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Uji nilai kekuatan tarik serat pelepah pisang (Musa paradisiaca) sebagai bahan alternatif benang gigi biodegradable Alex Kesuma; Nina Djustiana; Yanwar Faza; Renny Febrida; Elin Karlina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Oktober 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v1i1.22126

Pendahuluan: Benang gigi dari bahan sutera dipilih karena bersifat ramah lingkungan dan biodegradable namun pemanfaatanya mendapat pertentangan dari para ahli perlindugan hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan benang gigi dari bahan serat pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca) yang diketahui bersifat biodegradable, memiliki kekuatan tarik yang cukup tinggi dan jumlahnya yang banyak di Indonesia. Metode: Jenis peneltiian berupa eksperimental laboratoris. Prosedur peneltiian dimulai dengan ekstraksi pelepah pisang dengan metode manual kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengelompokan hasil serat berdasarkan jumlah helai serat. Satu kelompok benang gigi sutera (Radius® Organic Silk Floss) dan hasil serat pisang yang telah di kelompokkan sebanyak tiga kelompok (10,15 dan 20 helai) secara berurutan disebut kelompok 1 (kontrol), 2, 3 dan 4. Semua kelompok dilakukan uji kekuatan tarik menggunakan Materials Testing Machine dan data hasil di analisis menggunakan uji statistik One-way Anova Hasil: Hasil kekuatan tarik menunjukkan kelompok 1, 2, 3 dan 4 menghasilkan nilai uji kekuatan tarik secara berurutan sebagai berikut 130.73 MPa, 141.56 MPa, 391.37 MPa dan 307.06 MPa. Hasil statistik memperlihatkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0,05) antara kelompok 1 dengan kelompok 3 dan 4, kelompok 2 dengan kelompok 3 dan 4 serta antara kelompok 3 dan 4. Sementara itu, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok 1 dan 2 (p > 0,05). Simpulan: Hasil kekuatan tarik menunjukkan kelompok 3 memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi diantara semua kelompok. Nilai kekuatan tarik serat pisang kelompok 2, 3 dan 4 lebih tinggi dari kontrol sehingga memperlihatkan serat pisang berpotensi sebagai alternatif benang gigi biodegradable.Kata kunci: Benang gigi, biodegradable, kekuatan tarik

Uji sitotoksisitas mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-silika wetspinning pada kultur sel primer L-929 sebagai aplikasi penguat jembatan gigi direkCytotoxicity test of PMMA and PMMA-silica wet spinning microfibers in L-929 primary cell culture as a direct dental bridge reinforcement application Nina Djustiana; Yanwar Faza; Andri Hardiansyah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 5, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v5i2.36304

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Jembatan gigi direk terdiri dari komponen penguat fiber dan komponen matriks resin komposit. Penggunaan sel target untuk uji sitotoksisitas dari material fiber kedokteran gigi umum dilakukan secara ekperimental uji in vitro untuk mengetahui relevansi klinis dari pengujian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sitotoksisitas dari mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-silika wetspinning dengan parameter yang berbeda terhadap kultur sel primer (cell line) fibroblas L-929. Metode: Desain penelitian berupa deksriptif kualitatif. Sel primer fibroblas L-929 diberi paparan mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-silika selama 1, 4 dan 7 hari. Uji sitotoksisitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji MTT Assay. Parameter dari mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-silika yang digunakan adalah konsentrasi dan laju alir, kemudian dibagi menjadi beberapa kelompok penelitian serta diberi nama sebagai berikut: PMMA mikrofiber sistem vertikal 250ml/jam dengan konsentrasi dalam % 0,75(A); 1(B); 1,25(C); PMMA-silika mikrofiber sistem vertikal dengan kecepatan 200 ml/jam (D), 250 ml/jam (E), 300 ml/jam (F) dan PMMA mikrofiber dengan sistem rotasi 200 ml/jam dengan konsentrasi dalam % 0,75(G);1(H), 1,25(I); PMMA-silika mikrofiber sistem rotasi dengan konsentrasi 200ml/jam(J), 250ml/jam (K), dan 300 ml/jam (L). Hasil: Uji in vitro dari gambaran sel L-929 memperlihatkan tidak terdapat Sel primer fibroblas yang mengalami kematian. Kurva pertumbuhan cell line dari setiap parameter mikrofiber memperlihatkan sel dapat berproliferasi selama masa inkubasi dan memperlihatkan kecenderungan positif dari pertumbuhan sel. Simpulan: Mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-silika wetspinning tidak memperlihatkan sifat toksisitas terhadap pertumbuhan cell line fibroblas L-929 sehingga mempunyai potensi sebagai aplikasi penguat jembatan gigi direk. Kata kunci: sitotoksisitas; sel primer fibroblas; fiber; PMMA; PMMA-silika ABSTRACTIntroduction: Direct dental bridge consists of a fiber reinforcement component and a composite resin matrix component. The use of target cells for the cytotoxicity test of dental fiber materials is generally performed by experimental in-vitro tests to determine the clinical relevance of the test. This study was aimed to examine the cytotoxicity of PMMA and PMMA-silica wet spinning microfibers with different parameters on the primary cell culture (cell line) of L-929 fibroblasts. Methods: The research design was descriptive qualitative. Primary L-929 fibroblast cells were consecutively exposed to PMMA and PMMA-silica microfibers for 1, 4, and 7 days. Cytotoxicity test was performed using the MTT Assay. Parameters of PMMA and PMMA-silica microfibers used were concentration and flow rate, then divided into several research groups and named as follows: PMMA microfiber vertical system 250ml/hour with a concentration in %: 0.75(A); 1(B); 1.25(C); PMMA-silica microfiber vertical system with the speed of 200 ml/hour (D), 250 ml/hour (E), 300 ml/hour (F) and PMMA microfiber with rotation system 200 ml/hour with a concentration in % 0.75(G );1(H), 1,25(I); PMMA-silica microfiber rotation system with concentrations of 200ml/hour (J), 250ml/hour (K), and 300 ml/hour (L). Results: In-vitro test of the L-929 cell picture showed no primary fibroblast cells that died. The cell line growth curve of each microfiber parameter shows that the cells can proliferate during the incubation period and show a positive trend of cell growth. Conclusions: PMMA and MMA-silica wet spinning microfibers did not show any toxicity to the growth of the L-929 fibroblast cell line, so they have potential as reinforcement applications for direct dental bridges. Keywords: cytotoxicity; fibroblast primary cells; fiber; PMMA; PMMA-silica

Perbedaan pelepasan ion nikel kawat ortodonti stainless steel yang direndam dalam obat kumur ekstrak buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.Differences of the nickel ions release of orthodontic stainless steel wire immersed in various concentrations of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) extract mouthwash Angeline Angeline; Nina Djustiana; Nazruddin Nazruddin
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 5, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v5i2.33407

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Pasien dengan perawatan ortodonti rentan mengalami gingivitis dan karies, sehingga dokter gigi tidak jarang meresepkan obat kumur. Namun, obat kumur komersial dapat menyebabkan pelepasan ion nikel (Ni+) pada kawat orthodonti berbahan Stainless steel (SS). Pelepasan ion nikel (Ni+) dapat berpengaruh pada tubuh manusia dan sifat mekanis logam. Buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan tanin yang dapat berperan sebagai coating agent, sehingga dapat mengurangi korosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan pelepasan ion Ni+ kawat SS yang direndam dalam obat kumur ekstrak buah mengkudu. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimental laboratories. 30 kawat direndam dalam lima kelompok. Setiap kelompok berjumlah enam sampel (rumus Federer). Kelompok kontrol yaitu: kelompok A (kontrol negatif, saliva buatan, pH 6,8) dan kelompok B (kontrol positif, klorheksidin 0,2%). Kelompok perlakuan yaitu: kelompok C (obat kumur mengkudu 2,5%), kelompok D (obat kumur mengkudu 5%) dan kelompok E (obat kumur mengkudu 7,5%). Ekstrak diperoleh secara maserasi dan uji fitokimia dilakukan untuk melihat kandungan tanin. Kawat kemudian direndam dan dimasukan dalam inkubator selama 35 hari. Pelepasan ion dianalisis dengan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) Hasil: Rerata pelepasan ion setiap harinya selama 35 hari untuk kelompok A sampai E secara berurut adalah 2,185 μg/ hari, 1,185 μg/ hari, 1,202 μg/ hari, 1,322 μg/ hari, dan 1,428 μg/ hari dan masih sesuai dengan rekomendasi WHO yaitu 25-35 μg/ hari. Uji statistik Least Significant Difference (LSD) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok (p< 0,05), tetapi tidak adanya perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok saliva dengan mengkudu 2,5% p=0,388. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan pelepasan ion Ni+ kawat SS ortodonti yang direndam dalam obat kumur ekstrak buah mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) dengan konsentrasi berbeda. Obat kumur mengkudu 2,5% merupakan konsentrasi yang paling mendekati kelompok kontrol negatif (saliva buatan). Kata kunci: stainless steel; kawat ortodonti; pelepasan ion nikel; buah mengkudu; Morinda citrifolia L. ABSTRACT Introduction: Orthodontic appliance users are prone to gingivitis and caries; thus, dentists often prescribe mouthwash. However, commercial mouthwash can cause the release of nickel ions (Ni+) in stainless steel (SS) orthodontic wires. The release of nickel ions (Ni+) can affect the human body and the mechanical properties of metals. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) contains tannins that can act as a coating agent, reducing corrosion. This study was aimed to analyse the differences in the nickel ions release of orthodontic SS wire immersed in various concentrations of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) extract mouthwash. Methods: The research was experimental laboratories. Thirty wires were immersed in five groups. Each group consisted of six samples (Federer’s formula). The control groups were: Group A (negative control, artificial saliva, pH 6.8) and Group B (positive control, 0.2% chlorhexidine). The treatment groups were: Group C (2.5% noni mouthwash), group D (5% noni mouthwash) and group E (7.5% noni mouthwash). The extract was obtained with maceration, and the phytochemical test was carried out to observe the tannin content. The wire was then immersed and kept in an incubator for 35 days. Ion release was analysed by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results: The average daily ion release for 35 days in groups A to E were 2.185 g/day, 1.185 g/day, 1.202 g/day, 1.322 g/day, and 1.428 g/day respectively, which was still following the WHO recommendations, 25-35 g/day. The Least Significant Difference (LSD) statistical test showed a significant difference between groups (p<0.05), however, there was no significant difference between the salivary group of 2.5% noni mouthwash (p=0.388). Conclusions: There are differences in the nickel ion release of orthodontic stainless steel wire immersed in noni fruit mouthwash extract with different concentrations. 2.5% noni mouthwash is the concentration with the closest result with the negative control group (artificial saliva). The higher the concentration, the higher the nickel ion release value. Keywords: stainless steel; orthodontic wire; nickel ion release; noni fruit; Morinda citrifolia L.

Sintesis partikel zirkonia-alumina-silika (ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2) dari pasir zirkon alam sebagai bahan pengisi komposit kedokteran gigiSynthesis of zirconia-alumina-silica particles (ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2) from natural zircon sand as dental composite fillers Silmina Susra; Nina Djustiana; Renny Febrida; I Made Joni
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 29, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Pendahuluan: Pasir zirkon (ZrSiO4) merupakan mineral alam yang tersusun atas zirkonia (ZrO2) dan silika (SiO2) yang berikatan dengan stabil. Zirkonia adalah salah satu material keramik kedokteran gigi yang banyak digunakan karena memiliki sifat mekanis dan biokompatibilitas yang tinggi. Zirkonia dapat dikombinasikan dengan silika dan alumina untuk membentuk suatu bahan pengisi komposit dengan sifat mekanis dan estetis yang dapat disesuaikan dengan sifat gigi kodrat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan bahan bahan pengisi komposit alternatif di bidang kedokteran gigi yang berasal dari pasir zirkon alam untuk dijadikan bahan bahan pengisi komposit. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimental laboratoris untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi partikel ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 dari bahan baku alam berupa pasir zircon dengan reaksi geopolimerisasi dan proses pemanasan suhu tinggi. Aktivator yang digunakan adalah larutan NaOH 3 mol dengan temperatur pemanasan 1100°C pada lama pemanasan 4 jam, 6 jam, dan 8 jam. Hasil: Hasil analisis uji X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan jumlah zirkonia berstruktur tetragonal terbesar ada pada sampel pemanasan 8 jam, yaitu 24%. Hasil analisis uji Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) menunjukkan rasio komposisi zirkonia-alumina-silika dengan nilai zirkonia tertinggi ada pada sampel pemanasan 8 jam, yaitu 55,7; 23,6; 20,6. Hasil analisis mikrograf Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) menunjukkan morfologi permukaan dan partikel yang tidak beraturan dan beraglomerasi. Simpulan: Sintesis partikel zirkonia-alumina-silika (ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2) dari pasir zirkon alam dengan pemanasan 8 jam ditinjau dari jumlah zirkonia berstruktur tetragonal memadai digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi komposit berdasarkan uji XRD dan EDS, namun pada uji SEM partikel berbentuk tidak beraturan dan beraglomerasi.Kata kunci: Pasir zirkon, zirkonia-alumina-silika, geopolimerisasi, bahan pengisi komposit ABSTRACTIntroduction: Zircon sand (ZrSiO4) is natural mineral sand which is composed of zirconia (ZrO2) and silica (SiO2) that bind in a stable condition. Zirconia is one of a ceramic that is widely used in dentistry because of its high biocompatibility and good mechanical properties. Zirconia can be combined with silica and alumina to form a bahan pengisi composite material with its esthetics and mechanical properties that can be adjusted to real tooth properties. Methods: This study focuses on a synthesis of zirconia-alumina-silica (ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2) from natural zircon sand using a geopolymerization method and a heat treatment in high temperature. Activator used in this method is 3 mol NaOH solutions. A temperature that is used to heat is 1100° C for 4 hours, 6 hours, and 8 hours. Results: Analysis result of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) indicates that a sample with 8 hours heating time has a greatest amount of tetragonal zirconia: 24%. An analysis result of Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) indicates that a composition ratio of zirconia-alumina-silica with a highest score in zirconia is present in a sample with 8 hours heating time, with a ratio 55,7 : 23,6 : 20,6. Analysis result of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) show irregularities in particles and surface morphology, and agglomerated particles. Conclusion: The study concludes that a synthesis of zirconia-alumina-silica (ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2) particles from natural zircon sand based on the amount of tetragonal structure that is present in zirconia is suitable to be used as composite bahan pengisi materials based on XRD and EDS characterization tests. But in a SEM test, the particles show irregularities and agglomerations.Keywords: Zircon sand, zirconia-alumina-silica, composite bahan pengisi

Description of palatal rugae size and direction in children with gender difference Muhammad Arfianto Nur; Nina Djustiana; Yuti Malinda
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 30, No 1 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Indonesia has a high number of children victims of disaster in the last five years, but the children do not have identity cards, causing difficulties in the identification process. Palatal rugae are considered unique in individuals, and their morphology remains stable throughout life. Data of palatal rugae pattern in children aimed to facilitate the process of identification of the child's gender. The purpose of this research was to discover the description of palatal rugae in children which can be used as a reference of gender identification in children. Method: A descriptive research design was performed with purposive sampling method. Samples were taken from 119 maxilla images consisted of 69 images of girls maxilla and 50 images of boys maxilla. The study was performed by taking individual maxilla images with intraoral mirror and observing towards the direction of the palatal rugae according to the Carrea classification, and the size of palatal rugae according the Lysell classification. Results: The type IV direction and secondary size of palatal rugae were found to be dominant on both sides of maxilla in boys and girls. Conclusion: Palatal rugae in boys and girls were having the same direction which was the type IV, and the size of secondary rugae was found to be dominant on both sides of the palate. Palatal rugae also proofed to be able to become the complementary method for determining unidentified gender in children.

Comparison of brittleness and flowability between Cipetir Gutta-Percha and commercial Gutta-Percha Kosterman Usri; Yanwar Faza; Arya Sanjaya; Nona Viona; Nina Djustiana; Elin Karlina; Renny Febrida; Arief Cahyanto
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.38869

Introduction: Gutta-Percha (GP) is a standard endodontic filling material found in pure form in the Cipetir area, Indonesia. However, a study comparing physical properties (brittleness and flowability) between pure GP and commercially used GP has not been found. Therefore, this study aims to test the brittleness and flowability of Cipetir GP compared to commercial GP. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental. Forty samples were prepared for each material and test, according to ANSI/ADA specification-GP cones-no 78 in 2006. The first step began by making a sample of Cipetir GP using moulds from a cuvette, commercial GP (Inline #80), and gypsum stone. The second step was to test the brittleness (Crease Recovery Tester) and flowability (according to ADA No. 78 of 2000) of Cipetir GP and commercial GP. Results: The brittleness test of Cipetir GP showed unbroken samples, and the commercial GP showed four broken samples. The Fisher's Exact test showed a p-value of 0.087, which means there was no significant difference in brittleness between Cipetir GP and commercial GP. At the same time, the average value of flowability of Cipetir GP and commercial GP were 6.46 mm and 0.19 mm, respectively. The unpaired t-test showed a p-value<0.05, which means there was a significant difference in the flowability between Cipetir GP and commercial GP. Conclusions: There is a brittleness similarity between Cipetir GP and commercial GP, while the flowability value of Cipetir GP is higher than commercial GP. Those initial findings showed that the Cipetir GP might become an excellent candidate to be an alternative endodontic filling.

Hardness evaluation of dental composites fabricated from the uniform size and well-distributed zirconia-alumina-silica fillers with sol-gel technique Muhammad Lukman Nur Hakim; Yanwar Faza; Zulia Hasratiningsih; Nina Djustiana; Bambang Sunendar
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 30, No 2 (2018): July 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Several factor limits of services of dental composite have triggered further improvement. ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system as filler of dental composite had been developed with sol-gel technique. Ultrasonic homogeniser were reported to change the particle size ditribution or shape. Unifom size and distribution of particle is believed to help define the behavior of hardness properties. Methods: The study was an laboratory experimental design. Filler ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system were developed via sol-gel methods. Post calcination process, filler were immerse in ethanol and applied with ultrasonic homogeniser, with various amplitude i.e 50 rpm, 60 rpm and 80 rpm then named sample A, B, and C. XRD, SEM anda PSA were used to characterize of filler system. Subsequent filler were used to fabricate dental composite then evaluate the hardness value using micro-hardness tester. One–way ANOVA was used to analysis the statistical result of hardness value. Results: XRD pattern of three sample were similar in which tetragonal zirconia was prominent (57-61 %) followed by monoclinic zirconia (24-25%) and amorphous (15-17 %). While, SEM and PSA characterization showed amplitude 50 rpm (sample A) produce more uniform size and well-distributed particle filler than the others. In contrary, sample B and C showed higher peak in PSA results. It means there was dominating of filler with particular size. However, the hardness value did not show significant differences between those filler (p>0,05). Conclusion: Dental composite that contain of different uniformity and distribution of filler ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system has no significantly differences of hardness value.

Flexural properties of electrospun polymethyl methacrylate microfiber-reinforced BisGMA for dental post prefabrication Nina Djustiana; Yanwar Faza; Arief Cahyanto
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 33, No 3 (2021): November
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol33no3.36255

Introduction: A dental post is a restoration to preserve the remaining tooth structure thus can be functioned normally. Many researchers suggested a fiber dental post due to its biomechanical properties that are similar to dentin structure. This study aims to analyse the flexural properties of electrospun polymethyl methacrylate microfiber-reinforced BisGMA for dental post prefabrication. Methods: The sample used was following the ADA guideline, as well as for the number of samples. The sample size was 25×2×2mm, which is close to the average dental post size. PMMA microfibers were prepared by dissolving heat cure PMMA powder with 99% acetone, then electrospinning with a rotary collector. Acquired PMMA microfibers were immersed into the resin matrix containing BisGMA, camphorquinone, and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as a monomer, initiator, and co-initiator, respectively, to prepare the dental posts. Results: PMMA microfibers structure and surface fracture of dental posts were confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). PMMA microfibers show unaligned fiber morphology with an approximate diameter size of 1-5 µm. A universal testing machine was used to measure the dental post's flexural properties (flexural strength and flexural modulus). Dental posts with PMMA fibers showed higher flexural strength (83.5 ± 10.7 MPa) compared to the dental post without PMMA fibers (61.7 ± 3.03 MPa) with a p-value <0.05. On the other hand, PMMA fibers' addition did not significantly increase the dental post's flexural modulus. Conclusion: The PMMA microfibers can intimately adhere to the BisGMA mixture as the resin matrix. Therefore, the PMMA microfiber significantly improves the flexural strength of the BisGMA for dental post prefabrication.

Tissue reaction against implantation of nanocomposite and giomers Anusha S Vilvarajah; Nina Djustiana; S. Sunardhi Widyaputra
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 23, No 1 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Dentistry today has inherited technological advancement from other Dental Material sciences, examples are Nanocomposite and Giomers. Nanocomposites and Giomers are common materials used in Dentistry. But what are the implications when these materials are used in practice? The aim for this the study shows the analysis of tissue reaction due to implantation of Nanocomposite and Giomers. The subcutaneous tissue of a mouse is substituted with the human gum tissues. In the experimental group, Nanocomposite and Giomers were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue abdomen region in mice. The slides were made from the surrounding of implantation for both experimental and control groups. The evaluation of the effects of the implant is done in a time interval. Evaluated time intervals are 24 hours, 7" day, 14th day, 21st day and 28th day respectively. The amounts of inflammatory cells formation in both groups were compared.Once the results of the inflammatory cells are evaluated in the given time interval for Nanocomposite, Giomer, and control group then they are statistically analyzed. The statistics used in the experiments is Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon. The conclusion of this research showed that statistically significant differences on lymphocytes value between treatment and control group.

Preliminary study on cells viability based on toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made from Indonesian de-waxed shellac Nina Djustiana; Veni Takarini; Zulia Hasratiningsih
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Varnish fluoride has the ability to prevent enamel demineralization. De-waxed shellac that mostly used for fruits coating, now is applied as varnish fluoride materials. This de-waxed shellac is quite potential since the product can be found from Indonesian sources. The research aims to describe the toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made of de-waxed shellac by measuring the viability of the fibroblast cells. Methods: The research method that was used in this study is in vitro experimental method, which using the tooth that had been smeared with varnish fluoride contacted with fibroblast cells REF (Rat Embryonic Fibroblast) for 4, 8, and 24 hours. The toxicity effect of varnish fluoride was then measured by cell viability. Results The results show that the average cells viability on 4 hours contacted tooth was 88%, while average cells viability on 8 hours contacted tooth was 74%, and lastly the average cells viability on 24 hours contacted tooth was 63%. Conclusion: The conclusion of this preliminary study on cells viability based on toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made from Indonesian de-waxed shellac are different based on contacted time.Keywords: Cell viability, toxicity effect, varnish fluoride, Indonesian de-waxed shellac

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