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The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil trunk. The result showed that in term of the vertical direction the lower part of stem had better physical (density, moisture content and shrinkage) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, hardness, compressive and tensile strength parallel to grain) properties compared with medium and upper end part. In the horizontal direction the edge part of trunk had better physical and mech Apri Heri ISWANTO; Tito SUCIPTO; Irawati AZHAR; Zahrial COTO; Fauzi FEBRIANTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil trunk. The result showed that in term of the vertical direction the lower part of stem had better physical (density, moisture content and shrinkage) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, hardness, compressive and tensile strength parallel to grain) properties compared with medium and upper end part. In the horizontal direction the edge part of trunk had better physical and mechanical properties than medium and center part. Keywords : horizontal direction, palm oil stem, physical pro-perties, mechanical properties, vertical direction

Indonesia has various hardwood species which are known for their low permeability, means difficult to be flown by fluid. The fluid absorption into wood is important especially in preservative treatments, in the treatment before slicing wood sampels for wood anatomy and in wetting air dried wood sampels for specific gravity analyses. The low water absorption of wood are caused by the air presence in cell lumen which could block the water absorption into wood, and anatomy structure of wood itselv Istie SEKARTINING RAHAYU; Zahrial COTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 1 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Indonesia has various hardwood species which are known for their low permeability, means difficult to be flown by fluid. The fluid absorption into wood is important especially in preservative treatments, in the treatment before slicing wood sampels for wood anatomy and in wetting air dried wood sampels for specific gravity analyses. The low water absorption of wood are caused by the air presence in cell lumen which could block the water absorption into wood, and anatomy structure of wood itselves. One methode to overcome this problem was vacuum treatment. The aim of this research was to increase water absorption in cold water soak methode in 6 wood species (Pterocarpus indicus Willd, Nephelium lappaceum L., Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk., Paraserianthes falcataria L., Shorea spp, Dipterocarpus spp) through vacuum treatment. The size of wood samples were 5 x 5 x 20 cm for cross section orientation, 5 x 5 x 10 cm for radial and tangential orientation with 3 replicants. These wood samples were treated with 5 different treatments : vacuum treatment for 1 hour and cold water soak process for 24 hours (V), vacuum treatment for 2 hours and cold water soak process for 24 hours (VV), vacuum treatment for 3 hours and cold water soak process for 24 hours (VVV), vacuum treatment for 1 hour, cold wtaer soak for 1 hour, and vacuum treatment again for 1 hour and cold water soak process for 24 hours (VRV), dan vacuum and soaking treatment simultaneously for 5 hours and cold water soak process for 24 hours (VRVRV) and as control, without vacuum treatment, just cold water soak process for 24 hours. The results of this research showed vacuum treatment could increase water absorption. The highest value of moisture content was obtained at cross section direction in all wood species, followed by tangential and radial direction. However, every wood species showed different reactions to these five different treatments. Keywords:

Wood has specific base properties of thermal and combustion. Since being grew normally at marginal soil of mining area, sengon buto, waru and gmelina woods were objectified to investigate thermophisic aspect of their usage as substitution fuel in cement production. Examination based on species, ages and horizontal positions of those woods showed that mean of heating value in oven dry and air dry condition was 4.505 kkal/kg and 4.084 kkal/kg, respectively. Determination of wood substitution to or Tekat DWI CAHYONO; Zahrial COTO; Fauzi FEBRIANTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 1 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Wood has specific base properties of thermal and combustion. Since being grew normally at marginal soil of mining area, sengon buto, waru and gmelina woods were objectified to investigate thermophisic aspect of their usage as substitution fuel in cement production. Examination based on species, ages and horizontal positions of those woods showed that mean of heating value in oven dry and air dry condition was 4.505 kkal/kg and 4.084 kkal/kg, respectively. Determination of wood substitution to ordinary fuel was acquired by accumulating heating value with prediction value of plantation biomass potency; and enquiry for 850 ha mining area resulted that waru wood will contribute about 5,14% to coal total requisite per year, gmelina and sengon buto will contribute about 5,03% and 4,49%, respectively. Keywords: Wood, heating value, substitution fuel

PENGARUH PERENDAMAN PARTIKEL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI AMPAS TEBU (Saccharum officinarum) Apri Heri Iswanto; Zahrial Coto; Kurniawansyah Effendy
PERENNIAL Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v4i1.176

The objective of this research is to research the effect of particle soaking to physical and mechanical properties particleboard that resulted. The best result of particleboard is particleboard with treatment of hot water soaking. From this result obtained average of physical properties of particleboard (i.e. density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling) are 0.7 g/cm3; 9.58%; 52.27%; 10.05%. While the result average of mechanical properties of particleboard (i.e. Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of Elasticity, Internal Bond and Screw Holding Power) are 118.79 kg/cm2; 8.909 kg/cm2; 1.85 kg/cm2; 28.40 kg. Key words: Soaking, bagasse, particleboard, physical and mechanical properties References

PERBAIKAN KARAKTERISTIK KAYU KELAPA HIBRIDA MELALUI METODE PEMANASAN DAN PEMADATAN . Suhasman; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Zahrial Coto
PERENNIAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2009)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v5i1.183

For optimum utilization of coconut wood, there are necessity to improve the quality of the wood caused by higroscopicity, low dimensional stability, and extreme variability of dimension in lateral direction. The purpose of the research were to analyze the characteristics of coconut wood that had been treated by heating and densification. The treatment consist of one or two hours heating, one hour heating combined to 10 or 20% densification, two hours heating combined to 10 or 20% densification. Temperature that applied for all specimen were 180 oC. The research results are as follows: (1) Heating treatment combined to densification effective to reduce higroscopicity of coconut wood, (2) Heating treatment for two hours are suffice as pretreatment to densify the soft part of coconut wood for 20%, (3) Dimensional stability of coconut wood may improve using heating combined to densification treatments that indicated by decreasing rate of dimensional change, (4) Heating and densification treatment effective to improve the hardness of soft part coconut wood. Keywords : coconut wood, heating treatment, densification References

Since the 1970s, energy has been a significant product of forest-related biomass. The use of wood to provide industrial heat and electricity has become important to the economic viability of the forest product and other industry. Growing normally at marginal soil of mining area, Leuchaena leucocephala, Samanea saman, Sesbandia grandiflora, Glirisidia maculate, Pterocarpus indica, Enterolobium cylocarpum, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and Gmelina arborea woods were analysed to investigate heat value and Tekat Dwi Cahyono; Zahrial Coto; Fauzi Febrianto
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Since the 1970s, energy has been a significant product of forest-related biomass. The use of wood to provide industrial heat and electricity has become important to the economic viability of the forest product and other industry. Growing normally at marginal soil of mining area, Leuchaena leucocephala, Samanea saman, Sesbandia grandiflora, Glirisidia maculate, Pterocarpus indica, Enterolobium cylocarpum, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and Gmelina arborea woods were analysed to investigate heat value and economic feasibility of their usage as coal substitution in cement production. Examination on those woods species showed that mean of heat value in air dry condition was about 4.000 kcal/kg. As BC ratio is 2,07, then the mining plantation enterprise to provide fuel wood is feasible economically. Key words: wood, heat value, feasibility

Penurunan Kadar Air Keseimbangan dan Peningkatan Stabilitas Dimensi Kayu dengan Pemanasan dan Pengekangan Reducing Equilibrium Moisture Content and Improving Dimensional Stability of Wood through Heating and Restraining Zahrial Coto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research was intended to find out the effect of heating (drying at 100ºC) and heating plus restraining to the Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) condition and dimensional stability of four Indonesian woods. Tangential board samples about 25 cm long, 15 cm wide, 2.5 cm thick, and five replications were dried at 50ºC followed by increasing drying temperature up to 100ºC for heating treatment. Samples for multiple heating were air-dried followed by reheating at 100ºC. Samples for heating plus restraining were restrained immediately by two U-steel plates connected with four nuts and bolts. All samples were air dried for one week and measured (length, width and thickness) to the nearest 0.01 mm and weighted to the nearest 0.01 g. Samples, 2.5 cm along the grain were produced from the air-dried boards. Five samples were produced from control boards, four for the effect of time and one for control. One sample was produced from each of the three treatments. All samples were air dried and weighted to the nearest 0.01 g measured (tangential direction) to the nearest 0.01 mm. After conditioning at 50ºC (Relative Humidity = RH around 20%), all samples were re-measured and re-weighted, followed by oven dried. Moisture content at air dried and 20% RH as well as shrinkage from air dried to 20% RH were calculated.Result of the study showed that all three treatments significantly reduced the EMC condition around 2~4%. The highest decrease in EMC was observed for multiple heating treatments. No significant effect was observed for the EMC condition by restraining. All three treatments did not decrease the Rate of Dimensional Change

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