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A Comparative Study of Total Tannin Contents and Antimicrobial Activities in Methanol Extracts of Rhizophoraceae Species Indriaty, Indriaty; Ginting, Binawati; Hasballah, Kartini; Djufri, Djufri
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v1i2.89

Abstract

Rhizophoraceae is a large true mangrove family that produces mangrove tannins. Tannins have the potential to be used as antimutagenic, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents in the pharmaceutical and medical fields. The aim of the research was to determine the total tannin content, antimicrobial activity, and the correlation between the two in methanol extracts of four plant parts (roots, bark, leaves, and fruit/hypocotyl) from five Rhizophoraceae species, namely Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, and Rhizophora mucronata originating from the Langsa mangrove forest, Aceh, Indonesia. Folin Ciocalteu colorimetric method and tannic acid as a standard were used for the total tannin content (TTC) test. The disc diffusion method was used to conduct antimicrobial tests against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans bacteria at a 50% extract concentration. TTC content in Rhizophoraceae ranged from 8.17 ± 1.36 mg TAE/g to 813.35 ± 18.72 mg TAE/g (p < 0.05). The highest levels were found in C. decandra roots (813.35 ±18.72 mg TAE/g), C. decandra bark (704.36 ± 12.11 mg TAE/g), and R. apiculata bark (651.23 ± 2.36 mg TAE/g). The extract has moderate to strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, with an inhibition zone range of 6.64 ± 0.80 mm -15.02 ± 0.32 mm. The highest antibacterial activity was observed in the inhibition zones for S. aureus bacteria, with C. decandra fruit extract (15.02 ± 0.32 mm), R. apiculata bark (14.78 ± 0.90 mm), and C. decandra leaves (14.44 ± 1.18 mm) exhibiting the highest levels. TTC and antibacterial activity of S. aureus in Rhizophoraceae extracts showed a moderate correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.566, p < 0.05). According to the results, it was concluded that Rhizophoraceae has the potential to produce optimal tannins that can be used as antibacterial agents against S. aureus.
Characterization of red algae (Gracilaria verrucosa) on potential application for topical treatment of oral mucosa wounds in Rattus norvegicus Hakim, Rachmi F.; Idroes, Rinaldi; Hanafiah, Olivia A.; Ginting, Binawati; Kemala, Pati; Fakhrurrazi, Fakhrurrazi; Putra, Noviandi I.; Shafira, Ghina A.; Romadhoni, Yenni; Destiana, Khaerunisa; Muslem, Muslem
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.422

Abstract

Wound healing in the mouth has its challenges due to masticatory movements and the presence of bacteria that can inhibit its process. The aim of this study was to analyze the contents of red algae (Gracilaria verrucosa) from Indonesia, and its potential as a wound-healing agent for oral wounds using animal model. Red algae content was determined by phytochemical tests and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The wound was made by making an incision on the gingival mucosa of Rattus norvegicus and the parameters assessed were bleeding time, number of fibroblast cells, and time of wound closure. Three doses of G. verrucosa gel were used (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) and the gels were applied twice a day, at 6:00 and 18:00. Application was carried out topically by applying 0.1 ml of gel to the incision wound using a 1 mL syringe. Our phytochemical test indicated that the G. verrucosa contained alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, and phenols. The dominant contains of the G. verrucosa were glycerol (36.81%), hexadecenoic acid (20.74%), and cholesterol (7.4%). The hemostasis test showed that the 2.5% G. verrucosa extract gel had the shortest bleeding time, 33.98±5.33 seconds. On the seventh day of the initial proliferation phase, the number of fibroblasts was not significantly different among groups. On day 14, the number of fibroblasts was only significantly different between 10% G. verrucosa and untreated group (p=0.007). On day 28, however, both 5% and 10% G. verrucosa were significantly higher compared to untreated group, both had p=0.010. Daily clinical examination showed that animals that were given 2.5% and 5% of G. verrucosa extract gel experienced wound closure on day 10. Animals treated with 10% of extract gel, all wounds healed on day 9. This study suggested that G. verrucosa extract could accelerate wound closure and wound healing.
Antioxidant ativity of dichloromethane extract from cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.) FEBRINA, RESA VERNIA; YAHYA, MUSTANIR; GINTING, BINAWATI; SAIDI, NURDIN
Jurnal Natural Volume 24 Number 2, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v24i2.36174

Abstract

Theobroma cacao L. is a plant that is reported to have strong antioxidant potential. A study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of dichloromethane extract of cocoa pod husk using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The cocoa pod husk was macerated using n-hexane, ammonia-dichloromethane, and methanol. The TCD extract of cocoa pod husk showed the lowest IC50 value of 14.59 ± 0.54 ppm based on the DPPH inhibition assay. The dichloromethane extract was isolated by gravity column chromatography with Silica gel G60 as the stationary phase and n-hexane: ethyl acetate as the mobile phase (gradient elution system). Fractions with identical staining patterns were combined into six fractions (TCD 1-TCD 6). The TCD 6 showed the lowest IC50 value of 127.05 ± 0.54 ppm according to the DPPH inhibition assay. Based on the TLC results, TCD 4 was further isolated and four fractions (TCD 4.1 to TCD 4.4) were obtained. The TCD 4.4 had the lowest IC50 value (38.66 ± 0.96 ppm). The TCD extract showed the presence of the dominant compound, γ-sitosterol, as determined by GC-MS analysis.