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All Journal Alchemy Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Metalurgi
Florentinus Firdiyono
Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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OPTIMIZING OF TiO2 SEPARATION FROM BANGKA ILMENITE BY LEACHING PROCESS USING HCl Wahyuningsih, Sayekti; Hidayatullah, Hari; Pramono, Edi; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Ramelan, Ari Handono; Firdiyono, Florentinus; Sulistiyono, Eko
Alchemy Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Alchemy Jurnal Penelitian Kimia

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Abstract

Separation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) from ilmenite Bangka has been done byleaching processusing HCl. Before the leaching process, ilmenite was roastedat 900oC for pre-oxidation (preliminary - oxidation). Leaching process carried out by variation of HCl concentration and Fe0reducing agents. While the re-deposition of dissolved Ti4 +ionachieved by hydrolysis - condensation using 2- propanol - H2O solvents.Leaching the pre-oxidazed ilmenite shows the phase change of  pseudobrokite (Fe2TiO5 ) into hematite ( Fe2O3) and synthetic rutile ( TiO2 ). Formation of the synthetic rutile was characterized by the loss of intensity of Fe2TiO5 at 26.65 º and the increasing intensity of rutile TiO2 at 27.49 º.The dissolution rate of both titanium and iron wasfound to be increased, generally, by increasing acid concentration in case of HCl as well as by increasing ilmenite:Fe0 ratio. Precipitation ofthe dissolved titania with 2-propanol -H2Oof 8:2(v /v) produced anataseTiO2 due to the hydrolysis and condensation of Ti-tetraisopropoxide complexes.
PERCOBAAN PEMBUATAN FASA INTERMETALIK Nb3Sn DENGAN PROSES SINTERING LOGAM NIOBIUM (Nb) DAN TIMAH (Sn) Firdiyono, Florentinus; Pramono, Andika Widya; Sebleku, Pius; Ciptasari, Nurhayati Indah; Suryantoro, Anton
Metalurgi Vol 26, No 3 (2011): Metalurgi Vol. 26 No. 3 Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (632.387 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/metalurgi.v26i3.19

Abstract

Penentuan kondisi optimum meliputi waktu milling Nb dan Sn dengan HEM (High Energy Milling), perbandingan jumlah Nb dan Sn, waktu dan temperatur pemanasan campuran Nb dan Sn. Pengamatan karakterisasi Nb3Sn yang terbentuk dilakukan dengan  menggunakan DTA (Differential Thermal Analyzer), XRD ( X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning   Electron Microscope) dan EDS (Enegy Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy). Analisis dengan menggunakan SEM dan XRD menunjukkan waktu minimum yang diperlukan untuk milling campuran Nb dan Sn adalah 3 jam, sedangkan hasil dari analisis DTA menunjukkan pembentukan Nb3Sn terjadi pada temperatur sekitar 700 °C. Analisis XRD terhadap campuran Nb dan Sn menunjukkan bahwa makin lama waktu pemanasan maka fasa intermetalik Nb3Sn yang terbentuk akan semakin banyak. Abstract Determination of optimum conditions include milling time of Nb and Sn with HEM, ratio of Nb and Sn, heating time and heating temperature of mixed Nb and Sn. Characterization of Nb3Sn produced from the process was performed using DTA, XRD, SEM and EDS. The results of SEM and XRD analysis showed the minimum time needed for milling Nb and Sn are 3 hours, and the result of DTA analysis showed the intermetalic phase of Nb3Sn was occured at the temparetuir around 700 °C. The result of XRD analysis for mixed Nb and Sn showed that by the increasing of heating time will produced more intermetalic phase of Nb3Sn.
PEMBUATAN KAWAT SUPERKONDUKTOR MULTI-FILAMEN Cu-Nb-Sn DENGAN METODA SERBUK DALAM TABUNG [Production Of Cu-Nb-Sn Multifilamenary Superconductor Wire By Powder-In-Tube Method] Firdiyono, Florentinus
Metalurgi Vol 30, No 1 (2015): Metalurgi Vol.30 No.1 APRIL 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (544.859 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/metalurgi.v30i1.109

Abstract

Telah dilakukan percobaan pembuatan konduktor Nb3Sn dengan cara PIT (powder-in-tube) untuk  aplikasi  medan  magnet  tinggi.  Superkonduktor  Cu-Nb-Sn adalah  salah  satu  jenis superkonduktor  temperatur  rendah  yang  cocok  untuk aplikasi  pada  peralatan  MRI  (magnetic  resonance imaging). Percobaan pembuatan kawat superkonduktor multi-filamen jenis Cu-Nb-Sn ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan proses yaitu: preparasi bahan, proses pemesinan, penarikan kawat, dan proses perlakukan panas.  Proses pencampuran serbuk  Nb dan  Sn  dilakukan menggunakan HEM  (high  energy  milling)  agar diperoleh campuran yang sempurna. Perlakuan panas terhadap kawat dilakukan pada temperatur 700°C selama96 jam agar serbuk Nb dan serbuk Sn dapat berdifusi satu sama lain membentuk fasa inter-metalik Nb3Sn sehingga  kawat  menjadi bersifat superkonduktor. Pengamatan mikrostuktur kawat  multi-filamen dilakukan terhadap potongan penampang melintang maupun membujur. Pengamatan mikrostruktur dengan SEM (scanning electron microscopy) dan EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) dilakukan terhadap kawat hasil perlakuan panas tersebut untuk melihat adanya pembentukkan Nb3Sn di dalam kawat multi-filamen. AbstractExperimental process to produce Nb3Sn conductors, based on the powder-in-tube (PIT) method, have beendeveloped for application high field magnets. Cu-Nb-Sn superconductor is one type of low temperaturesuperconductor that suitable to be applied for MRI eqiupment. The experiments to produce these multifilamensuperconductor wires were done through some steps such as: sample preparation, machining process,wire drawing, and heat treatment process. Perfectly mixing of Nb - Sn powder was needed, so the processwas done by using High Energy Mill (HEM). The wires containing Nb-Sn powder was subsequently heattreated at 700°C in 96 hours for the formation of the superconducting Nb3Sn phase by diffusion reaction ofNb-Sn powder mixture. Microstructure observation of multi-filamen wires was done through the longitudinaldan transverse cross section. Microstructure observation was done by using SEM and EDS to observed theformation of the superconducting Nb3Sn phase inside the multi-filamen wires.
PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN GAS OKSIGEN PADA TAHAP PEMBUATAN MATERIAL Ba-Ca-Cu-O[Effect of Oxygen Gas Usage at the Preparation Stage of Ba-Ca-Cu-O Material] Imaduddin, Agung; firdiyono, Florentinus; Sebleku, Pius; Suryantoro, Anton; Lestari, Franciska Pramuji
Metalurgi Vol 28, No 1 (2013): Metalurgi Vol.28 No.1 April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (567.277 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/metalurgi.v28i1.243

Abstract

PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN GAS OKSIGEN PADA TAHAP PEMBUATAN MATERIAL Ba-Ca-Cu-O.Sejak ditemukannya superkonduktor oksida tembaga tahun 1986 yang mempunyai suhu kritis (TC) tinggi,perhatian dunia semakin tertuju pada bahan ini untuk menemukan superkonduktor dengan TC yang lebih tinggilagi. Superkonduktor jenis ini berbasis Hg merupakan superkonduktor dengan nilai TC tertinggi diantara jenislainnya. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan bahan precursor berupa pencampuran bahan serbukBaCO3, CaCO3 dan CuO secara manual, dan kemudian dipanaskan di dalam tungku pada suhu 900 C dan 930C selama 12 jam dengan variabel pemakaian gas oksigen dan aliran udara. Dari hasil analisa XRD (x-raydiffraction) didapatkan senyawa BaCuO2, dan juga berdasarkan analisa FWHM (full width at half maximum)pada puncak tertinggi dan hasil analisa EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy), diketahui bahwa pemanasan padasuhu 930 C dan pemakaian gas oksigen dapat mengoptimalkan reaksi pembentukan BaCuO2 dan meningkatkankritalisasi senyawa BaCuO2 yang terjadi. AbstractSince the discovery of Copper-oxide superconductors in 1986 which having a high critical temperature (TC),the world's attention is increasingly focused on these materials to find superconductors with even higher TC.Hg-based superconductors are superconductors with highest TCvalue among other types. In this work, we hasprepared precursor by mixing BaCO3, CaCO3 and CuO powder manually. , And then heated in the furnace attemperatures of 900 C and 930 C for 12 hours with the use of variable oxygen gas and air flow. Regardingto the analysis of XRD (X-Ray Diffractometer), we obtained BaCuO2 compounds, and also based on analysisof FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum) at its highest peak and the results of EDS analysis, it was knownthat heating at temperatures of 930 C and the using of oxygen gas optimizes the reaction formation ofBaCuO2 and improvesthe crystallization of BaCuO2 compounds.
Co-Authors Agung Imaduddin, Agung Andika Widya Pramono Ari Handono Ramelan Ciptasari, Nurhayati Indah Edi Pramono Eko Sulistiyono, Eko Hari Hidayatullah, Hari Lestari, Franciska Pramuji Pius Sebleku Sayekti Wahyuningsih Sentot Budi Rahardjo Suryantoro, Anton