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Some medical and other risk factors for current cesarean section in a Jakarta hospital Poedjiningsih, Endang; Basuki, Bastaman; Supardi, A. W.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 10, No 4 (2001): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

For the last year the prevalence of cesarean section (CS) increased in several countries as well as in Indonesia. In Indonesia there was no comprehensive study on risk factors related to CS. This case-control study was conducted at Fatmawati Hospital in Jakarta from 1 July 200 until 31 January 2001. Data was extracted from available medical records. Ceserean section was defined as a delivery through laparotomy. The control group consisted of subjects having vaginal deliveries. For each cases were selected randomly a control based on the date before or after 18 October 2000. Subject who had fetal distress had 544-folds increased risk to be CS relative to those who did not have fetal distress [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 544.86; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 71.85- 4131.78]. Furthermore, relative those who did not have dystocia, those who had dystocia had 143 times increased risk to be CS (adjusted OR = 52.86; 95% CI = 52.86 - 391.17). In term of previous CS, subjects who ever had previous CS had 30 times increased risk to be CS compared with the subjects who never had CS (adjusted OR = 30.23; 95% CI = 12.06 - 75.57). In contrast, compared with those who non cash payment, those who paid in cash had a lowered risk of 80% (adjusted OR = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.11-0.34). In conclusion, previous CS, dystocia, pre eclampsia, other medical indications, fetal distress, and non cash hospitalization expences increased risk of CS. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 230-4)Keywords: cesarean section, risk factors

Combined traditional medicine and pharmacological antihypertensive drugs in a rural community of West Java, Indonesia Basuki, Bastaman; Siagian, Minarma; Ilyas, Ermita I.; Amri, Zarni
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 13, No 4 (2004): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Some hypertensive subjects in Indonesia consume traditional herbal medicines in addition to the usual pharmacological drugs. This paper studied the relationship between several traditional herbal medicines, such as morinda, star fruit, garlic, or jamu, believed to control hypertension and the risk of current pharmacological antihypertensive drug users in subjects with stage 1 and 2 hypertension in a rural community West Java, Indonesia. The data were obtained from 3 field studies by the second year medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia conducted in 2001, 2002, and 2003 in a subdistrict of the Bogor regency. The subjects were selected randomly from neighborhood clusters. Interviews and blood pressure measurements were conducted at the houses of the subjects by specially trained second year medical students supervised by faculty members. There were 496 subjects with stage 1 or 2 hypertension, with 11.5% under current antihypertensive drugs. Compared with the hypertension stage 1 subjects, hypertension stage 2 subjects were 5.4 times more likely to be currently taking pharmacological antihypertensive medication (adjusted odds ratio = 5.44; 95% confidence interval = 2.64-11.27). The combined of current antihypertensive medication with traditional medicines were cucumber which being the most dominant followed by star fruit and morinda. Reasons for this were probably the strong influence of culture, the limited medical facilities, and high cost of the antihypertensive drugs. It was concluded that in a rural Indonesia, it was common for hypertensive subjects to take pharmacological drugs as well as traditional medicine for antihypertensive therapy. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 246-51)Keywords: hypertension, pharmacological drugs, traditional medicine, Indonesia

Duration of works, flight hours, and blood pressure related to noise-induced hearing loss among Indonesian Air Force helicopter pilots Hanum, Kholidah; Haksono, Hari; Basuki, Bastaman
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 15, No 3 (2006): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Helicopter pilots exposed to high intensity noise and other risk factors had increased risk to be noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Therefore, it is beneficial to study several risk factors related to NIHL. This study was a nested case-control. Data was extracted from available medical records among helicopter pilots who performed routine aerophysiology training indoctrination (ILA) during 1980 through March 2004 at Saryanto Institute for Aviation and Aerospace Medicine (Lakespra), Jakarta. Case was those who had audiogram with a notch of 40 dB or more and of 4000 Hertz on one site or bilateral ears. A case was matched by two controls who free from NIHL up to 2004. All risk factors for cases and controls were counted as of reference date of cases diagnosed. There were 187 medical records available for this study. A number of 32 cases and 64 controls were identified. The final model reveals that NIHL was related to total duration of works, flight hours, and blood pressure. Those who had 500 hours or more than less 500 hours had a moderate increased risk for 2.5 to be NIHL [Adjusted odds ratio (ORa)= 2.50; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.66-9.29; p = 0.180]. Those who had total duration works 11-24 years had a moderate increased to be NIHL for 2.7 times (ORa = 2.71; 95% CI=0.90-8.10; p = 0.075). Furthermore, prehypertension and hypertension stage 1 subjects than normal blood pressure had moderate trend increased risk to be NIHL. In conclusion total flight hours for 500 hours or more, total duration works 11-24 years, or prehypertension and hypertension stage 1 increased risk NIHL. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:185-90) Keywords: noise induced hearing loss, flight hours, working duration, blood pressure

Psychological testing of aircrew members Indarto, Hindrayanto; Basuki, Bastaman
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2007): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

[No abstract Available]

Qualitative work overload and other risk factors related to hypertension risk among Indonesian Police Mobile Brigade (Brimob) Kanam, Riri N.; Basuki, Bastaman; Nainggolan, Ginova
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 17, No 3 (2008): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Members of the Police Mobile Brigade (Brimob) can suffer from hypertension which is related to work stressors and other risk factors. This study aimed to identify the relationship between work stressors and other hypertensive risk factors. The subjects of this cross-sectional study were members of the Brimob undergoing their periodic medical check-up during July-October 2007. A subject was hypertensive if systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 140 mmHg or higher, or diastolic (DBD) 90 mmHg, or higher or taking antihypertensive drugs. Normal subjects were those who had SBP less than 120 mmHg and DBP less than 80 mmHg, and have never been diagnosed with hypertension. A number of 336 Brimobs aged 21 to 51 years participated in this study, 111 had high blood pressure and 79 had normal blood pressure. Hypertension was found to be related to excessive body weight and qualitative work overload. Age, work, lifestyle, history of diabetes, hypertension in the family, and other work stressors were not found to increase the risk of hypertension. Medium to high level qualitative work overload had a two-fold risk for hypertension [relative risk adjusted (RRa) = 2.00; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.97-4.14; p = 0.060]. Overweight subjects had 48% increased risk to hypertension (RRa = 1.48; 95% CI = 0.98-2.22). Obese subjects had a two-fold risk of being hypertensive (RRa = 2.21; 95%CI = 1.51 - 3.14). Qualitative work overload and obesity increased the risk of hypertension. These risk factors should therefore be controlled. (Med J Indones 2008; 17: 188-96)Keywords: hypertension, qualitative work overload, overweight, obese

Helicopter vibration and risk of reversible myopia among military air crews Basuki, Bastaman; Soemardoko, T.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 11, No 2 (2002): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

We assessed to what extend the risk of reversible myopia of the different degree of helicopter vibrations and other risk factors amongÂ military helicopter pilots and flight engineers. The study was a nested case-control design using medical record at the Institute ofÂ Aerospace Medicine of the Indonesian Air Force and Medical Directorate of the Indonesian Army (Flying Wing). Cases and controlsÂ were military helicopter pilots and flight engineers who had ametropic visual acuity at the time of entry into military service fromÂ 1972 until 1992. Reversible myopia means visual acuity corrected of - 0.50 dioptri or less. The final model indicates there was aÂ relationship between vibration level, duration of work and risk of reversible myopia. Helicopter crews exposed to high vibration levelÂ had 4.5 times to develop reversible myopia [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 4.47; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.48 - 13.55] relative toÂ those who exposed to weak vibration level. There was noted a healthy workers survivor effect. Those who remain work for a longer peiodÂ had less a chance to be myopia. Those who worked for 10 years or more had a lowered risk of 85% to be myopia compared with those whoÂ worked for 14 years (adjusted OR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.03 - 0.87). Helicopter crews exposed to high helicopter vibration had 4.5 times toÂ develop reversible myopia, and a higher risk occurred during the first four years of employment. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 93-6)Keywords: helicopter vibration, reversible myopia, air crews

The prevalence of female sexual dissatisfaction and the dominant risk factors that may impair sexual satisfaction in Malaysian women Sidi, Hatta; Puteh, Sharifah E.W.; Abdullah, Norni; Midin, Marhani; Basuki, Bastaman
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 16, No 3 (2007): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

The study aims were to investigate the prevalence of sexual dissatisfaction and the potential risk factors. This was a cross-sectional study on women attending primary care setting in Malaysia over a period of March to June 2005, and used a non-probability sampling method. A validated questionnaire for sexual function was used. A total of 230 married women aged 21 â 62 years old participated in this study. The ressults show that the majority of the respondents were less than 45 years old, predominantly Malays, and with higher academic achievement. We noted that 52.2% (120/230) study subjects had sexual dissatisfaction. Race, salary, education level, medical problems, dysmenorrhea, and menacrhe were likely not correlated with sexual dissatisfaction. The dominant risk factor related to sexual dissatisfaction was age of husband. In additional, sexual dissatisfaction was moderately (P = 0.077) related to sexual per month. The subjects who had their husbands aged 43-75 years compared with 24-42 years had 68% increased risk to experience sexual dissatisfaction [adjusted relative risk (RRa = 1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15 - 2.44]. In term of sexual frequency per month, those who had 1-3 times per month than 4-5 times per month had two-fold increased risk to experience sexual dissatisfaction (RRa = 2.03; 95% CI = 0.93-4.42; p = 0.077). In conclusion, the prevalence of sexual dissatisfaction was very high in Malaysian primary care population and it was strongly associated with women who married to an older husband and with infrequent sexual activity. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:187-94) Keywords: sexual dissatisfaction, age of husbands, malaysian women

Job stressors and other risk factors related to the risk of hypertension among selected employees in Jakarta Krisnawati, Feni; Basuki, Bastaman; Nainggolan, Ginova
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 15, No 3 (2006): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Almost everyone, including employees, may develop hypertension. Several risk factors, including stresses in the work environment, are related to hypertension. The aim of this study is to identify these work-related risk factors in hypertension. A nested case-control study was conducted among office employees in Jakarta during May 2004. Employees with stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension (based on the United States of America Joint National Committee on high blood pressure 2003), or those taking antihypertensive drugs were designated as cases. As controls were employees with no history of hypertension. One case was randomly matched by gender with two controls. All risk factors for cases and controls were counted as of the reference date of diagnosis for cases. There were 70 cases and 140 controls aged 25 to 65 years. Hypertension was found to be related to the qualitative and quantitative increase in the workload, career development, age, obesity, current and past smoking habits, and a family history of hypertension. However, it was noted that role of ambiguity, role of conflict, and personal responsibility did not increase the risk of hypertension. Compared to those with low qualitative job stressor, those who had moderate or high qualitative job stressor had a seven-fold risk to be hypertensive [adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 7.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40-39.76]. In addition, relative to those who had low quantitative job stressor, those with moderate or high stressors were four times at risk to be hypertensive (ORa = 4.10; 95% CI = 1.06-15.90). In conclusion moderate or high qualitative and quantitative job stressors as well as career development increased risk hypertension. Therefore these stressors need to be prevented. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:177-84) Keywords: hypertension, qualitative job stressor, quantitative job stressor, career development

High intensity interior aircraft noise increases the risk of high diastolic blood pressure in Indonesian Air Force pilots Siagian, Minarma; Basuki, Bastaman; Kusmana, Dede
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 18, No 4 (2009): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim: To analyze the effects of aircraft noise, resting pulse rate, and other factors on the risk of high diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in Indonesian Air Force pilots.Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted using data extracted from annual medical check-ups indoctrination aerophysiologic training records at the Saryanto Aviation and Aerospace Health Institute (LAKESPRA) in Jakarta from January 2003 â September 2008. For analysis of DBP: the case group with DBP â¥ 90 mmHg were compared with contral group with DBP < 79 mmHG. One case matched to 12 controls.Results: Out of 567 pilots, 544 (95.9%) had complete medical records. For this analysis there were 40 cases of high DBP and 480 controls for DBP. Pilots exposed to aircraft noise 90-95 dB rather than 70-80 dB had a 2.7-fold increase for high DBP [adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 2.70; 95% confi dence interval (CI ) = 1.05-6.97]. Pilots with resting pulse rates of â¥ 81/minute rather than â¤ 80/minute had a 2.7-fold increase for high DBP (ORa = 2.66; 95% CI = 1.26-5.61). In terms of total fl ight hours, pilots who had 1401-11125 hours rather than 147-1400 hours had a 3.2-fold increase for high DBP (ORa = 3.18; 95% CI = 1.01-10.03).Conclusion: High interior aircraft noise, high total flight hours,Â and high resting pulse rate, increased risk for high DBP. Self assessment of resting pulse rate can be used to control the risk of high DBP. (Med J Indones 2009; 276: 276-82)Keywords: diastolic blood pressure, aircraft noise, resting pulse rate, military pilots

Low physical activity work-related and other risk factors increased the risk of poor physical fitness in cement workers Diana, Ditha; Basuki, Bastaman; Kurniarobbi, Jull
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 18, No 3 (2009): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim Low physical activity causes poor physical fitness, which leads to low productivity. The objective of this studyÂ was to determine the effects of low work-related physical activity and other risk factors on physical fitness.Methods This study was done in February 2008. Subjects were workers from 15 departments in PT Semen Padang,Â West Sumatera (Indonesia). Data on physical activities were collected using the questionnaire from the Student FieldÂ Work I Guidebook and Hypertension â Geriatric Integrated Program of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia2003. Physical fitness was measured using the Harvard Step Test.Results A number of 937 male workers aged 18 â 56 years participated in this study. Poor physical fitness wasÂ found in 15.9% of the subjects. Low work-related physical activity, smoking, lack of exercise, hypertension, diabetesÂ mellitus, and asthma were dominant risk factors related to poor physical fi tness. Subjects with low compared to highÂ work-related activity had a ten-fold risk of poor physical fitness [adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 10.71; 95% confidenceÂ interval (CI) = 4.71â24.33]. In term of physical exercise, subjects who had no compared to those who had physicalÂ exercise had a six-fold risk of poor physical fitness (ORa = 6.30; 95%CI = 3.69-10.75).Conclusion Low work-related physical activities, smoking, lack of exercise, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, andÂ sthma were correlated to poor physical fi tness. It is, among others, therefore necessary to implement exercises forÂ workers with poor physical fitness. (Med J Indones. 2009;18:201-5)Key words: exercise test, occupational healths, physical fitness

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