Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Penggunaan Kromium Organik dari Beberapa Jenis Fungi terhadap Aktivitas Fermentasi Rumen Secara in Vitro W D Astuti; T Sutardi; D Evvyernie; T Toharmat
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 3 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (69.441 KB)

Chromium appears to be an essential trace element since 1959, but its effect on ruminal microbes is not clear yet. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic chromium supplementation on rumen fermentation activity. An in vitro technique was held using randomized block design with 13 treatments and 3 replications. There were four kinds of organic Cr used, produced with four different species of fungi as carriers. Fungi used as carriers were Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizophus oryzae and "ragi tape". The result indicated that the optimum organic Cr supplementation was 1 mg organic Cr/kg dry matter. Supplementation of 1 mg organic Cr/kg dry matter increased dry matter and organic matter digestibilities. It also tended to increase NH3 and total VFA production. Propionate production increased, which decreased methane production and increased hexose conversion efficiency in several treatments. Each fungus used as carrier of organic Cr resulted in different effects on rumen fermentation activity, but the effects was within a normal range. It was concluded that either Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizophus oryzae or "ragi tape" could be used as carrier in organic Cr production. Key words : organic Cr, ruminal microbes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizophus oryzae, "ragi tape"

Pemberian Antanan (Centella asiatica) dan Vitamin C Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Efek Cekaman Panas pada Broiler E Kusnadi; R Widjajakusuma; T Sutardi; P S Hardjosworo; A Habibie
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 3 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

High environmental temperatures may cause heat stress in poultry. This may increase water consumption, decrease feed consumption and in turn, decrease production level. In addition, high temperature contributes to oxidative stress, a condition where oxidant activity (free radicals) exceeds antioxidant activity. In this research, antanan (Centella asiatica) and vitamin C were utilized as anti heat-stress agents for heat stressed broilers. The research used 120 male broilers of 2 - 6 weeks of age, kept at 31.98 ± 1.940C poultry house temperatures during the day and 27.36 ± 1.310C at night. The data colected were analyzed with a factorial in completely randomized design of 2 x 3 (2 levels of vitamin C, 3 levels of antanan and 4 replications) and continued with contrast-orthogonal test when necessary. The result indicated that the treatments of 5% antanan (A5), 10% antanan (A10), combination of A5C, and A10C significantly (P < 0.05) increased the plasma triiodothyronine hormone from 101 ng/dL to 113, 110, 121, 119 and 126 ng/dL respectively; carcass protein from 16.5% to 17.8%, 19.1%, 19.2%, 17.3% and 18.1%; feed consumption from 2711 g to 3026, 3071, 2883, 3156 and 2935 g and body weight gain from 1181 g to 1297, 1347, 1254, 1376 and 1330 g. It could be concluded that the combination of addition 5% antanan and vitamin C 600 ppm is the most effective as anti heat-stress agent in broilers. Key words : Centella asiatica, vitamin C, heat stress, broiler

Fermentabilitas dan Kecernaan in Vitro Ransum Limbah Agroindustri yang Disuplementasi Kromium Anorganik dan Organik A Jayanegara; A S Tjakradidjaja; T Sutardi
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (154.022 KB)

Chromium is a trace element which has been considered essential for humans and animals since 1959. However, the effect of chromium on activity of rumen microorganisms has not been yet investigated. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of chromium supplementation to agroindustrial waste based diets on rumen microorganisms which was measured in vitro. Chromium supplement was in the form of anorganic and organic incoroporated to Rhizopus sp. fungus. Two experimental designs were used in this experiment. A completely randomized design with 10 treatments and 3 replications was used to measure dry matter and organic matter digestibilities (DMD and OMD). A factorial randomized block design 10 x 3 was used to measure total VFA and NH3 productions. Factor A was diet treatments and Factor B was fermentation period. Rumen fluid was used as block (replication). Treatments consisted of K1 (control diet), K2 (K1 + non mineral Rhizopus sp. fungus), A (K2 + anorganic Cr) with 4 levels of anorganic Cr (1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm), and O (K1 + organic Cr) with 4 levels of organic Cr (1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm). Incubation period was carried out for 1, 3, and 5 hours. The addition of non mineral Rhizopus sp. fungus (K2) decreased total VFA production from 110 to 59 mM (P < 0.05) and increased NH3production from 9.97 to 13.28 mM (P < 0.05). Supplementation of anorganic Cr decreased DMD and OMD compared to K2 (P < 0.05), but organic Cr supplementation increased DMD and OMD. Optimum level of organic Cr supplementation was 1 ppm and 4 ppm for anorganic Cr. This means that supplementation of organic Cr is four times more efficient than that of anorganic Cr. Key words : chromium, anorganic, organic, digestibility, fermentation

Inkorporasi Kromium pada Khamir dan Kapang dengan Substrat Dasar Singkong yang Diberi Kromium Anorganik W D Astuti; T Sutardi; D Evvyernie; T Toharmat
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 2 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (88.819 KB)

Organic-chromium (Cr) has higher availability for animals than inorganic-Cr sources. One of organic-Cr sources known is fungi contained high Cr. This organic-Cr was incorporated to fungi protein. Information about the best fungi or microorganisms used in organic-Cr production is still limited. The objective of this experiment was to study organic-Cr production using different kinds of fungi as Cr carrier. Organic-Cr production was conducted in a 4x3 factorial completely randomized experimental design with 3 replications. Four fungi used as carriers in organic-Cr production as the first factor were Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus oryzae and "ragi tape". The second factor was levels of Cr addition (500, 1000, 1500 mg/kg). Addition of 1000 mg Cr/kg substrate gave the highest Cr incorporation to fungi protein (484 mg/kg) and Cr incorporation efficiency (21.1%). The best fungi used as carrier in organic-Cr production was Rhizopus oryzae which gave the highest Cr incorporation (488 mg/kg) and incorporation efficiency (24.7%). Key words: organic-Cr, production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhyzopus oryzae, "ragi tape"

Suplementasi Sabun Mineral dan Mineral Organik serta Kacang Kedelai Sangrai pada Domba . Adawiah; T Sutardi; T Toharmat; W Manalu; . Nahrowi; U H Tanuwiria
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (104.509 KB)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of mineral soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean supplementations to improve productivity in ruminant animals. Thirty two Garut Sheep (initial body weight 22.38 ± 3.56 kg) were assigned into a randomized block design with eight treatments. Body weight was used as a block (4 blocks). Eight rations evaluated in this trial were FO: basal diet + fish oil, CO: basal diet + corn oil, CaFO: basal diet + calcium soap of fish oil, CaCO: basal diet + calcium soap of corn oil, ZnFO: basal diet + zinc soap of fish oil, ZnCO: basal diet + zinc soap of corn oil, RS: basal diet + roasted soybeans, MM: basal diet + mineral mix. The experimental diets were fed for 8 weeks. The result of the experiment showed that calcium soap improved animal growth better than did zinc soap. Daily gains of sheep fed FO (99 g/d), CaFO (114 g/d), CaCO (103 g/d), RS (105 g/d), and MM (103 g/d), diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those of sheep fed CO (86 g/d), ZnFO (88 g/d), and ZnCO (53 g/d) diets. Dry matter intake of sheep fed CO (903 g/d), CaCO (947 g/d), RS (933 g/d) diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those fed FO (820 g/d), CaFO (856 g/d), ZnFO (847 g/d), ZnCO (785 g/d), and MM (805 g/d) diets. Dry matter digestibility of CO (70%) and CaFO diet (76%) were higher (P < 0.01) than other diets. Nitrogen retention of sheep fed CaFO (11.8 g/d), RS (12.2 g/d), and MM (13.2 g/d) diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those fed FO (10 g/d), CO (10 g/d), CaCO (9.8 g/d), ZnFO (9.0 g/d), and ZnCO (9.0 g/d) diets. Organic mineral, calcium soap of fish oil, calcium soap of corn oil, and roasted soy bean supplementation increased daily gain up to 105 g/d. It was concluded that calcium soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean improved growth of sheep.Key words : soap, oil, mineral, roasted soy bean, sheep

Respons terhadap Suplementasi Sabun Mineral dan Mineral Organik serta Kacang Kedelai Sangrai pada Indikator Fermentabilitas Ransum dalam Rumen Domba . Adawiah; T Sutardi; T Toharmat; W Manalu; N Ramli; U H Tanuwiria
Media Peternakan Vol. 30 No. 1 (2007): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (42.548 KB)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with mineral soap, organic mineral and roasted soyabean on ration fermentability in the rumen of sheep. Thirty two Garut Sheep (initial weight 22.38 ± 3.56 kg) were assigned into a randomized complete block design with 8 treatments. Body weight was used as blocks (4 blocks). The treatments were FO: basal diet + fish oil, CO: basal diet + corn oil, CaFO: basal diet + calcium soap of fish oil, CaCO: basal diet + calcium soap of corn oil, ZnFO: basal diet + zinc soap of fish oil, ZnCO: basal diet + zinc soap of corn oil, RSB: basal diet + roasted soya bean, MM: basal diet + mineral mix (Zn, Cu, Cr, and Se-organic). The experimental diets were offered for 8 weeks. The results showed that ammonia concentrations of sheep fed CO, CaFO, CaCO, and MM were higher than those of sheep fed FO, ZnFO, ZnCO, RSB diets (9.28 v 6.75 mM). Vollatile fatty acid production was not affected by treatments (110.6 ± 7.69 mM). The levels of amonia and VFA in this experiment were suitable for microbial growth. Rumen bacterial population of sheep fed FO was the lowest (P < 0.05). Rumen protozoa population of sheep fed CO, CaFO, ZnFO, ZnCO, and MM were lower (P < 0.05) than those of sheep fed FO, CaCO, and RSB. It is concluded that supplemention of Ca-soap, organic minerals, and roasted soyabeans to sheep ration increased ration fermentability in the rumen. Ammonia and VFA concentrations were suitable for rumen microbial growth. Fat protection (Ca-soap) did not inhibit bacterial growth in the rumen. Key words: mineral soap, fish oil, corn oil, roasted soyabeans, fermentability

Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep: 4. Ewes during late pregnancy I-W Mathius; D Sastradipradja; T Sutardi; A Natasasmita; L.A Sofyan; D.T.H Sihombing
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 7, No 3 (2002): SEPTEMBER 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Thirty-six Javanese thin-tail ewes were set out to study the energy and crude protein requirements for the last eight-week of pregnancy. The ewes were randomlly assigned to a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement and offered nine diets comprising three levels of energy (low, medium and high) and three levels of crude protein (low, medium and high) with four ewes per treatment. The diets were pelleted and offered four times daily at approximately in the same amount. Results showed that, despite a difference of energy concentration in the diets, dry matter intake was not significantly (P>0.05) affected, but crude protein concentration was (P<0.05). Energy concentration in the diet also had no effect (P>0.05) on protein intake. However, protein concentration in the diets significantly affected on protein intake and protein excreted in the feces. Moreover, an interaction between energy and protein levels was not detected on energy and nitrogen availability utilization. This study demonstrated that a high efficiency on nitrogen utilization could be achieved on low crude protein diets. It was also found that crude protein and energy requirements for maintanance during pregnancy phase were 0.67 g/kg BW0.75 and 0.425 MJ EM/kg BW0.75 respectively. Key words: Protein-energy requirement, pregnancy phase, ewes

Strategic study on energy-protein requirements for local sheep: 5. Ewes during lactation phase I-W Mathius; D Sastradipradja; T Sutardi; A Natasasmita; L.A Sofyan; D.T.H Sihombing
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 8, No 1 (2003): MARCH 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Thirty-six Javanese thin-tail ewes in the end of late pregnancy phase were set out to study the energy and crude protein requirements during the first eight-week of lactation phase. The ewes were penned individually in doors and randomly assigned to a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of three levels of energy (low, medium and high) and three levels of crude protein (low, medium and high) diets with four ewes per treatment. The diets were pelleted and offered four times daily in approximately equal amount. Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, body weight and milk production were recorded. Results showed that, total lamb birth weights was not affected, but protein content on the ration treatments significantly altered (P<0.05) milk yield and composition. Dry matter intake due to feeding treatments was not significantly affected (P>0.05), while crude protein content on the ration highly significantly affected (P<0.01). Based on data recorded, the energy and protein requirements for ewes during lactation phase are highly significantly depended on ewes’ live weight, milk production and the ratio of energy metabolism and crude protein of the ration. It was concluded that in order to fulfil the crude protein and energy needs of the ewes during lactation phase, the ration given should contain crude protein and energy as much as 16% (based on dry matter) and 13.4 MJ/kg dry matter respectively. Key words: Energy-protein requirement, lactation phase, local ewes

Title

Found 8 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 8 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 8 Documents
Search