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Jurnal Biologi Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 14105292     EISSN : 25992856     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/jbiounud
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Biologi Udayana (p-ISSN 1410-5292 | e-ISSN 2599-2856 | DOI 10.24843/jbiounud) managed by the Department of Biology, Udayana University, published in two formats namely print and online regularly twice a year (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA" : 14 Documents clear
Keanekaragaman spesies anggrek di jalur pendakian Cemara Kandang, Gunung Lawu, Jawa Tengah Muhammad Daffa Irvani; Ratna Susandarini
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p03

Abstract

Mount Lawu is an inactive volcano located on the border of Central Java and East Java. Geographical conditions that are between these two areas make Mount Lawu unique in its biodiversity. Orchid or familia Orchidaceae is a group of flowering plants with the second-highest species diversity with the number of species reaching of 25.000 worldwide. Several previous studies have shown that orchids in the Mount Lawu area are unique and have high diversity. Documentation of the diversity of orchids in the Mount Lawu area needs to be done as a first step in collecting data on potential flora and can be used as a basis for formulating orchid conservation policies. This research was conducted on the Mount Lawu Cemara Kandang Hiking Track, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java to take an inventory of the diversity of orchids along with their abundance and distribution along the Cemara Kandang Hiking Track. Research was conducted using the exploration method shows that along the Cemara Kandang Hiking Track there are 14 species of orchids. The fourteen species consist of Bulbophyllum schefferi, Bulbophyllum sect. Aphanobulbon, Bulbophyllum sp.1, Bulbophyllum sp.2, Coelogyne miniata, Crepidium koordersii, Liparis montana, Microtis unifolia, Pholidota carnea, Pholidota globosa, Pinalia multiflora, Schoenorchis juncifolia, Taeniophyllum glandulosum, dan Thelymitra javanica. The total abundance of orchids found in this study was 642 species and had a clustered distribution divided into two main zones along the hiking track.
Kelimpahan spesies asing invasif teklan (Ageratina riparia (Regel) R. M. King & H. Rob.: Asteraceae) pada vegetasi lantai di Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali Dewa Ayu Intan Tirta Sari; I Made Saka Wijaya; Sutomo Sutomo
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p04

Abstract

Ageratina riparia is an invasive alien species that get a particular attention in “Eka Karya” Bali Botanical Garden. This study aims to determine the abundance of invasive alien species A. riparia on forest floor vegetation in “Eka Karya” Bali Botanical Garden, and the factors that influence its abundance. Ageratina riparia is an invasive herb that can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. The advantages of this plant in reproducing and adapting to the environment, make this plant very easy to grow and develop in a habitat. The purposive sampling method was used with the plot that placed systematically. The research area divided into five research stations with 10 plots (2 x 2 m) for each station. Vegetation data were analyzed to determine the density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, and important value index (INP), then completed with Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H'), dominancy index (C), evenness index (E) and visualization abundance of species A. riparia of with Non-metric Multi Dimensional Scaling (NMDS). Environmental data is calculated analyses in Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). The results showed that A. riparia at station 1 (Kawasan Kepala Burung) had an INP of 62.50%, station 2 (Taman Usada) with an INP of 52.40%, station 3 (Taman Cyathea) with an INP of 89.09%, station 4 (middle open area) with an INP of 110.25%, and the highest is at station 5 (Taman Upacara Panca Yadnya) with an INP value of 118.92%. The presence of A. riparia can be influenced by all environmental factors measured such as air humidity, soil moisture, soil pH, air temperature and soil temperature, altitude, land slope, and light intensity.
Struktur komunitas gastropoda pada sistem irigasi tradisional (Subak) Sembung, Denpasar Utara Ni Luh Wayan Hanny Prabandari; Ni Luh Watiniasih; Alfi Hermawati Waskita Sari
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p05

Abstract

Rice fields are one of the artificial wetland ecosystems. The Subak Sembung area is one of the rice fields as well as an ecotourism area in Denpasar City. The existence of gastropods is quite a lot found in this rice field area. This study aims to determine the structure of the gastropod community in the Subak Sembung area and to determine the abiotic factors of gastropod habitat in the Subak Sembung area. Data collection was carried out from three stations in December 2021 to January 2022 using the transect method. The transect line is stretched horizontally parallel to the irrigation flow. Five quadrants measuring 1x1 m2 were placed alternately along the transect line and data on the number of individuals and species were taken from each quadrant. Overall, as many as 7 species were found, with a moderate diversity index with a value range of 1.34-1.40. The uniformity index of the three stations was found to be > 0.6, with a dominance index close to 0 or the species was evenly distributed and none was dominant. Abiotic parameters such as temperature with value around 26,7oC-27,4oC, pH 7,5-8, c organic 2,52%-3,03%, muddy substrate in all stations, nitraet 0,35mg/L-0,45mg/L, fosfate 0,35mg/L-0,39mg/L.
Potensi madu dan propolis lebah Tetragonula laeviceps dalam menghambat pertumbuhan in vitro bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Fernando Putra; Yan Ramona; I Made Saka Wijaya
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p01

Abstract

Honey, which is good for human health due to its high nutrition content, is a product of bees that belongs to Tetragonula laeviceps. Besides honey, these bees also produce several derivative products, such as propolis, often used as a health supplement. Honey and propolis have been widely reported to have antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate their effectiveness in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in various in vitro tests (including determination of MIC and LC50 values). This study used a complete randomized design with five levels of concentrations (15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% v/v) to determine these two bee’s products ini inhibiting the in vitro growth of S. aureus and E. coli. Ethanol (95% ethanol) used as the solvent in this five replicated experiment, served as nil control. Inhibition zone and MIC values ??were determined by applying the diffusion well method. In contrast, a pour plate method on a nutrient agar medium was applied in the determination of LC50 values of the honey and propolis. The results of the preliminary study showed that honey of 100% concentration inhibited the growth of S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition zones of 12.50±1.09 mm and 6.60±0.60mm, respectively. Similar results were also shown by propolis with inhibition diameters of 15.50±1.08mm and 8.10±1.00mm on respective lawns of S. aureus and E. coli. Both honey and propolis appeared to have MIC value of 15% (v/v), while their LC50 values ??on S. aureus were 35.15% (v/v) and 18.25% (v/v), respectively, and on E. coli were 35.89% (v/v) and 28.2% (v/v), respectively. Propolis has a stronger inhibitory effect against S. aureus and E. coli when compared to honey.
Kepadatan dan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos pada ekosistem mangrove di perairan pantai Desa Sehati, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Karel Markus Melsasail
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p06

Abstract

Sehati is a village in Central Maluku Regency which has one of the coastal supporting ecosystems in the form of mangroves with an area of ??66.5 ha. The mangroves produce a large amount of detritus which mainly comes from litter. The detritus is utilized by macrozoobenthos as food, thereby increasing the number of species. However, it is feared that logging by local communities can put significant pressure not only on mangroves but also on macrozoobenthos because they are very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions in which they live.The purpose of this study was to analyze the density and diversity of macrozoobenthos species in the mangrove ecosystem in Sehati Village, Central Maluku Regency.The collection was carried out using a linear quadratic transect method. The transects used were 5 pieces with a square measuring 1x1 meter as many as 10 pieces, and supported by measurements of various physical and chemical parameters of the waters. There are 19 species of macrozoobenthos found in the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal waters of Sehati Village. Nassarius luridus has the highest density value (0.595 ind/m2), while Neries virens has the lowest density value (0.025 ind/m2).The value of the diversity index of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove ecosystem is high (2,631).The condition of the physical and chemical factors of the waters in the mangrove ecosystem is still in good condition for the growth of macrozoobenthos.
Karakteristik habitat Elang Jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi) di Taman Nasional Alas Purwo Putu Ayu Irvana Swasti; Syartinilia Syartinilia
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p02

Abstract

Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi), JHE is an endemic raptor in Java Island which is endangered and has been protected by law. Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) which is JHE's habitat in the lowlands. Limited information about JHE habitat preferences in APNP makes it difficult to develop a management plan for JHE habitat in accordance with its habitat preferences in nature. Purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the landscape and vegetation that affect the activity of JHE, so that it can be used for recommendations for the management of JHE habitat in APNP. The data collected consisted of landscape characteristics and vegetation characteristics obtained from manager interviews and observations. Characteristics of the nesting habitat landscape are distinguished by slope and elevation conditions. The nesting habitat has a slope of < 8% and an elevation of 36 - 74 masl and river flows are found. Meanwhile, hunting habitats are on a slope of < 8 % - 40 % and an elevation of 0 - 167 masl. The type of land cover in the form of natural forest is preferred by the JHE for nesting or hunting, and the habitat used is not far from human activities. Characteristics of vegetation in nesting and hunting habitats are distinguished by the presence of tall trees which are the preference of JHE nest trees. The architecture of rauh and stratum A models is preferred as nesting trees, while hunting trees mostly use A and B stratum trees with tree architecture dominated by the rauh model. The habitat used is also dominated by fruit trees which are favored by JHE prey. Recommendations for the management of the JHE habitat in APNP can be restoration by planting tree species that have A and B strata characters, rauh model tree architecture, and vegetation which is the food of JHE prey.
Kajian bakteri proteolitik yang diisolasi dari tubuh lalat hijau (Chrysomya megacephala) Ernin Hidayati; Ika Nurhimaya; Nisful Mahdi; Sarkono Sarkono
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p11

Abstract

Blowfly (Chrysomya megacephala) is an insect that has an important ecological role, one of which is as a decomposer. Blowfly is often found around food and garbage, especially those protein-rich. The perch of the blowfly on foods needs to be aware because it causes the material to spoil or stale faster. It is suspected that the bacteria present in the fly's body play a role in the material decomposition process. This research aims to study proteolytic bacteria isolated from the body of the blowfly. The sample of blowfly was taken from the dumping site at Kebon Kongok, West Lombok, Indonesia. The samples were placed into Brain Heart Infusion Broth. Bacteria from the body of the blowfly were isolated using Nutrient Agar. The proteolytic activity of the bacterial isolates was detected from the formation of a clear zone on the Skim Milk Agar medium using the spot and well diffusion method. The isolates were characterized by using Gram staining and a series of biochemical tests. There were four isolates of proteolytic bacteria found in the body of the blowfly, namely LH1, LH2, LH3, and LH4. The LH2 showed the best catalytic activity with an average clear zone diameter of 25.5 mm after 24 hours of incubation at 37oC. LH2 is a Gram negative, rod-shaped and short chain, motile, and aerobic. Based on the biochemical test, LH2 is able to utilize several types of sugars such as arabinose, sucrose, maltose, and mannitol, able to oxidize the amino acid tryptophan, and able to convert urea into ammonia. The results of this study provide information that LH2 contributes to the decomposition process and also potential as a pathogen.
Effectiveness of n-hexane and ethanol extract of papaya (Carica papaya L.) leaves as shallot pest (Spodoptera exigua Hübner) natural insecticide Mery Puspita Sari; L Hartanto Nugroho; Sukirno Sukirno
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p07

Abstract

One of the agricultural commodities that has a high selling value and consumption level is shallot (Alium ascalonicum). However, the productivity of shallots is known to be susceptible to plant-destroying organisms, such as the shallot caterpillar (Spodoptera exigua). Currently, most shallot farmers control S. exigua using synthetic insecticides. Synthetic insecticides are poisonous and use for a long time period will cause resistance to pests and environmental pollution. One of the natural ingredients that has the potential as a botanical insecticide is papaya (Carica papaya). This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and concentration of n-hexane and ethanolic extracts of papaya leaves which are the most effective against toxicity and inhibition of the feeding power of S. exigua second instar larvae. The extract was obtained by gradual maceration of n-hexane (non polar) and ethanol (polar) solvents. Test the secondary metabolite content of papaya leaves using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results showed that the ethanol extract was the most effective extract in causing toxicity to larvae with the highest percentage of 96.67%. Meanwhile, n-hexane extract was more effective in inhibiting larval feeding than ethanol extract with the lowest feeding area of 2,27 mm. The most effective concentration of against toxicity and feeding inhibition of larvae is concentration 3%. The LC50 value of the ethanol extract was 0.0207% and the n-hexane extract was 0.0459%. Both extracts are known to contain compound groups, namely tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids.
Daya proteksi minyak atsiri bunga kenanga (Cananga odorata ) dalam sediaan lotion antinyamuk terhadap Aedes aegypti Putu Ayudina Asti Puspita; Ni Luh Arpiwi; Ni Wayan Sudatri
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p12

Abstract

Various alternatives have been made to reduce the population of the Aedes aegypti mosquito that caused dengue fever, including the use of mosquito repellent lotions had contained DEET. To reduce the risks and negative impacts of mosquito repellent lotions contained DEET, one of the solutions was to use ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) essential oil as a natural mosquito repellent. This studied aims to obtain an anti-mosquito lotion formula with the active ingredient of ylang ylang essential oil and to determine the protection ability of ylang ylang essential oil as an insect repellent to Aedes aegyti. This study aims to determine the yield of ylang flower essential oil, to analyze the concentration of essential oil in lotion that provide the highest protection against Ae. aegypti, to analyze the preference of the respondents for the lotion formulation, and to determine whether there is sensitivity after using lotion containing ylang flower essential oil. Cananga essential oil in this study was obtained by steamed distillation which was then used as an anti-mosquito agent in lotion preparations. The average yield of ylang flower essential oil with three replications followed by the standard deviation (SD) was 0.63% ± 1.38 w/w. The highest protection ability of mosquito repellent lotion was F3 lotion with 5% essential oil. Lotion F3 in the first hour provided a protection ability of 96.3%, the second hour was 92.3%, and the third hour was 87% and decreased until the sixth hour to 75%. The most preferred formulation by respondents was lotion with 5% ylang – ylang essential oil. After used the anti-mosquito lotion, there was no sticky feeling on the skin and there were no symptoms of sensitivity.
Keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kupu-kupu (Lepidoptera) di Lapangan Watu Gajah Tuban Shela Sonia; Yaquta Maziyatin Jamilah; Athiyya Nur Agistiana Azzahra; Ratih Khairul Anissa; Dwi Anggorowati Rahayu
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 26 No 2 (2022): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2022.v26.i02.p08

Abstract

Butterflies are insects that belong to the Order Lepidoptera or "scale-winged insects". Butterflies are generally found in green open areas, such as at Watu Gajah Tuban Field. Butterflies are very sensitive to environmental changes which can be seen from changes in the composition of their community. Diversity of butterflies in an environment is a bioindicator of ecological quality in that environment. This study aims to identify and analyze the diversity and abundance of butterfly species found in Watu Gajah Field, Semanding District, Tuban Regency, East Java. The Watu Gajah Field area can be categorized as an environment that supports the life of insects, especially butterflies with an average height of 40 meters above sea level, a temperature of 29oC, wind speed of 13 km/h, rainfall of 1.9 mm, humidity of 70.33%and light intensity 4259.33 lux. Research using exploratory survey methods (cruising) or direct capture using insect nets using insect nets and hand sampling techniques at 3 observation stations, with each station sampling are 5 times. Data analysis was carried out using the relative abundance formula, the Shannon-Winner diversity index and the Shimpson dominance index. Based on the results of the study, 13 butterfly species were obtained with the diversity index and the butterfly dominance index in Watu Gajah Field, namely the diversity index was classified as moderate, namely 2.32 with an H value of 2.0<H'<3.0. Meanwhile, the dominance index of 0.083 is included in the low category with a value of 0<D<0.5. Watu Gajah Field is an ideal habitat that is more suitable for butterfly development.

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