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Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Meranti Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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Pengaruh tanaman penutup tanah Nephrolepis biserrata dan teras gulud terhadap aliran permukaan dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Mira Ariyanti; S. Yahya; K. Murtilaksono; Suwarto Suwarto; Hasril Hasan Siregar
Kultivasi Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.102 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v15i2.11889

Abstract

Penanaman tanaman penutup tanah (TPT) dikategorikan sebagai kegiatan yang mendukung ISPO (Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil System) yaitu pemeliharaan tanaman dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman.  Nephrolepis biserrata merupakan salah satu gulma yang banyak tumbuh di kebun kelapa sawit, toleran naungan sehingga dapat ditanam sebagai TPT di areal kebun kelapa sawit menghasilkan. Secara mekanik, diaplikasikan teras gulud sebagai bangunan konservasi yang merupakan paduan penanaman TPT dalam mengurangi aliran permukaan, meningkatkan resapan air ke dalam tanah sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui berapa besar N.biserrata dan teras gulud mengurangi aliran permukaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Agustus 2014-April 2015 di unit usaha Rejosari PTPN VII, Lampung Selatan, menggunakan rancangan blok terpisah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lahan yang diberi teras gulud dan ditanami N.biserrata, tanpa teras gulud dan ditanami N.biserrata, teras gulud tanpa ditanami N.biserrata efektif mengurangi aliran permukaan berturut-turut sebesar 95.7 %, 80.0% dan 63.4%. Teras gulud dan tanaman penutup tanah N.biserrata mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kelapa sawit terutama pada peubah pertumbuhan jumlah pelepah dan jumlah pelepah patah. Kata kunci : Nephrolepis biserrata, tanaman penutup tanah, teras gulud, aliran permukaan, kelapa sawit
Permodelan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kelapa Sawit pada Berbagai Taraf Penunasan Pelepah Nope Gromikora; Sudirman Yahya; suwarto ,
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 42 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (754.027 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v42i3.9179

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe numbers of leaf frond influence oil palm yield, especially fresh fruit bunch weight and fresh fruit bunch production. The objective of this research was to obtain oil palm growth and production model for different levels of frond pruning. The experiment was conducted at PT. Astra Agro Lestari, Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan, from August 2010 to February 2012. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with two factors and three replications for each oil palm age. The first factor was numbers of unpruned frond and the second factors was pruning seasons. The frond treatment consisted of 41-48, 49-56, and 57-64 fronds. The pruning seasons consisted of first period (early to mid rainy season: September-December), second period (mid to end of rainy season: Januari-April), and third period (dry season: May-August). Stella production model was created based on pruning experiment and weather data. The constructed production model was able to estimate 75% variable of oil palm production and fresh fruit bunch weight at different levels of pruning. Keywords: oil palm, pruning management, Stella model
Pertumbuhan Tithonia diversifolia dengan Dosis Pupuk Kandang dan Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda Lia Desyrakhmawati; Maya Melati; Suwarto ,; Wiwik Hartatik
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 43 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (645.092 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v43i1.9595

Abstract

Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) is a invansive weed but it can be used as continuous and on-farm source of nutrient for organic farming system. The objective of this study was to investigate growth and biomass production of T. diversifolia with different rates of chicken manure and plant spacings. The experiment was conducted at Cikarawang, Bogor, on Inceptisol soil type, from October 2011 until January 2012. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The rates of chicken manure were  0, 2.5, 5 and 10 ton ha-1, while the plant spacings were 50 cm x 50 cm and 75 cm x 75 cm. The interaction effect between manure rates and plant spacing was significant on nett assimilation rate at 4-8 weeks after planting, but it was not significant on biomass production. The highest dry weight of biomass (1,129.1 kg ha-1) was obtained from the addition of 10 ton chicken manure ha-1 with the potential contribution as much as 55.47 kg N, 4.54 kg P, 88.54 kg K per hectare. The highest dry weight of biomass produced with planting distance 50 cm x 50 cm (897 kg ha-1). Referring to the results, it can be recommended that the cultivation of T. diversifolia at the first planting needs 10 ton chicken manure ha-1 and the planting distance of 50 cm x 50 cm.Keywords: biomass production, Mexican sun flower, nett assimilation ratio, nutrient contributio, weed
Perancangan Model Pertanian Terpadu Tanaman-Ternak dan Tanaman-Ikan di Perkampungan Teknologi Telo, Riau Suwarto ,; Agustinus Tri Aryanto; Irzal Effendi
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 43 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (539.013 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v43i2.10424

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Telo Technology Village of Bangkinang Seberang, Kampar, Riau was built on reclaimed land of C-mining excavation. On this land will be settled a number of farmer households pursue an area of 2,000 m2 in each. They should be able to maximize the land use to meet family needs adequately. In order to develop integrated farming system composed of crop, livestock, and fish productions, data were collected through interviews and literature. This study was conducted from February to July 2013. Models of integrated farming were designed and evaluated for its feasibility ecologically and economically using dynamic model Stella 9.2. Based on the models, integrated farming of spinach-kangkong-chili, cattle-laying ducks and Thai catfish-Tilapia fish will be able to provide an adequate income. Therefore area of 2,000 m2 is feasible for integrated farming, settlements and other households activities.Keywords: high mapping layer, LEISA, nutrient cycle
Efisiensi Penggunaan Cahaya Matahari dan Partisi Karbohidrat Tanaman Sorgum pada Berbagai Tingkat Pemupukan Nitrogen Firmansyah Aznur; Suwarto ,; dan Heni Purnamawati
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 45 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.4 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v45i3.13580

Abstract

Light use efficiency (LUE) determines biomass production based on interception energy during photosynthesis. The product of photosynthesis is allocated to the plants organs based on the partitioning of carbohydrates. The LUE and carbohydrate partitioning are two important parameters in crop modelling. The research was conducted at Cikabayan experimental station of IPB, Bogor from July to November 2015. The experiment was designed according to a randomize block design with five replications. The fertilizer treatments rate were 0%, 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% of reference N fertilization of 120 kg ha-1.  The  value  of  light use efficiency and the partition coefficient of sorghum were not affected by N fertilization. The value of light use efficiency is 1.41 g MJ-1. The carbohydrates partitioning was developed based on plant growth stage. The partition from the planting to the emergence stage (0 ≤ s ≤ 0.25) was 0.81 x s/0.25 root, 0 stem, 0.19 x s/0.25 leaves, and 0 panicle. The partition from the emergence to the maximum vegetative stage (0.25 < s ≤ 0.5) was 0.81-(0.59 x s/0.5) root, 0.14 x s/0.5  stem, 0.19 + (0.45 x s/0.5) leaves, and 0 panicle. The partition from the maximum vegetative stage to the flowering stage (0.5 < s ≤ 0.75) was 0.22 - (0.09 x s/0.75) root, 0.14 + (0.39 x s/0.75) stem, 0.64 - (0.46 x s/0.75) leaves, and 0.16 x s/0.75 panicle. The partition from flowering to the harvest stage (0.75 < s ≤ 1) was 0.13 - (0.13 x s) root, 0.53 - (0.52 x s) stem, 0.18-(0.18 x s) leaves, and 0.16 + (0.84 x s) panicle.Keywords: crop modelling, light use efficiency, N fertilizer, partitioning carbohydrates
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Sorgum di Tanah Latosol dengan Aplikasi Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen dan Fosfor yang Berbeda Ratna Suminar; Suwarto ,; dan Heni Purnamawati
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 45 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (432.401 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v45i3.14515

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is prospective crop for food as well as feed and bioenergy. It adapts to wide agroclimate and agroecology. However, the productivity is accounted low in Indonesia. Low productivity of sorghum can be enhanced through intensification, e.g., precise dose of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers application. The aim of this research was to determine the optimum dose of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to maximize growth and yield of sorghum in latosol soil, in order to develop fertilizer recommendation on specific soil type. The research was conducted at Cikarawang, Bogor from March to July 2015. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were arranged and applied simultaneously using randomized completely block design with three replications. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in five levels, i.e., 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 kg N ha-1 and phosphorus levels were 0, 18, 36, 54, 72 kg P2O5 ha-1. Results showed that the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased vegetative growth and yield components. The optimum dose were 161 kg N ha-1 (133.7%) and 43 kg P2O5 ha-1 (121.5%) for latosol soil.Keywords: fertilizer, optimum dose, soil type, vegetative, yield component
Keefektifan Bioherbisida Berbahan Baku Tepung Umbi Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) pada Berbagai Formulasi dan Dosis Ade Irma Sulistiani; M.A. Chozin; Dwi Guntoro; Suwarto
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 48 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (764.682 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v48i2.29311

Abstract

Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) merupakan salah satu gulma berbahaya pada komoditi hortikultura karena mengandung alelokimia yang dapat menghambat perkecambahan tumbuhan. Alelopati tersebut berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai bioherbisida pratumbuh untuk mengendalikan gulma berdaun lebar dan rumput. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan bioherbisida berbahan baku umbi teki pada berbagai formulasi dan dosis. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juni 2019 di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, IPB University, Bogor, untuk penanaman biji gulma. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah formulasi umbi teki (F1: tepung umbi teki, F2: tepung umbi teki + aquades, F3: tepung umbi teki + aquades + surfaktan, F4: maserat, F5: maserat + surfaktan, dan F6: pellet), dan faktor kedua adalah dosis (D1: 22.50 kg tepung ha-1, D2: 45 kg tepung ha-1, dan D3: 67.50 kg tepung ha-1) sehingga terdapat 18 unit perlakuan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa semua formulasi bioherbisida berbahan baku tepung umbi teki efektif menekan perkecambahan. Formulasi pellet merupakan formulasi yang direkomendasikan karena dalam pengaplikasiannya lebih mudah dan efisien. Dosis efektif untuk menekan perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan kecambah tanaman uji adalah 45 kg tepung ha-1. Kata kunci : A. gangetica, A. gangeticus, E. crus-galli, maserasi, pellet
Efisiensi Penggunaan Pupuk pada Sistem Pertanian Terpadu Minapadi Tri Astuti; Suwarto; Herdhata Agusta; Irzal Effendi
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 48 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (482.321 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v48i2.29995

Abstract

Minapadi adalah suatu model yang dianggap sesuai untuk diterapkan di sawah, baik pada lahan yang luas ataupun terbatas selama ketersediaan air mencukupi kebutuhan padi dan ikan untuk tumbuh. Pada minapadi terdapat pengintegrasian antara perikanan dan pertanian yang mana pengintegrasian tersebut dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan pupuk dan pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengurangan pupuk anorganik pada pertanian terpadu padi-ikan dengan sistem minapadi sehingga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktor tunggal dengan lima taraf perlakuan, yaitu: padi monokultur 100% pupuk anorganik, monokultur ikan, minapadi dengan 100% pupuk anorganik, minapadi dengan 60% pupuk anorganik, dan minapadi dengan 20% pupuk anorganik. Minapadi dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik melalui hubungan komplementer antara padi dan ikan. Pemberian pupuk anorganik 20% dosis anjuran pada minapadi menghasilkan produktivitas padi tidak berbeda nyata dengan minapadi 60% dan 100% dosis anjuran dan dengan padi monokultur 100% dosis anjuran. Minapadi dapat menghemat 80% pupuk anorganik sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Kelangsungan hidup ikan dan berat ikan pada minapadi tidak berbeda nyata dengan monokultur ikan. Kata kunci: monokultur, produktivitas, pupuk anorganik, unsur hara
The Efisiensi Penggunaan Nitrogen pada Padi Gogo Varietas IPB 9G Suwarto; Defiyanto Djami Adi; Iskandar Lubis; Sugiyanta
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 49 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (289.552 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v49i1.33626

Abstract

Beras merupakan makanan pokok di Indonesia. Beberapa varietas padi gogo unggul baru telah dilepas dan perlu dilengkapi pemupukan yang akurat di lokasi tertentu. Salah satu jenis pupuk tersebut adalah nitrogen (N). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi penggunaan N pada padi gogo IPB 9G sebagai respon terhadap dosis pupuk N. Dosis pupuk yang diaplikasikan adalah 0, 46, 92, 138, dan 184 kg N ha-1 dalam bentuk urea (46% N). Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan di Darmaga, Bogor pada Maret-Juli 2018. Petak percobaan berukuran 3.5 m x 3.0 m. Padi gogo ditanam dengan jarak 50 cm x 10 cm. Efisiensi penggunaan N dinilai dari pertumbuhan padi, serapan N, efisiensi agronomi dan fisiologis. Peningkatan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan mengikuti peningkatan dosis N. Serapan N dan hasil gabah memiliki respon kuadratik terhadap dosis N dan dapat menjadi indikator efisiensi pemupukan N. Serapan N dan hasil gabah yang maksimum diperoleh dari dosis pupuk N yang hampir sama, rata-rata 143.8 kg N ha-1 (312.5 kg urea ha-1). Untuk efisiensi pemupukan N padi gogo IPB 9G pada tanah dengan N total sedang (0.27%) di musim kering dapat diaplikasikan 143.8 kg N ha-1 (urea 312.5 kg N ha-1). Kata kunci: efisiensi agronomis, efisiensi fisiologis, hasil biji, serapan N
Produksi dan Kualitas Umbi serta Ketahanan terhadap Hama pada Bawang Merah Arief Fidiansyah; Sudirman Yahya; Suwarto
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 49 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (389.806 KB) | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v49i1.33761

Abstract

Penggunaan pupuk anorganik yang tinggi dalam jangka panjang pada pemupukan bawang merah disertai tingginya biaya pemupukan anorganik dapat mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan pupuk kotoran kambing dengan dosis pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kualitas bawang merah, serta ketahanan terhadap hama. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim kemarau di bulan September hingga Desember 2019 di Desa Sukorejo, Nganjuk dengan kondisi suhu 23-33 oC dan ketinggian 60 sampai 140 mdpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan petak tersarang (nested design), empat ulangan dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu pupuk kandang yang terdiri atas dua taraf, dan faktor kedua yaitu pupuk anorganik yang terdiri atas lima taraf. Pupuk anorganik yang digunakan yaitu urea, KCl, dan NPK. Dosis acuan pupuk anorganik menggunakan dosis petani setempat. Pupuk kandang tidak berhasil mengurangi dosis pupuk anorganik pada pertumbuhan bawang merah. Pemberian pupuk kandang secara nyata menurunkan tinggi tanaman 36.88 cm lebih rendah dari tanpa pupuk kandang 39.03 cm tetapi meningkatkan jumlah daun, jumlah anakan dan bobot umbi per rumpun. Penambahan pupuk organik kotoran kambing menyebabkan persentase kerusakan bawang merah 1.40% pada umbi 6 minggu setelah simpan (MSS) tetapi masih di bawah 5% sesuai syarat mutu SNI 01-3159-1992 bawang merah. Kata kunci: bobot umbi, kotoran kambing, pupuk kandang, Super Philip
Co-Authors Ade Irma Sulistiani Adi, Defiyanto Djami Agustinus Tri Aryanto Ahmad Faris Abrori Arief Fidiansyah Astri Muliasari, Ade Dwi Guntoro Edi Santosa Eko Sulistyono Elizabet Sagala Firmansyah Aznur Fitri Gumayanti Giansar Prastowo Hariyadi Hasril Hasan Siregar Herdhata Agusta Hesti Paramita Sari Ignatius Harry Tri Pambudi Irzal Effendi Iskandar Lubis Istiqlaliyah Muflikhati Iwan Prihantoro Jeremia C.L. Tobing K. Murtilaksono Laila Wati Krisna Lubis Lia Desyrakhmawati M.A. Chozin Maghfirah Maya Melati Mira Ariyanti Muhamad Syukur Muhammad dan Heni Purnamawati Haryadi Danang Faqihhudin Nope Gromikora Priambodo, Oktanindita Radhiya Nur Anwar Ratna Suminar Ratna Suminar Rochmah, Hidayati Fatchur S. Yahya Santikayasa, I Putu Sopyan Zaman Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sudirman Yahya Sugiyanta Tati Budiarti Tri Astuti Tyas Arumsari Wiwik Hartatik