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Pemberian Antanan (Centella asiatica) dan Vitamin C Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Efek Cekaman Panas pada Broiler E Kusnadi; R Widjajakusuma; T Sutardi; P S Hardjosworo; A Habibie
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 3 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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High environmental temperatures may cause heat stress in poultry. This may increase water consumption, decrease feed consumption and in turn, decrease production level. In addition, high temperature contributes to oxidative stress, a condition where oxidant activity (free radicals) exceeds antioxidant activity. In this research, antanan (Centella asiatica) and vitamin C were utilized as anti heat-stress agents for heat stressed broilers. The research used 120 male broilers of 2 - 6 weeks of age, kept at 31.98 ± 1.940C poultry house temperatures during the day and 27.36 ± 1.310C at night. The data colected were analyzed with a factorial in completely randomized design of 2 x 3 (2 levels of vitamin C, 3 levels of antanan and 4 replications) and continued with contrast-orthogonal test when necessary. The result indicated that the treatments of 5% antanan (A5), 10% antanan (A10), combination of A5C, and A10C significantly (P < 0.05) increased the plasma triiodothyronine hormone from 101 ng/dL to 113, 110, 121, 119 and 126 ng/dL respectively; carcass protein from 16.5% to 17.8%, 19.1%, 19.2%, 17.3% and 18.1%; feed consumption from 2711 g to 3026, 3071, 2883, 3156 and 2935 g and body weight gain from 1181 g to 1297, 1347, 1254, 1376 and 1330 g. It could be concluded that the combination of addition 5% antanan and vitamin C 600 ppm is the most effective as anti heat-stress agent in broilers. Key words : Centella asiatica, vitamin C, heat stress, broiler

Performa dan Kandungan Hormon Triiodotironin Plasma Ayam Broiler Akibat Pengaruh Cekaman Panas di Daerah Tropis E Kusnadi; F Rahim
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 3 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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High environmental temperature may cause heat stress in poultry. This may increase water consumption, decrease feed intake and in turn, decrease production and triiodothyronine hormone level. The aim of the experiment was to study performance and plasma triiodothyronine hormone of broilers exposed to heat stress in tropical area. The study used 140 male broilers of 2 weeks of age. The treatment of environmental temperatures were S1A (28.55?1.53 oC) with ad libitum of feeding, S1BT1 (S1 with pair feeding as S2A), S1BT2 (S1 with pair feeding as S3A), S2A (31.07?1.29 oC) with ad libitum of feeding and S3A (33.50?1.17 oC) with ad libitum of feeding. Variables measured were feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion and triiodothyronine hormone level of plasma. The experiment design used was a completely randomized design with 4 replications and continued to Duncan test when it was significantly different. The results indicated that feed consumption and body weight gain in S1A, higher than those in S2A and S3A. The body weight gain in S1BT1 higher than those in S2A, and in S1BT2 higher than those in S3A. The level of plasma triiodothyronine hormone in S1, S1BT1 and S1BT2 was higher than those in S2A and in S3A. Key words: heat stress, body weight gain, triiodothyronine hormone

Perubahan Malonaldehida Hati, Bobot Relatif Bursa Fabricius dan Rasio Heterofil/Limfosit (H/L) Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Cekaman Panas E Kusnadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 2 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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The objective of the research was to determine the influences of heat stress and temperature-exposed time on liver malonaldehyde (MDA), relative weight of bursa fabricius and heterophil/lymfocite ratio of broilers. The research used 140 male broilers of 2 weeks of age. The treatments consisted of two factors. The first factor was five treatments: S1A (28.55?1.53 oC) with ad libitum of feeding, S1BT1 (S1 with pair feeding as S2A), S1BT2 (S1 with pair feeding as S3A), S2A (31.07?1.29 oC) with ad libitum of feeding and S3A (33.50?1.17 oC) with ad libitum of feeding. The second factor was five of temperature-exposed times (0, 4, 8, 16, and 32 days after treatments). Variables measured were liver MDA, relative weight of bursa fabricius and ratio of heterophil/lymphocite (H/L). The experiment used a completely randomized design in split plot (5x5), with 4 replications. The result indicated that liver MDA, relative weight of bursa fabricius and H/L ratio of S2 and S3 were higher than those of S1A, S1BT1 and S1BT2. H/L ratio of 4, 8, 16, and 32 days of temperature-exposed times were higher than that of 0 day. It was concluded that heat stress increased the liver MDA and H/L ratio, but decreased the relative weight of bursa fabricius. The temperature-exposed time increased the H/L ratio, but it did not affect the liver MDA and relative weight of bursa fabricius of broilers. Key words: heat stress, malonaldehyde, heterophil/lymphocite ratio, bursa fabricius, broiler

Pertumbuhan Kompensasi dan Efisiensi Produksi Ayam Broiler yang Mendapat Pembatasan Waktu Makan A Azis; H Abbas; Y Heryandi; E Kusnadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 34 No. 1 (2011): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of feeding time restriction on compensatory growth and production efficiency of broiler chickens. Four hundred of 7 days-old unsexed broiler chicken of Lohmann commercial strain were used in the experiment. The treatments were: bird fed ad libitum as a control treatment (R-0); bird had free access to feed during two periods of 2 hours (08:00-10:00 and 16:00-18:00) from 7-14 days of age (R-1) and 7-21 days of age (R-2); bird had free access to feed during two periods of 4 hours (08:00-12:00 and 16:00-20:00) from 7-14 days of age (R-3) and 7-21 days of age (R-4). The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. Feed intake and body weight gain of chicken exposed to feeding time restriction on R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 were lower (P < 0.01) than those of chicken fed ad libitum. There were no significant different on feed intake and body weight gain during realimentation period. Compensatory growth occured on R-2 and R-4 during the 28 to 42 days of age and similar body weight with control at age 42 days. Feed conversion ratio on R-2 and R-4 were lower (P < 0.01) feeding time restriction (7-21 days) and realimentation period (28-35 days). It was concluded that feeding time restriction for 8 hours per day from 7 to 21 days of age indicated compensatory growth and similar body weight and had better feed cost and production index than that of control.

Thyroid Hormone and Blood Metabolites Concentrations of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Feeding Time Restriction A Azis; H Abbas; Y Heryandi; E Kusnadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 35 No. 1 (2012): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding time restriction on thyroid hormone and blood metabolites concentration of broiler chickens during feed restriction and realimentation period. Four hundred of 7 days-old unsexed broiler chicken of Lohmann commercial strain were arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and analyzed based on ANOVA. The treatments were: chicks fed ad libitum as a control treatment (R-0); chicks had free access to feed during two periods of 2 h (08:00-10:00 and 16:00-18:00) from 7-14 d of age (R-1) and 7-21 d of age (R-2); chicks had free access to feed during two periods of 4 h (08:00-12:00 and 16:00-20:00) from 7-14 d of age (R-3) and 7-21 d of age (R-4). The treatments consisted of 4 replicates with 20 chicks each. During feeding time restriction from 7 to 21 d of age, thyroid hormone and albumin plasma concentration of R-2 and R-4 were lower (P3 and T4) and blood metabolite (albumin) decreased during feeding time restriction for 4 and 8 h per d from 7 to 21 d of age and it returns to normal during realimentation period.

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