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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Biologi Udayana SIMBIOSIS
Ni LUH ARPIWI
Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Selection of High Oil Yielding Trees of Millettia pinnata (L.) Panigrahi, Vegetative Propagation and Growth in the Field Arpiwi, Ni Luh; Sutha Negara, I Made; Simpen, I Nengah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.03.11

Abstract

Millettia pinnata (L.) Panigrahi is a potential legume tree that produces seed oil for biodiesel feedstock. The initial step for raising a large-scale plantation of the species is selection of high oil yielding trees from the natural habitat. This is followed by vegetative propagation of the selected trees and then testing the growth of the clone in the field.  The aim of the present study was to select high-oil yielding trees of M. pinnata, to propagate the selected trees by budding and to evaluate the survival and growth of budded plants in the field. Pods were collected from 30 trees in Lovina Beach, Buleleng Regency, Bali. Oil was extracted from seeds using soxhlet with hexane as a solvent.  The high oil yielding trees were propagated by budding using root stocks grown from M. pinnata seeds.  Scions were taken from young branches of selected trees. Incision was made on rootstock and the same size of cut was made on a scion containing a single bud.  The scion was inserted to the incision of rootstock then closed tightly using plastic strips.   The plastic was removed when the scion grew into a little green shoot. One month after plastic removal, the scion union grew into a single shoot and then the budded plants were removed to polybags. Budded plants were planted in the field of Bukit Jimbaran, Badung Regency, Bali with 4 × 4 spacing. Results showed all budded plants successfully grow new shoots. Two months after planting the survival of budded plants was 100%. Plant height increased by 22.13 cm, stem diameter increased by 2.43 mm and the number of compound leaf increased by 2.08.  It can be concluded that four high oil yielding trees were selected from Lovina Beach and successfully propagated by budding. Survival of budded plants was 100% with vigorous growth.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI ABU SEKAM PADI-LITIUM OKSIDA SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS KATALITIKNYA DALAM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI MALAPARI I N. Simpen; N. L. Arpiwi; M. Indra Dwitama
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol.12 No.2 Juli 2018
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (175.961 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2018.v12.i02.p13

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan sifat kimia fisik dari katalis abu sekam padi (ASP) termodifikasi litium oksida, optimasi suhu kalsinasi dalam sintesis katalis, serta menguji aktivitas katalitiknya dalam pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak biji malapari (Pongamia pinnata L.). Pembuatan katalis heterogen telah berhasil dilakukan melalui modifikasi ASP dengan litium karbonat. Modifikasi ASP dilakukan secara metode keramik melalui variasi suhu kalsinasi 700oC (Li-ASP700), 800oC (Li-ASP800), dan 900oC (Li-ASP900). Katalis heterogen yang diperoleh, dikarakterisasi, dan diuji aktivitasnya untuk pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak biji malapari. Karakterisasi katalis heterogen meliputi keasaman dan kebasaan permukaan, Brunauer, Emmett dan Teller (BET) surface area, gugus fungsional, dan rasio Li/Si. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keasaman permukaan katalis Li-ASP700, Li-ASP800, dan Li-ASP900 semuanya adalah 0 mmol/g. Sementara, kebasaan permukaan tertinggi, surface area tertinggi, dan rasio Li/Si tertinggi diperoleh pada katalis Li-ASP700 berturut-turut yaitu 22,4883 mmol/g, 1,251 m2/g, dan 19,24. Oleh karena itu, suhu kalsinasi optimum dalam pembuatan katalis tersebut adalah 700oC. Katalis heterogen Li-ASP700 mampu mengkonversi minyak biji malapari menjadi biodiesel optimum pada persentase katalis 3% (b/b) dengan yield 87,29%. Kata kunci: abu sekam padi termodifikasi litium oksida, katalis heterogen, minyak biji malapari, biodiesel
UJI DAYA HAMBAT Streptomyces roseoflavus AL2 TERHADAP Xanthomonas sp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI (HDB) PADA TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) Ni Luh Cipta Ayumi Nellawati; Retno Kawuri; Ni Luh Arpiwi
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 3 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2016.v03.i01.p01

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Streptomyces in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria causing bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in vitro and identify the most likely type of Streptomyces that inhibits the growth of pathogens in the HDB. Bacterium Xanthomonas sp. used in this study were isolated from sick rice plants in Ayunan Village, Badung, Bali while Streptomyces isolates were isolated from the rhizosphere of reed plants (AL2), lily (LL1 and LL2), Aloe Vera (AV) and Elephant Grass (RG) from 3 different locations, namely PT. Alove Gianyar, Bedugul Botanical Garden and Buruan Village, Gianyar. Test results of antagonist test using dual culture method at the PCA medium showed that Streptomyces sp. AL2 has the most percentage of inhibition compared with other Streptomyces sp. isolates against pathogenic bacteria., namely 17.8 mm. The results of identification using the book Guide to the Classification and Identification of the Actinomycetes and Their Antibiotics (Waksman and Lechevalier, 1973) showed that the Streptomyces sp. AL2 is Streptomyces roseoflavus. The results provide an early indication that the filtrate of Streptomyces AL2. has the potential to be developed as a biocontrol of biological bactericide.
KANDUNGAN MINYAK, HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN DAN POTENSI BIODIESEL DARI KEPUH (Serculia foetida L.) DI KABUPATEN BADUNG, KOTA DENPASAR DAN ROTE (NTT) Midel Delfi Wehelmina Ndolu; Ni Luh Arpiwi; Ni Luh Suriani
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i01.p11

Abstract

Kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.) merupakan tanaman non-pangan penghasil minyak yang bisa dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biji, kandungan minyak, hubungan kekerabatan dan kualitas biodiesel dari biji kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.) di Kabupaten Badung, Kota Denpasar dan Rote. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2016 – Mei 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan terhadap karakteristik biji, menganalisis kandungan minyak dan kualitas biodiesel dari minyak kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.). Kandungan minyak tertinggi diperoleh dari Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu di Monang-Maning 1 sebesar 41,13%, sedangkan terendah dari Rote di Oemasi 4 sebesar 14,80%. Hubungan kekerabatan antara karakteristik biji dan kandungan minyak terbentuk 2 kelompok dengan indek similaritas 93,5%. Kualitas biodiesel di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar memiliki angka asam yaitu 0,34 mg-KOH/g dan Rote yaitu 0,44 mg-KOH/g, angka iodin di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu 44,41 dan Rote yaitu 48,53. Angka penyabunan di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu 187,93 dan Rote yaitu 194,94, angka setana di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar yaitu 64,02 dan Rote yaitu 61,92. Kadar air di Kabupaten Badung, Kota Denpasar maupun Rote 0,2 dan viskositas di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar 12,23 cSt dan Rote 9,22 cSt. Kualitas biodiesel diperoleh telah memenuhi ketentuan SNI 2015, kecuali viskositas.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MALAPARI (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) SEBAGAI TANAMAN PENGHASIL MINYAK DI DUA AKSESI Ferliana Febritasari; Ni Luh Arpiwi; I Gusti Ayu Sugi Wahyuni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 3 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2016.v03.i02.p03

Abstract

Malapari (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) is an oil-producing plant which has the potential for biodiesel feedstock. This becomes a reason that Malapari plants need to be developed and cultivated. Malapari grow naturally in lowland forests on calcareous soils, rocks on the beach, along the edge of the mangroves and along stream and river tides. This study aims to determine the characteristics of Malapari and relationship between the two accessions grown in North Bali (Pemaron, Uma Anyar, Kalisada, Pengulon, Sumber Kelampok) and East Java (Alas Purwo National Park and Baluran National Park) based on morphological characters and oil content. The research was conducted in July-November 2015. The method used in this research was observation of morphological characters as well as the analysis of the oil content of seeds. Relationship among trees that grow in the two accessions was analyzed using Minitab Vis 14. Results showed that there were differences in morphological characteristics, namely the leaves, flowers, fruits, pod and seeds dimension and oil content.  Analysis of relationships among trees at similarity level above 80% classified them into 3 major groups, namely group I Malapari from Uma Anyar village with similarity level of 59,51%, group II Malapari from  Pengulon village with  similarity level of 80,16% and group III  Malapari from  Alas Purwo National Park and 32 other trees from various villages  having similarity level of 84,53%.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.), Air Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.), Dan Metode Skarifikasi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Cendana (Santalum album L.) Barnadus Nggahu Lindi Djawa; Ni Luh Arpiwi; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i01.p09

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak bawang merah, air kelapa dan skarifikasi terhadap pertumbuhan cendana. Manfaat dari penilitian ini untuk menjawab permasalahan pembudidyaan tanaman cendana di Pulau Sumba. Penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan pada masing-masing unit percobaan. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini persentase bibit tumbuh, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, dan lebar daun. Analisis data mengunakan ANOVA dengan taraf uji 5% bila terdapat beda nyata pada salah satu faktor dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf uji 5% menggunakan analisis statistik SPSS. Hasil penelitian menujukkan perlakuan ekstrak bawang merah dan metode skarifikasi memberikan hasil yang paling tinggi persentase bibit tumbuh sebesar 70%. Perlakuan kombinasi skarifikasi dengan air kelapa muda memberikan hasil yang paling tinggi terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman cendana. Untuk itu penulis merekomendasikan kepada petani cendana menggunakan ekstrak bawang merah atau skarifikasi untuk meningkatkan persentase bibit tumbuh sedangkan untuk memacu pertubuhan tanaman cendana menggunakan kombinasi skarifikasi dengan air kelapa muda. Kata kunci: bawang merah, air kelapa, skarifikasi
Minyak Atsiri Daun Kemangi (Ocimum × africanum Lour.) dan Efektivitasnya Sebagai Lotion Antinyamuk terhadap Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) Ni Luh Made Yuli Indra Yanti; Ni Luh Arpiwi; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i02.p14

Abstract

Aedes aegypti L. mosquito is the vector of dengue fever disease. The effort to control the vector is by applying anti-mosquito lotion to the skin. Basil essential oil was formulated into anttimosquito lotions which is practice and easy to be carried anywhere. The use of atimosquito lotion with natural active compound of basil essential oil is one of safe solutions to repelt mosquitos. This study aimed to calculate yield of essential oil from basil leaves, to identify the active compounds, to measure protection ability of the antimosquito lotions, to to anlyse physical properties of the lotions and to analyse perception of panelists toward the lotions. The essential oil was extracted using steam distillation. The active compounds were analysed using GS-MS. Protection ability of the lotion toard Ae. aegypti L. was tested under laboratory condition using hand in cage method. Physical properties of the lotion were measured for organoleptic, pH, viscosity and homogeneity. Results showed that the yield of essential oil from basil leaves was 0,26% ± 0,05 w/w. GCMS test results showed there were 25 active compounds of the oil. The highest protection ability against A aegypti L. was lotion with 5% basil essential oil. Organoleptic test results show a thick texture, yellowish white color, aroma of olive oil and basil and a soft impression on the skin. Results of pH, viscosity and homogeneity tests show that anti-mosquito lotions containing essential oil from basil leaves met the requirements in the Indonesian National Standard. The hedonic test shows that panelists like lotion with 5% basil essential oil. The effect of lotion gives softness, comfort and the absence of sensitivity symptoms after being applied to the skin. Keywords: Aedes aegypti mosquito, dengue fever, basil essential oil, lotion.
Bioetanol dari Kulit Pisang (Musa paradisiaca L.) dengan Sakarifikasi dan Fermentasi Serentak I Ketut Muksin; Ni Luh Arpiwi
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 6 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2019.v06.i01.p17

Abstract

Bioethanol is one of the energy alternatives which environmentally friendly and sustainable. This research employed Completely Randomized Design with Factorial. There were two treatments, namely without pretreatment and with pretreatment and these were factorized with three levels of urea, namely 0, 1 and 2% with three replications. Finely dry ground banana peel samples were pretreated with NaOH 6% w/v. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was performed in 60 mL fermenter. Sample (4% w/v) was placed in a fermenter and the following ingredients were added: 0.06 g KH2PO4, 0.06 g MgSO4 and citrate buffer with pH 5. Fermenter was enclosed and autoclaved at 121oC for 15 minutes and then cooled down at room temperature. Enzyme cellulose (6% w/v) and inoculum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (10% v/v) were added into the fermenter. The mixture was incubated at 30oC for 9 days, and every day 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th was measured for reducing sugar content, pH and bioethanol content. Bioethanol content of the distillate was measured using picnometer. Data was analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with Minitab 17 software. If there was significant (P<0.05) analysis continued with Tukey Pairwise comparison to find the difference among treatments. Results showed that treatment (without pretreatment and with pretreatment of NaOH 6% b/v) combined with levels of urea gave significant effect on reducing sugar and bioethanol content in all observations. Combination of without pretreatment and urea level at 1% and 2% resulted in the highest bioethanol content of 4,91% v/v.Bioethanol is one of the energy alternatives which environmentally friendly and sustainable. This research employed Completely Randomized Design with Factorial. There were two treatments, namely without pretreatment and with pretreatment and these were factorized with three levels of urea, namely 0, 1 and 2% with three replications. Finely dry ground banana peel samples were pretreated with NaOH 6% w/v. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was performed in 60 mL fermenter. Sample (4% w/v) was placed in a fermenter and the following ingredients were added: 0.06 g KH2PO4, 0.06 g MgSO4 and citrate buffer with pH 5. Fermenter was enclosed and autoclaved at 121oC for 15 minutes and then cooled down at room temperature. Enzyme cellulose (6% w/v) and inoculum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (10% v/v) were added into the fermenter. The mixture was incubated at 30oC for 9 days, and every day 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th was measured for reducing sugar content, pH and bioethanol content. Bioethanol content of the distillate was measured using picnometer. Data was analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with Minitab 17 software. If there was significant (P<0.05) analysis continued with Tukey Pairwise comparison to find the difference among treatments. Results showed that treatment (without pretreatment and with pretreatment of NaOH 6% b/v) combined with levels of urea gave significant effect on reducing sugar and bioethanol content in all observations. Combination of without pretreatment and urea level at 1% and 2% resulted in the highest bioethanol content of 4,91% v/v.
KARAKTERISTIK BUAH, BIJI DAN KANDUNGAN MINYAK DARI TANAMAN NON PANGAN DI PULAU SERANGAN BALI . Ramdhoani; Ni Luh Arpiwi; A.A. Ketut Darmadi
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 5 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i01.p08

Abstract

Berbagai upaya diversifikasi energi perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi kelangkaan minyak di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya diversifikasi energi adalah melalui penyediaan energi alternatif terbarukan seperti biodisel yang bisa dihasilkan dari minyak nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran buah, biji dan mengukur kandungan minyak dari tanaman non pangan yang tumbuh di Pulau Serangan. Minyak tersebut dipakai sebagai bahan baku biodisel. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode jelajah untuk mengoleksi buah yang sudah masak panen untuk diambil bijinya. Buah dikeringkan kemudian dimensi buah dan biji diukur. Minyak diekstrak dari biji dengan pelarut heksan menggunakan alat soklet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 10 spesies tanaman non-pangan dengan ukuran buah dan biji sangat beragam di Pulau Serangan. Kandungan minyak dari yang tertinggi sampai terendah berturut turut sebagai berikut: ketapang (Terminalia catappa) 27,06 %, kupu-kupu (Bauhinia purpurea L.) 25,30 %, asam londo (Pithecellobium dulce) 20,43%, kembang merak (Caesalphinia pulcherima) 15,03 %, jarak kaliki (Riccinus communis) 14,23 %, lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) 13,86 %, tanjung (Mimusops elengi) 13,83 %, gorek (Caesalpinia bonducella)11 %, flamboyan (Delonix regia)10,93 %, sawo kecik (Manilkara kauki) 10,10 %.
Formulasi Serum Ekstrak Buah Malaka (Phyllanthus emblica) Sebagai Anti Aging Rosa Ichi Harum Pratiwi; ni luh arpiwi
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p12

Abstract

Serum merupakan produk cairan sedikit kental yang diaplikasikan pada kulit wajah. Penggunaan serum di kalangan wanita sudah banyak diminati bahkan menjadi salah satu perawatan rutin. Seiring berkembangnya zaman, kini banyak orang yang tidak bertanggungjawab dalam menjual produk serum. Kandungan serum diproduksi dengan bahan kimia yang tidak sesuai dosis atau pun menambahkan bahan aktif yang dapat memicu terjadinya masalah kulit. Beberapa masalah kulit yang timbul yaitu bintik-bintik hitam, garis-garis halus dan penuaan. Mengurangi dampak masalah kulit tersebut, maka dilakukan pembuatan serum berbasis “back to nature” yang mengutamakan bahan herbal sebagai salah satu alternatif formulasi serum yang aman. Salah satu bahan alternatif tersebut yaitu buah malaka (Phyllanthus emblica). Buah malaka dipercaya memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi sehingga dapat memperlambat penuaan dan dijadikan bahan serum untuk anti aging. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu dengan uji DPPH dan uji fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah malaka tergolong antioksidan kuat dengan nilai aktivitas antioksidan 143,557%, nilai IC50 sebesar 38,649 ppm, flavonoid sebesar 4,6123%, tanin sebesar 112,21%, vitamin C 27,0625%, aktivitas antioksidan serum F1 0,0008%, F2 0,0121% dan F3 0,0103%. Uji viskositas menunjukkan nilai 15.000 mPars, pH pada serum F1 yaitu 4,79; F2 5,00; F3 5,75. Uji homogenitas serum menunjukkan kehomogenan yang baik dan uji hedonik terhadap 3 sampel serum (F1, F2 dan F3) dengan 30 probandus. Hasil yang paling optimal yaitu serum F3 dengan konsentrasi 1,5 %.
Co-Authors . Ramdhoani Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi Andy Agustina Lande Barnadus Nggahu Lindi Djawa Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti Elizabeth L Barbour Erlina Adhayanti Fania Agustini Ferliana Febritasari GUIJUN YAN I Gusti Ayu Sugi Wahyuni I Ketut Ginantra I KETUT MUKSIN I Made Sutha Negara I Made Sutha Negara I Nengah Simpen I Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa I.G.A.S. Wahyuni IDA AYU ASTARINI Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Julie A Plummer Komang Ayu Mirayanti Luh Gede Artha Saridewi Wijaya M. Arsa M. Indra Dwitama MADE PHARMAWATI Made Ria Defiani MADE SUSUN PARWANAYONI Maria Lorita Amfotis Ni G. A. M. Dwi Adhi Suastuti Ni Luh Cipta Ayumi Nellawati Ni Luh Made Yuli Indra Yanti Ni Luh Suriani Ni Made Rai Suarni NI NYOMAN DARSINI Ni Putu Harta Diani Pande Ni Wayan Sudatri Putu Ayudina Asti Puspita Retno Kawuri Rosa Ichi Harum Pratiwi SANG KETUT SUDIRGA Stareast Wulandari Sigiro