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PENGARUH KOMPOSISI ARAH LAPISAN TERHADAP SIFAT PAPAN BAMBU KOMPOSIT Sulastiningsih, I.M.; Ruhendi, Surdiding; Massijaya, Muh. Yusram; Darmawan, Wayan; Santoso, Adi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 32, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi arah lapisan terhadap sifat papan bambu komposit (PBK). Jenis bambu yang digunakan adalah bambu andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) berumur sekitar 4 tahun yang diperoleh dari tanaman rakyat di Jawa Barat. Bilah bambu andong yang digunakan untuk membuat PBK diberi perlakuan pendahuluan dengan jalan direndam dalam larutan boron 7% selama 2 jam. Produk PBK 5 lapis dibuat dengan 4 macam variasi komposisi arah lapisan. Bambu lamina dibuat dengan menggunakan perekat isosianat water based polymer-isocyanate (WBPI) dengan berat labur perekat 250 g/m2 permukaan, dikempa dingin dengan lama pengempaan 45 menit.ÃÂ Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kerapatan, kadar air, pengembangan tebal, dan pengembangan lebar PBK berturut-turut adalah 0,79g/cm3, 12,60%, 2,38%, dan 1,13%. Kualitas perekatan PBK yang dibuat dengan perekat isosianat (WBPI) cukup baik yang ditunjukkan oleh tidak terjadinya delaminasi pada semua contoh uji untuk pengujian delaminasi. Keteguhan rekat rata-rata (uji kering) PBK yang dibuat dari bambu andong dengan perekat isosianat adalah 70,4 kg/cm2. ÃÂ Sifat fisis dan mekanis PBK sangat dipengaruhi oleh komposisi arah lapisan penyusun PBK. Sifat mekanis PBK menurun dengan meningkatnya jumlah lapisan silang dalam komposisi lapisan penyusun PBK. Sebaliknya keberadaan lapisan silang dalam komposisi lapisan penyusun PBK meningkatkan kestabilan dimensi PBK yang dihasilkan.

Analisis sifat dasar kayu hasil hutan tanaman rakyat I Kentut Pandit; Dodi Nandika; I Wayan Darmawan
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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The research done based on the fact that the log from natural forest could not fullfil the need of domestic forest industry. Annual available cut from natural forest in the year 2007 was only 9.1 million m3 while forest industry domestic country in the year 2005 reached 44.5 million m3. Raw material crisis was the most problem facing by domestic forest industry and the solution could be come soon as posible. The establishment of social plantation forest is one of the government program to solved the lack of forest industry raw materials. The species for social plantation forest are available more than enough. Previous research done in the year 2009 shown taht most of HTR log was small diameter, short sortimen, heart wood presentation of juvenile wood was very high. The result of research shown that the basic characteristics of three species of HTR namely: Jabon, sengon and pulai have a good colour (bright), moderate texture, fibre is slim to interlocked, have no decoratif form, bulk density low. The characteristic of 6 species HTR was: variation in colour, good texture until moderate, fibre direct until interlocked, the wood have beautiful decoration, moderate bulk density. Basic of characteristic of wood is very important in affacting the quality of the products. An effort to increase the quality of HTR wood should be done so that the use of HTR product becaming important to suggest the developing of creative industry.

Ciri Finir Kupas Kayu Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) Abigael Kabe; Wayan Darmawan; Muh. Yusram Massijaya
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 3 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Fast growing jabon is largely rotary-cut to produce veneer for plywood, com-ply, and LVL. In order to provide better information on veneer production and utilization, in this study the effects of wood juvenility and veneer thickness on lathe checks of jabon rotary-cut veneer were evaluated. Before veneer manufacturing, the jabon log was boiled at 50 and 75 °C for 4 and 8 hours respectively. The boiled logs were peeled to produce veneer of 1 and 2 mm thick. Lathe checks of veneers were measured under an optical video microscope. The rotary-cut veneer was grouped and evaluated separately at every segmented ring of 1 cm from pith to bark. The results showed that wood juvenility and veneer thickness had an important effect on lathe checks for the rotary-cut veneer. In general, the number of lathe check of the veneer increases with increasing veneer thickness and increase from pith to bark. Boiling of logs before rotary-cutting could decrease the value of lathe check. The results indicated that boiling of logs at 50 °C for 8 hours, and at 75 °C for 4 and 8 hours could minimize the number of lathe checks in manufacturing of 1 and 2 mm rotary-cut veneer from juvenile wood jabon.

Karakteristik Aus Mata Pisau Terlapisi Bahan Pengeras pada Pemotongan Kayu Mersawa dan Papan Partikel Fauzan Fahrussiam; Wayan Darmawan; Imam Wahyudi; Hiroshi Usuki; Masahiro Yoshinobu; Shuhou Koseki
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

The use of mersawa wood and particleboard as a materials has been increasing for building constructions and decorative purpose. In previous study reported that, these materials provide a high rate of wear caused by abrasion (high silica) and resin content. This article presents the characteristics of wear on the clearance face of newly multilayer-coated K10 cutting tools when milling mersawa wood and particleboard. The K10 cutting tools were coated with monolayer titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN), multilayer TiAlN/titanium silicon nitride (TiSiN), and TiAlN/titanium boron nitride (TiBN). Mersawa wood with density of 0.80 g/cm3 and particleboard with a density of 0.61 g/cm3 were cut using the coated tools and uncoated K10. Cutting tests were performed on computer numeric control router at a high cutting speed of 17 m/s and a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev to investigate the wear characteristics on the clearance face of these coated tools. Result of research shown that the coated tools experienced a smaller amount of wear than the uncoated tool when cutting the mersawa and particleboard. The best coating among other coated in this study was multilayer TiAlN/TiBN. The high hardness, low coefficient of friction, high resistance to oxidation, and high resistance to delamination wear of the multilayer-coated TiAlN/TiBN tool indicate a very promising applicability of this coating for high-speed cutting of abrasive woods and wood based materials.

Intensitas Fungsi Modal Sosial untuk Penguatan Posisi Tawar Pengrajin dalam Pemasaran Souvenir Olahan Limbah Kelapa . Dumasari; Sulistyani Budiningsih; Wayan Darmawan; Imam Santosa
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

A weak bargaining position in product marketing is a serious problem for farmers including those who diversify their livelihood patterns as souvenir craftsmen. Collector traders and retailers are dominant to set prices for souvenirs. Souvenir craftsmen surrender to accept any price level determination. As a consequence, souvenir craftsmen in the villages of Baturaden and Purbalingga Wetan have difficulties in earning profits from micro-souvenir businesses. The results of this study found that a solution to overcome the problem of the weak bargaining position of craftsmen in marketing souvenir products is through the use of a social-capital creation approach. The intensity of network functions of cooperation, mutual trust, values, and norms have different values in each bargaining position activity. Price domination by collectors and retailers is not only due to the dilemma of patron-client relationships. The qualities of souvenir products that are still not qualified turned out to be the cause of the weak bargaining position of craftsmen. The creation of social capital has a real function to strengthen the bargaining position of craftsmen in marketing souvenirs. The intensity of the function of social capital needs to be increased through the development of product quality, bargaining courage, and the ability to make price decisions in an agreement.

Ciri Anatomi, Morfologi Serat, dan Sifat Fisis Tiga Jenis Lesser-Used Wood Species Asal Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia Sarah Augustina; Imam Wahyudi; I Wayan Darmawan; Jamaludin Malik
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 4 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.25.4.599

The purpose of this study was to analyze anatomical characteristics, fiber morphology, and several important physical properties of nyatoh (Palaquium lanceolatum), pisang putih (Sindora walichii), and sepetir (Mezzettia leptopoda) wood from North Kalimantan in order to support the proper utilization of each wood species. All parameters were analyzed using their standard procedures. Results showed that anatomical characteristics of nyatoh wood are the vessels predominantly are in radial multiples and contained tyloses, ray parenchyma is mostly uniseriate and even, while axial parenchyma is in narrow tangential line with irregularly spaced. For pisang putih wood, the vessels are exclusively solitary, ray parenchyma of two distinct sizes, while axial parenchyma are in continuous tangential bands with irregularly spaced. In case of sepetir wood, the vessel is in radial and diagonal patterns, rays tend to have two different sizes, axial parenchyma is vasicentric to aliform, and has the axial resin canals in continuous tangential bands. Average values of fiber length and fiber wall thickness are 1904 and 3.61 µm (nyatoh), 1708 and 4.51 µm (pisang putih), and 1337 and 3.39 µm (sepetir), respectively; while the mean values of specific gravity and T/R-ratio are 0.42 and 1.41 (nyatoh), 0.37 and 2.34 (pisang putih), and 0.32 and 1.40 (sepetir), respectively. Nyatoh wood is categorized as the Strength Class of III, while pisang putih and sepetir woods are categorized as the Strength Class of IV. Compared to pisang putih and sepetir woods, nyatoh wood is more potential for pulp, paper, and furniture manufacturing. Keywords: anatomical characteristics, fiber morphology, lesser-used wood species, physical properties

Pengawetan Bambu dengan Metode Boucherie Rumanintya Lisaria Putri; Lya Rochmawati; Dodi Nandika; I Wayan Darmawan
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 4 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.25.4.618

Bamboo is known as fast-growing species that could be derived into various products. However, bamboo is suspectible to the wood destroying organisms. Preservation is one way to improve the service life of bamboo. This study aimed to analyze the effect of differences in anatomical structures of betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) and andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae (Steudel) Widjaja), and the effect of pressure on the flow time and retention of entiblu preservative in the Boucherie method. Bamboo stems with diameters of 10-14 cm were cut in 1; 1,5; 2; and 2,5 m lengths. The bamboo stems with moisture content of around 30% were preserved by 5% of entiblu preservative solution. The data observed were the flow time of the preservative entiblu solution from base of the stem until dripping on the top of the bamboo culm, and the retention of preservative. The anatomical structure of the bamboo trunk before preserving was also observed. The results showed that the average flow times in andong bamboo and betung bamboo were 37.75 minutes and 41.50 minutes, respectively. The average retention of entiblu solution on andong bamboo was 3.49 kg/m³ and on betung bamboo was 3.60 kg/m³. Keywords: andong bamboo, betung bamboo, anatomical structure, boucherie method, entiblu preservative

Effects of Nodes on the Properties of Laminated Bamboo Lumber I. M. Sulastiningsih; Surdiding Ruhendi; Muh. Yusram Massijaya; I Wayan Darmawan; Adi Santoso
Wood Research Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2013.4.1.19-24

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of node on the properties of laminated bamboo lumber (LBL) glued with water based polymer-isocyanate adhesive. Bamboo strips for LBL fabrication were prepared from andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea) collected from private gardens in West Java. Each bamboo strip has dimension of 40 cm x 2 cm x 0.5 cm. The bamboo strips were assigned into 3 groups by the node positions: without node, with node position of 10 cm from one end of the bamboo strip, and with node position in the centre of the bamboo strip. Prior LBL fabrication, the bamboo strips were treated by cold soaking in 7% boron solution for 2 h. The laboratory scale 3-layer laminated bamboo lumbers were manufactured with 5 different layer compositions: all layers made of bamboo strips without node, inner layer made of bamboo strips with nodes at 10 cm from one end of the strip, inner layer made of bamboo strips with nodes at the centre of the strip, all layers made of bamboo strips with nodes at 10 cm from one end of the strip, and all layers made of bamboo strips with nodes at the centre of the strip. The glue spread and cold pressing time applied were 250 g/m2 and 1 h, respectively.The results showed that the average density, moisture content, thickness swelling, bending strength and compression strength of laminated bamboo lumbers were 0.74 g/cm3, 11.3%, 2.9%, 1090 kg/cm2,and560 kg/ cm2, respectively. No delamination occurred in all samples, indicating high bonding quality. The average bonding strength (dry test) of laminated bamboo lumbers was 70.3 kg/cm2. Several properties of laminated bamboo lumber were not significantly affected by the present of nodes in the bamboo strips except the thickness swelling and compression strength.

This paper presents the effect of extractive and abrasive material of tropical timber (Damar Laut, Mersawa, and Oil Palm wood) and of composite products (Fiber Board and Cement Board) on the wearing of high speed steel and tungsten carbide cutting tools. The extractive content provides a significant contribution on the chemical wearing of the cutting tools. Oil palm wood and Mersawa wood contain extractives which are more corrosive compared to other wood species tested. Mechanical wear resista Wayan DARMAWAN; Irsan ALIPRAJA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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This paper presents the effect of extractive and abrasive material of tropical timber (Damar Laut, Mersawa, and Oil Palm wood) and of composite products (Fiber Board and Cement Board) on the wearing of high speed steel and tungsten carbide cutting tools. The extractive content provides a significant contribution on the chemical wearing of the cutting tools. Oil palm wood and Mersawa wood contain extractives which are more corrosive compared to other wood species tested. Mechanical wear resistance is influenced by the abrasive material contained in the wood, especially silica, both in wood and wood composite products. Mersawa wood caused the cutting tools wear faster than other types of solid wood. Cement board as a composite product caused the damaged of the cutting edge of high speed steel tool due to high abrasive materials contained in the the cement board. Tungsten carbide tool has higher wear resistance than high speed steel tool. Keywords : wear resistance, high speed steel, tungsten carbide, silica, extractive

Wood products exposed outdoor could be weathered, especially in the tropical region with high in sun light intensity, rain intensity, and relative humidity. An effort that could be done to protect and enhance wood performance is finishing. The purpose of this research is to understand the durability of finishing layer of the finished wood exposed outdoor. The effects of surface condition of boards (planed and unplaned), sawing pattern (quarter sawn and plain sawn), and type of wood finishes (Ult Wayan DARMAWAN; Itan Iskova PURBA
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Wood products exposed outdoor could be weathered, especially in the tropical region with high in sun light intensity, rain intensity, and relative humidity. An effort that could be done to protect and enhance wood performance is finishing. The purpose of this research is to understand the durability of finishing layer of the finished wood exposed outdoor. The effects of surface condition of boards (planed and unplaned), sawing pattern (quarter sawn and plain sawn), and type of wood finishes (Ultran Lasur UV and Ultran Politur P-03 UV) were studied. The experimental results showed that finishing layer of Meranti batu was the lowest in durability. The results also indicated that durability of finishing layer depicted by unplanned and plain sawn boards were lower than that of the planed and quarter sawn board. The finishing layer was considered to provide a good protection to the surfaces of board against failures. The presence of failure due to microbial disfigurement and cracking on the surfaces of the finished samples (in average) were 15% and 18% consecutively. On the other hand, the percentages of failure were observed to be 95% due to microbial disfigurement and 81% due to cracking for the unfinished wood. Comparing the two exterior wood finishes used in this experiment, it was found that Ultran Politur P-03 UV provided almost the same protection against microbial disfigurement and cracking compared to Ultran Lasur UV. Keywords : Exterior finishing layer, microbe stain, surface crack, surface check

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