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Study of Manning’s value and Constants in Some Tertiary Channels Condition at Namu Sira Sira Irrigation Networks Namu Ukur Utara Village Sei Bingai Subdistrict Langkat District Hisyam Pahlevi; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Most of the tertiary irrigation in Namu Ukur Utara Village are land channels. This condition will affect the discharge and the water distribution efficiency for paddy field. The water distribution efficiency will be affected by water flow rate and channels condition, where both of this factor could be manifested through the Manning’s value and Chezy constant. This research was aimed to determine the Maning’s value and Chezy constant in 3 tertiary vegetated channels and trimmed channels at Namu Ukur Utara Village Namu Sira Sira Irrigation networks Langkat District. The Manning’s value coefficients for the three vegetated channels were 0,278; 0,268 and 0,185 and the Chezy constantwere 2,31; 2,48 and 3,63 respectively. While the Manning’s value coefficients for the trimmed channels were 0,247; 0,229 and 0,138 and the Chezy constant were 2,61; 2,90 and 4,66 respectively. Keyword : Chezy constant, Manning’s value coefficient, Tertiary Channels, Vegetation

The Study of Seepage Coefficient on Tertiary Irrigation Canals in The Sei Beras Sekata Village, Irrigation Area Medan Krio, Sunggal District of Deli Serdang Ika Sundari; Sumono Sumono; Achwil Putra Munir
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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In distribution of irrigation water through tertiary canal which is land canal, water losses can occur through evapotranspiration, percolation, and seepage of the canal, there by effecting the efficiency of water distribution. From the third factors of water losses the seepage coefficient is more difficult to determine. This research was aimed to study the value of the seepage coefficient using empirical formulas in two tertiary canals in Sei Beras Sekata village Medan Krio irrigation area, Sunggal district of Deli Serdang. The results showed that seepage coefficient in the right edge of the first canal was 8899,2 mm/day, at the left edge was 26697,6 mm/day; at the right edge of second canal was 78796,8 mm/day and at the left edge was 23241,6 mm/day. Efficiency on first that canal and second canal were 73,93% and 71,03% respectively. Key Word: Seepage coefficient,tertiary canal, water conveyance efficiency, water loss

The Study of Rice Potential Production on Namu Sira-Sira Irrigation Fields in Sei Bingai District Langkat Regency Tri Ayu Purnamasari; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Langkat as one of rice centra region in North Sumatera need to be inspected on wet rice fields condition to hold out and increase production. The purpose of this research was to study the rice potential production on Namu Sira-Sira irrigation fields in Sei Bingai district Langkat regency in achieving the maximum level of rice production based on sun radiation level, time to grow rice, and rice variety. This research also studied the ratio between irrigation field and crops field, the ratio between technical irrigation and pre technical and conventional irrigation and realibility of existing irrigation networks. In the year of 2009-2013, the results indicated that the irrigation network realibility was good enough. The average ratio between irrigation field and crops field was 2,2, the average of ratio between technical irrigation and pre technical and conventional irrigation was 5,82 and the rice production target was 70,68%. Keyword : irrigation network, potential production, production target, rice

The Study of Rice Potential Production on Sungai Ular Irrigation Fields in Pegajahan District Serdang Bedagai Regency Rossiana Sianturi; Sumono Sumono; Saipul Bahri Daulay
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 4 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Serdang Bedagai as one of rice centra region in North Sumatera with water source irrigation from irrigation Sungai Ular, need to be studied its wet rice fields irrigation network to hold out and increase production. The purpose of this research was to study the rice potential production on Sungai Ular irrigation fields in Pegajahan district, Serdang Bedagai regency in achieving the maximum level of rice production based on sun radiation level, time to grow rice, and rice varieties. This research also studied the ratio between irrigation field and crops field, the ratio between technical irrigation and pre technical and conventional irrigation and realibility of existing irrigation networks. In period of 2009-2013, the results indicated that the irrigation network realibility was good enough. The average ratio between technical irrigation and pre technical and conventional irrigation was 0,78, the average ratio between irrigation field and crops field was 1,75, and the rice production target was 59,86%. Keyword: Irrigation network, potential production, production target, rice.

UJI MUTU KERIPIK BUAH PADA ALAT PENGGORENG VACUM (Test of Fruit Crisps Quality from Vacuum Fryer ) Agustami Ramadhani; Ainun Rohanah; Sumono Sumono
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT This research was done to test the effect of fruit crisps quality on the percentage of oil loss, percentage of water cantent, and organoleptic test. This research was using non factorial completely randomized design. It was found that the percentage of oil loss, percentage of water conten, and organoleptic test on cempedak were 98,87% 26,23%, and 3,477 respectife. On starfruit were 71,23% 28,167% and 3,273 respectife. On manggo were 49,73%, 20,167% and 3,230 respectife. On sapodilla fruit were 17,43% 22,33% and 3,350 respectife. The results showed that fruit crisps quality had significant effect on percentage of oil loss, percentage of water conten and hasno significant effect on overall acceptance of organoleptic test. Keywords : fruit, vacuum fryer, fruit crisps ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji mutu keripik buah terhadap persentase kehilangan minyak, kadar air, dan uji organoleptik pada alat penggoreng vakum (Vacuum Frying Type). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak non faktorial. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh persentase kehilangan minyak, persentase kadar air, dan uji organoleptik keseluruhan masing-masing adalah pada buah cempedak masing-masing 98,87% 26,23%, dan 3,477. Pada buah belimbing masing-masing 71,23% 28,167% dan 3,273. Pada mangga masing-masing 49,73%, 20,167% dan 3,230. Pada buah sawo masing-masing 36,67%, 24,900%, dan 3,274. Pada buah nangka masing-masing 17,43% 22,33% dan 3,350. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mutu keripik pada masing-masing buah memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap persentase kehilangan minyak, kadar air dan pengaruh tidak nyata terhadap uji organoleptik penerimaan keseluruhan. Kata kunci : buah, alat penggoreng vacum, keripik buah.

KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA LAHAN KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN BEBERAPA JENIS VEGETASI YANG TUMBUH DI KEBUN PTP NUSANTARA III TANAH RAJA (Study of Physical and Chemical Soil Characteristics in Oil Palm Plantation with Several Vegetations That Grow in Leni Leni; Sumono Sumono; Nazif Ichwan
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT Physical and chemical soil characteritic is an important factor for the growth of oil palm. This research was aimed to study physical and chemical soil characteritics on the oil palm with vegetation Mucuna bracteata, Nephrolepis biserrata, grass and without vegetation in Tanah Raja PTP Nusantara III. The observed parameters were soil texture, porosity, water content of field capasity, soil permeability, total Nitrogen, available soil Phosphate, and land Potassium exchange. The results showed that the soil type was ultisol with sandy clay loam texture and pH ranged from 4.95 to 5.29 (sour). The soil vegetations had porosity of 50.44 to 52.21% at a depth of 5 cm and 46.86 to 46.96% at a depth of 25 cm. The water content of field capacity was ranged from 32.12 to 38.98%. Permeability was ranged from 4.57 to 6.01 cm/h at a depth of 5 cm and 2.21 to 3.69 cm/h at a depth of 25 cm. N total was ranged from 0.11 to 0.12%. P available was ranged from 12.87 to 18.96 ppm. K exchange of land was ranged from 0.56 to 0.61 me/100g. The soil without vegetation had porosity of 46.91% at a depth of 5 cm and 45% at a depth of 25 cm. The water content of field capacity was 31.54%. Permeability was 2.86 cm/h at a depth of 5 cm and 1.84 cm/h at a depth of 25 cm. Total N was 0.09%. P available was 10.75 ppm. K exchange of land was 0.55 me/100g. Keyword: Soil physical and chemical, vegetation, oil palm plantation ABSTRAK Sifat fisika dan kimia tanah merupakan faktor penting bagi pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengkaji sifat fisika dan kimia tanah pada lahan kelapa sawit dengan vegetasi kacang-kacangan (Mucuna bracteata), paku harupat (Nephrolepis biserrata), rumput dan tanpa vegetasi di Kebun PTP Nusantara III Tanah Raja. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tekstur tanah, porositas, kadar air kapasitas lapang, permeabilitas tanah, N-total, P tersedia dan K tukar tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis tanah di daerah penelitian adalah ultisol bertekstur lempung liat berpasir dan pH berkisar 4,95-5,29 (masam). Tanah dengan vegetasi mempunyai porositas berkisar 50,44-52,21% pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 46,86-46,96% pada kedalaman 25 cm, kadar air kapasitas lapang berkisar 32,12-38,98%, permeabilitas berkisar 4,57-6,01 cm/jam pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 2,21-3,69 cm/jam pada kedalaman 25 cm, N-total berkisar 0,11-0,12%, P tersedia berkisar 12,87-18,96 ppm, K tukar tanah berkisar 0,56-0,61 me/100g. Tanah tanpa vegetasi mempunyai porositas 46,91% pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 45% pada kedalaman 25 cm, kadar air kapasitas lapang 31,54%, permeabilitas 2,86 cm/jam pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 1,84 cm/jam pada kedalaman 25 cm, N-total 0,09%, P tersedia 10,75 ppm, K tukar tanah 0,55 me/100g. Kata Kunci: Fisika dan kimia tanah, vegetasi, lahan kelapa sawit

PENENTUAN NILAI EVAPOTRANSPIRASI DAN KOEFISIEN TANAMAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI UNGGUL DI RUMAH KACA FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA (Determination of Value of Evapotranspiration And Plant Coefficient of Some Rice of Varieties In the Faculty Indi Sajiwo; Sumono Sumono; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT The water requirement of rice crop include saturation, percolation, flooding and evapotranspiration. The amount ofevapotranspiration can be determined based on the value of potensial evaporation and the rice crop coefficient values for each period of growth. This study was aimed to assess the value of evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of Situ Bagendit, Ciherang and Makongga Varieties In Green house of Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra.The results showed that the value of the evapotranspiration of rice plants at Situ Bagendit, Ciherang and Makongga varieties were the vegetative phase of 1,68 mm/day, 1,68 mm/day and 1,69 mm/day respectively, at the reproductive phase were 1,83 mm/day, 1,72 mm/day and 1,76 mm/day respectively and the phase of ripening were 1,71 mm/day, 1,69 mm/day and 1,70 mm/day respectively. The plant coefficient ofSitu Bagendit, Ciherang and Makongga varieties at the vegetative phase were 1,20 mm/day,1,20 mm/day and 1,21 mm/day respectively, at the reproductive phase were 1,14 mm/day, 1,07 mm/day and 1,08 mm/day respectively and at the phase of ripening were 1,05 mm/day, 1,03 mm/day and 1,05 mm/day respectively. Ciherang variety had a value of grain production higher compared to Situ Bagendit and Makongga. The productivity ofrice of Situ Bagendit was 102,81 gram, Ciherang was 124,16 gram and Makongga was 94,48 gram respectively. Keywords: Evapotranspiration, Plant coefficient, Rice, High Yield Variety, greenhouse. ABSTRAK Kebutuhan air areal tanaman padi meliputi penjenuhan, perkolasi, penggenangan dan evapotranspirasi. Besarnya nilai evapotranspirasi dapat ditentukan berdasarkan nilai evaporasi potensial dan nilai koefisien tanaman padi untuk setiap periode pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan Evapotranspirasi dan Nilai Koefisien Tanaman Padi Situ Bagendit, Ciherang dan Makongga Di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besar nilai Evapotranspirasi tanaman padi pada varietas Situ Bagendit, Ciherang dan Makongga yaitu pada fase vegetatif 1,68 mm/hari, 1,68 mm/hari dan 1,69 mm/hari, fase reproduktif 1,83 mm/hari, 1,72 mm/hari dan 1,76 mm/hari, fase pemasakan 1,71 mm/hari, 1,69 mm/hari dan 1,70 mm/hari. Nilai koefisien tanaman padi pada varietas Situ Bagendit, Ciherang dan Makongga yaitu pada fase vegetatif 1,20 mm/hari, 1,20 mm/hari dan 1,21 mm/hari, fase reproduktif 1,14 mm/hari, 1,07 mm/hari dan 1,08 mm/hari, fase pemasakan 1,05 mm/hari, 1,03 mm/hari dan 1,05 mm/hari. Varietas Ciherang memiliki nilai produksi bulir padi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan varietas Situ Bagendit dan Makongga. Produktivitas bulir padi untuk varietas Situ Bagendit 102,81 g, varietas Ciherang 125,16 g dan varietas Makongga 94,48 g. Kata kunci : Evapotranspirasi, Koefisien Tanaman, Tanaman Padi, Varietas Unggul, Rumah Kaca.

KAJIAN BEBERAPA METODE PEMBERIAN AIR PADI SAWAH (Oriza sativa L) VARIETAS CIHERANG DI RUMAH KACA (Study of Various Provison of Water Paddy Methods (Oryza sativa) Ciherang Variety Rice in Green House) Riza Revita Pinem; Sumono Sumono; Nazif Ichwan
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT The provision of water on a paddy is very influential to rice growth and production. This research was aim ed to study various paddy water provision methods on ciherang variety (Oryza Sativa L) in greenhouse. Parameters observed wer evapotranspiration value, potential evaporation, crop coefficient, percolation, grains weight and dry plant weight. The results show-ed that the value of crop evapotranspiration for intermiten method, humid and flooding were in an average of 1.54 mm / day, 1.60 mm / day, and 1.71 mm / day respectively. The average value of potential evaporation from vegetative phase to the ripening was 1.62 mm / day. The value of the plant's method of intermiten coeffitient, humid and flooding were in an average of 0.95, 0.99 and 1.06 respectively. The value of percolation to intermiten, humid and floodingwere in an average of 1,83 cm / day, 1 , 3 cm / day and 3.36 cm / day respectively. The plant's dry weight ofintermitent, humid and flooding were in an average of 87.5 g, 84.1 g and 77.5 g respectively and the weight of grains in intermiten, humid and flooding were in an average of 50 g, 43.3 g and 30 g respectively. Keywords : Ciherang rice, evapotranspiration, water provision, crop coefficient, percolation. ABSTRAK Pemberian air padi sawah sangat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa metode pemberian air padi sawah (Oriza sativa L) varietas ciherang di rumah kaca. Parameter yang diamati adalah evapotranspirasi tanaman, evaporasi potensial, koefisien tanaman, perkolasi, berat bulir padi dan dan berat kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai evapotranspirasi tanaman untuk metode terputus, macak-macak dan penggenangan berturut-turut dengan rata-rata 1,54 mm/hari, 1,60 mm/hari, dan 1,71 mm/hari. Nilai rata-rata evaporasi potensial mulai dari fase vegetatif hingga pemasakan sebesar 1,62 mm/hari. Nilai koevisien tanaman untuk metode terputus, macak-macak dan penggenangan berturut-turut dengan rata-rata 0,95, 0,99 dan 1,06. Nilai perkolasi untuk metode terputus, macak-macak dan penggenangan berturut-turut dengan rata-rata 1,83 cm/hari, 1,3 cm/hari dan 3,36 cm/hari. Berat kering tanaman untuk metode terputus, macak-macak dan penggenangan berturut-turut dengan rata-rata 87,5 g 84,1 g dan 77,5 g dan berat bulir padi pada metode terputus,macak-macak dan penggenangan berturut-turut dengan rata-rata 50 g, 43,3 g dan 30 g. Kata kunci: padi ciherang, evapotranspirasi, pemberian air, koefisien tanaman, perkolasi.

KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA LAHAN KARET DENGAN BEBERAPA JENIS VEGETASI YANG TUMBUH DI KEBUN PTP.NUSANTARA III GUNUNG PARA (Study of Physical and Chemical Soil Properties in Rubber Plantation With Several Vegetations That Grow in Gunung Para Sisca Christine Pratiwi Pardosi; Sumono Sumono; Achwil Putra Munir
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT Physical and chemical soil properties are important factors for the growth of rubber plant. This research is aimed to study physical and chemical soil properties on the rubber plant with vegetation such Mucuna bracteata, Nephrolepis biserrata, grass, and without vegetation in Gunung Para PTP.Nusantara III. The observed parameters are soil texture, porosity, water content of field capacity, soil permeability, total nitrogen, avalaible soil phosphate , and land pottasium exchange. The results showed that the soil type was ultisol with sandy clay loam texture and pH ranged from 6.33 to 6.47 (slightly sour). The soil vegetations porosity was 50.43 to 52.24% at 5 cm depth and 48.53 to 48.93% at 25 cm depth, the water content of field capacity was ranged from 40.97 to 44.77%, permeability was ranged from 4.7 to 6.5 cm/h at 5 cm depth and 2.82 to 4.84 cm/h at 25 cm depth, total N was ranged from 0.10 to 0.11%, available P was ranged from 5.6 to 9.98 ppm, K exchange of land was ranged from 0.44 to 0.52 me/100g. The soil without vegetation porosity was 48.73% at 5 cm depth and 46.83 at 25 cm depth, the water content of field capacity was 34.14%, permeability was 2.88 at 5 cm depth and 2.55 at 25 cm depth, total N was 0.009%, avalaible P was 5.5 ppm, K exchange of land was 0.33 me/100g. Keyword: Soil chemistry and physics, vegetation, rubber plantation ABSTRAK Sifat fisika dan kimia tanah merupakan faktor penting bagi pertumbuhan karet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sifat fisika dan kimia tanah pada lahan karet dengan vegetasi Mucuna bracteata, paku harupat (Nephrolepis biserrata), rumput, dan tanpa vegetasi di kebun PTP.Nusantara III Gunung Para. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tekstur tanah, porositas, kadar air kapasitas lapang, permeabilitas tanah, N-total, P tersedia, dan K-tukar tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis tanah ultisol bertekstur lempung liat berpasir dan pH berkisar 6,33-6,47 (agak masam). Tanah dengan vegetasi mempunyai porositas berkisar 50,43-52,24% pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 48,53-48,93% pada kedalaman 25 cm, kadar air kapasitas lapang berkisar 40,97-44,77%, permeabilitas tanah berkisar 4,7-6,5 cm/jam pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 2,82-4,84 cm/jam pada kedalaman 25 cm, N-total berkisar 0,10-0,11%, P tersedia berkisar 5,6-9,98 ppm, dan K-tukar tanah berkisar 0,44-0,52 me/100g. Tanah tanpa vegetasi mempunyai porositas 48,73% pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 46,83% pada kedalaman 25 cm, kadar air kapasitas lapang 34,14%, permeabilitas tanah 2,88 cm/jam pada kedalaman 5 cm dan 2,55 cm/jam pada kedalaman 25 cm, N-total 0,09%, P tersedia 5,5 ppm, dan K-tukar tanah 0,33 me/100g. Kata Kunci: Fisika dan kimia tanah, vegetasi, lahan karet

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