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Antifungal Activity of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Emulsion Gel Compared to Nystatin on Candida albicans Stored Isolate from HIV/AIDS Patients with Oral Candidiasis Wardiana, Maya; Astindari; Ervianti, Evy; Afif Nurul Hidayati; Diah Mira Indramaya; Pepy Dwi Endraswari; Budi Utomo; Dwi Murtiastutik
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 35 No. 2 (2023): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V35.2.2023.88-92

Abstract

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC), frequently caused by Candida albicans, is the most common opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Topical treatment for OC is limited. In vitro study revealed rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil has an antifungal effect. However, the essential oil is volatile and is not recommended to be applied to the skin and mucosa; therefore, emulsion gel (emulgel) is made. Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of rosemary emulgel 6.25%, 25%, 37.5%, and 50% compared to nystatin. Methods: This study is an in vitro test using the disk diffusion method to d  etermine the antifungal activity shown by the inhibitory zones of rosemary emulgel at 6.25%, 25%, 37.5%, and 50% compared to nystatin to stored isolates of C. albicans from HIV/AIDS patients with OC. Result: Rosemary emulgel 6.25% dan 25% did not show antifungal activity because no inhibitory zone was shown. The inhibitory zone diameter provided by rosemary emulgel 37.5%; 50%; and nystatin against C. albicans isolates were 3.17±3.763 mm; 7.00±4.107 mm; and 30.13±5.319 mm respectively. Significant differences in antifungal activity were shown by the inhibitory zone diameter provided between rosemary emulgel 37.5%, 50%, and nystatin (p<0,05). Conclusion: Rosemary emulgel 37.5% dan 50% had antifungal activity showed by the formation of inhibitory zone against Candida species isolates in disk diffusion method even though it was weaker compared to nystatin as a standard antifungal.
Dermatomyositis with multiple organ involvement: a case report and literature review Putri, Wayan Julita Krisnanti; Wardiana, Maya; Anindita, Karina; Putri, Adisti Prafica; Kumaladewi, Baiq Ratna; Santosa, Hilda
Bali Dermatology Venereology and Aesthetic Journal BDVAJ - Volume 6, Issue 2 (December 2023)
Publisher : Explorer Front

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/4x0xd735

Abstract

Background: Dermatomyositis (DM) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle and skin inflammation, a part of the idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). Even though the disease is idiopathic, there are multifactorial factors related to dermatomyositis. This care report aimed to describe a DM case in a male patient to increase the knowledge and management of DM patients. Case description: A 44-year-old Filipino male was referred to the emergency department (ED) of Siloam Hospital Mataram complaining of muscle pain and weakness with skin rashes 3 weeks before admission. Before the skin rash started, he had enlarged femoral lymph nodes in both thighs. The patient was afebrile with normal vital signs and was prescribed ibuprofen and amoxicillin. After that, he experienced skin rashes around his neck and the back of his ears with minimal pruritus.  The symptoms worsened, making him unable to open his mouth and hard to breathe. In the ED, he also threw up dark-colored blood twice. Supporting examination showed elevated transaminase, increased LDH, and creatinine kinase. Biopsy results showed a histologic pattern of dermatomyositis. During hospitalization, he received a high-dose systemic steroid, antibiotic, and symptomatic treatment. He was discharged with a good outcome and planned to continue medical treatment in his country. Conclusion: Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic autoimmune disease involving skin and internal organs. It is a multifactorial disease yet with unclear etiopathogenesis. Specific treatment guidelines for DM are not yet established, but initial systemic corticosteroid and additional steroid-sparring agents may exhibit good outcomes.