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Seleksi Marka SCAR untuk Identifikasi Dini Jenis Kelamin Tanaman Pepaya (The Selection of SCAR Markers for Early Sex Identification of Papaya) nFN noflindawati; Aswaldi Anwar; Agus Sutanto; nFN Yusniwati
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 30, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v30n1.2020.p1-8

Abstract

Identifikasi dini terhadap jenis kelamin tanaman pepaya merupakan hal penting yang dapat membantu petani dalam budidaya tanaman pepaya. Identifikasi kelamin pepaya berdasarkan marka morfologi dan fisiologi telah dilakukan, namun beberapa hasilnya masih bias karena faktor lingkungan. Identifikasi kelamin tanaman pepaya menggunakan marka molekuler bisa lebih cepat dan akurat. Penelitian tersebut telah banyak dilakukan, salah satu di antaranya adalah marka berbasis sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) dan beberapa primer SCAR telah dihasilkan untuk identifikasi kelamin pepaya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menyeleksi primer SCAR yang efektif dalam mengidentifikasi seks tanaman pepaya. Penelitian  dilakukan pada bulan November 2018 sampai Juni 2019 di Laboratorium Molekuler dan Uji Mutu Kebun Percobaan Sumani Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika di Solok. Primer SCAR yang diseleksi adalah W11,T12, PKBT5, Napf2, dan SDp. Tanaman referensi sebagai sampel umur 11–12 bulan  adalah tanaman betina, jantan, dan  hermaprodit masing-masing lima tanaman dari pepaya lokal dan Merah Delima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima primer SCAR yang diuji  hanya dapat membedakan tanaman betina dengan tanaman jantan dan hermaprodit tetapi belum dapat membedakan antara tanaman jantan dengan hermaprodit. Konsistensi pola amplifikasi dihasilkan dari primer SCAR W11, Napf2, dan T12 dengan posisi 800 bp. Primer SCAR W11, Napf2, dan T12 selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai marka untuk identifikasi kelamin tanaman betina dengan tanaman jantan dan hermaprodit.KeywordsSCAR; Identifikasi; Pepaya; Jantan, Hermaprodit AbstractThe determination of sex expression of papaya plants is important to farmers in its cultivation. The identification of papaya plant sex based on morphological and physiological characters have been previously carried out, however, the results were still biased due to environmental factors. Many studies have been carried out to identify this plant sex, such as the use of molecular and SCAR markers, based on sequence characterization on amplified regions. This research aims to select the SCAR primers that are effective in identifying papaya plant sex. The study was conducted from November 2018 to June 2019, at Laboratory of Molecular and Quality Testing of the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute in Solok. The selected SCAR primers were W11, T12, PKBT5, Napf2, and SDp, using a total of five female, male, and hermaphrodite plants are reference aged 11–12 month from local papaya and cv. Merah Delima. The five SCAR primers tested were only able to differentiate females from male and hermaphrodite plants. The consistency of the amplification pattern was obtained from the SCAR W11, T12, and Napf2 primers at 800 bp. In conclusion, SCAR W11, Napf2, and T12 primers are used as markers to distinguish female plants from male and hermaphrodite.
Kultur Embrio Pisang Liar Musa acuminata ssp. sumatrana yang Langka (Embryo Culture of Endangered Wild Banana Musa acuminata ssp. sumatrana) Ika Roostika; Agus Sutanto; nFN Edison; Nurwita Dewi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 28, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v28n1.2018.p25-32

Abstract

Musa acuminata ssp. sumatrana adalah pisang liar yang langka dan perlu dilestarikan. Teknik kultur in vitro dapat diterapkan untuk melestarikannya. Penerapan teknik konservasi secara in vitro memerlukan penguasaan metode regenerasi, termasuk formulasi media tumbuh. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh BA, TDZ, dan PVP terhadap daya hidup dan regenerasi embrio M. acuminata ssp. sumatrana. Rancangan percobaan disusun secara faktorial dalam lingkungan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah BA (0, 1, 3, dan 5 mg/L), faktor kedua adalah TDZ (0 dan 0,1 mg/L) dan faktor ketiga adalah PVP (100 dan 300 mg/L). Peubah yang diamati adalah persentase daya hidup, persentase daya tumbuh, persentase pembentukan akar, jumlah tunas, jumlah akar, dan jumlah daun yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara taraf BA, TDZ, dan PVP terhadap seluruh peubah yang diamati. Kombinasi perlakuan BA 5 mg/L dengan TDZ 0,1 mg/L dan PVP 300 mg/L menghasilkan persentase hidup, persentase tumbuh, jumlah tunas, dan jumlah daun yang paling tinggi, berturut-turut 100% daya hidup, 100% daya tumbuh, lima tunas/eksplan, dan 15 daun/tunas. Media tersebut dapat diterapkan untuk perbanyakan in vitro M. acuminata ssp. sumatrana dalam penyediaan materi untuk konservasi in vitro.KeywordsMusa acuminata ssp. sumatrana; Pisang liar langka; Regenerasi embrioAbstractMusa acuminata ssp. sumatrana is an endangered wild banana species that should be conserved. The in vitro culture can be applied for conserving wild banana accessions. The establishment of regeneration method, including the use of growth medium, is required in the application of in vitro conservation. The influence of BA, TDZ, and PVP to the survival and growth rate of embryos of M. acuminata ssp. sumatrana will be discussed in this study. The factorial in compeletely randomized design with four replications was used in this study. The first factor was BA (0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/L), the second factor was TDZ (0 and 0.1 mg/L), and the third factor was PVP (100 and 300 mg/L). Variables observed were the percentage of survival rate, the percentage of growth rate, the percentage of root formation, number of shoot, root, and leaf. The result a significant interaction between the concentration of BA, TDZ, and PVP to all observed variables. The combined treatment between 5 mg/L BA, 0.1 mg/L TDZ, and 300 mg/L PVP provided the highest survival rate (100%), growth rate (100%), shoot multiplication (five shoots/explant), and number of leaf (15 leaves/shoot). This medium can be applied for micropropagation of M. acuminata ssp. sumatrana in supplying plant materials for in vitro conservation.
Karakter Morfologi dan Sitologi Bunga Pepaya Merah Delima Noflindawati Noflindawati; Aswaldi Anwar; Yusniwati Yusniwati; Agus Sutanto
Jurnal Biologi Universitas Andalas Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jbioua.7.1.21-26.2019

Abstract

The papaya plant has three types of flowering, male flowers, female flowers, and perfect flower (hermaphrodite). The difference in interest affects the shape of the resulting fruit. This study aimed to characterize morphology and cytology of papaya flowers. The study was conducted in Tropical Fruit  Research  Institute at Solok and Laboratory of SPT at the Biology Department of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra. The research material uses papaya flowers Merah Delima variety  from KP. Aripan Balitbu Troipka. The results showed the male flowers of male plants were smaller than the male flowers of the perfect plant. The difference of hermaphrodite flower of pentandria with hermaphrodite elongata flower, among others, the number of stamens, the length of the stem and the size of the ovary. Hermaphrodite pentandria has a number of stamens 5 while elongata has stamens 10