ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Hiperlipidemia adalah salah satu faktor resiko penyakit jantung koroner. Simvastatin umumnya digunakan untuk penanganan pertama. Angkak adalah fermentasi beras menggunakan kapang Monascus purpureus sehingga memiliki berwarna merah. Angkak memiliki kandungan untuk memperbaiki profil lipid. Oleh karena itu perlu diteliti mengenai efektivitas angkak dan simvastatin dalam mepengaruhnya kolesterol total, LDL, dan HDL. Tujuan : Membandingkan efektivitas ekstrak angkak dan simvastatin terhadap kadar kolesterol total, LDL dan HDL pada tikus hyperlipidemia. Metode : Ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain Pre-Post test design. Sampel adalah 24 ekor tikus putih, dibagi secara random menjadi 4 kelompok. Kelompok 1 hanya di beri pakan saja tanpa diberi perlakuan lain, kelompok 2 diberi pakan hiperlipidemia, kelompok 3 diberi simvastatin 0.18mg/200grbb dan kelompok 4 diberi ekstrak angkak 40mg/200grbb. Pemberian dilakukan secara sonde oral. Pemeriksaan kolesterol total, LDL dan HDL dilakukan setelah 14 hari perlakuan. Hasil : Hasil menunjukan penurunan total kolesterol pada kelompok 3 dan 4 (-100.05 mg/dl dan -68.96 mg/dl dengan p<0.05 ). Penurunan LDL pada kelompok 3 dan 4 (-30.87 mg/dl dan -26.68mg/dl dengan p<0.05). Kemudian peningkatan HDL pada kelompok 3 dan 4 ( 30.81mg/dl dan 21.30mg/dl dengan p<0.05). Kesimpulan : Ekstrak angkak mempunyai efektivitas lebih redah dari simvastatin dalam mempengaruhi kadar kolesterol total, HDL dan LDL.Kata Kunci : Angkak, Monascus purpureus, Kolesterol total, HDL, LDL. ABSTRACTBackground : Hyperlipidemia is a known risk factor for coronary heart disease. Simvastatin widely used as the first-line intervention. Fermented red yeast rice, or angkhak are rice fermented with Monascus purpureus thus causing its red appearance. Content of angkhak has the potential for improving lipid profile. Therefore the effectiveness of angkhak in reducing total cholesterol, LDL and HDL in comparison with simvastatin need to be studied. Aims : To compare the effectivenees angkhak and simvastatin in reducing total cholesterol, LDL and HDL in hyperlipidemic rats. Method : This study is an experimental study with a Pre-Post test design. A total of 24 white male rats fulfilling certain criterias and divided randomly into 4 groups. The first group was given food with no other treatment, the second group were given a hyperlipidemic diet, the third group were treated using 0.18mg/200grbw of simvastatin and the fourth group was treated using 40mg/200grbw of ang-khak. Application of treatments were done using oral sondage. After 14 days of treatment, Blood total cholesterol, LDL and HDL were measured. Results : Result shows decreasement in blood total cholesterol on third and fourth group (-100.05mg/dl and -68.96, with a p<0.05). a decreasement in LDL on third and fourth group (-30.87mg/dl and -26.68mg/dl, with a p<0.05) also has been seen. While there were rise of blood HDL on third and fourth group ( 30.81mg/dl dan 21.30mg/dl, with a p<0.05). Conclusion : Effectiveness of Ang-khak in affecting total cholesterol, LDL and HDL were lower than simvastatin.Key words : Angkhak, Monascus purpureus, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL.