and one species only on topographical ones. On topographical factors, there were six specieshad preferences most on average elevation and one species on minimum elevation of the research plots.Keywords : dominant plant species, ecological preferences, Mount Endut

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