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Endodontic Retreatment in Underfilled Root Canal of Maxillary First Molar with Chronic Periapical Abscess: A Case Report Nanik Zubaidah; Kun Ismiyatin; Cinitra Anindya; Nindhira Puspita Sari; Singgih Harseno; Ahmad Afif Dzulfikar; Dian Dwi Pratiwi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16990

Background:The failure of endodontic treatment commonly caused by imperfect obturation, periodontalperiradicularlesions, untreated root canals, and some other factors. The failure may trigger the occurrenceof secondary infections due to persistent. bacteria.One of the abnormalities that appear after endodontictreatment is a periapical abscess.Endodontic failure can be overcome by endodontic retreatment, apicalsurgery, or extraction. During an endodontic retreatment, endodontic instruments are used to remove theroot canal filling material and to repeat the steps of endodontic treatment to achieve the apical patency.Purpose: This case report presents management to overcome the failure of previous endodontic treatmentwith nonsurgical endodontic retreatment. Case: A 66 years old male patient came with a dull pain oftooth no 16 and uncomfortable when used for chewing since 2 months after endodontic treatment. Theepisodic swelling appeared since 3 months ago which then deflated.The objective examination showed apositive response to bite test and percussion test. Intraoral periapical radiograph confirmed an underfilledroot canal, and a periapical radiolucency with a diffuse border on palatal root. Case Management: Basedon the patient’s history taking, radiographic, and clinical examination,endodontic retreatment was doneand followed by porcelain fused to metal crown restoration. Conclusion: Endodontic retreatment is theappropriate treatmentoption to overcome the failure of the previous endodontic treatment that accompaniedwith a periapical lesion and to preserve its function in stomatognatic system.

The Monomer Elution of Bulk-Fill Sculptable Composite and Flowable Composite after Photopolymerization Nanik Zubaidah; Adioro Soetojo; Kun Ismiyatin; Karina Erda Saninggar; Hendri Eko Wahyudi; Sylvia; Sandra Kartika Sari
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14853

Introduction: Composite resins have excellent mechanical properties, including fast polymerization,aesthetic quality, easy handling, and the ability to adhere to the enamel surfaces. However, there are alsosome disadvantages from this material, one of them is residual monomers. Bulk-fill composite resins areavailable in sculptable (solid) and flowable (liquid) form. Most composite resin matrix is aromatic oraliphatic acrylates. Bis-GMA, UDMA, and TEGDMA are the matrix monomers that are commonly used butshow a high cytotoxicity level. They also have poor mechanical properties such as wear resistance, hardness,tendency to change color, and may cause pulp reactions. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate thenumber of residual monomers in bulk-fill sculptable and flowable composites in the submersion of 75%ethanol solution (10 minutes, an hour, and 24 hours). Methods: Sculptable and flowable composites wereused in this study. Samples (4 mm thick, 5 mm diameter) were prepared and polymerized for 10 secondswith an intensity of 1025 mW / cm2 of a light emitted diode (LED). After the sample was made, each samplewas immediately immersed in a 75% ethanol solution as an extraction liquid and stored in amber-coloredbottles at room temperature. Samples were taken as many as 7 cc at intervals of 10 minutes, an hour, and 24hours. Samples were analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The data obtainedwere analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis Test, Independent T-Test and Mann-Whitney Test at a significancelevel of p <0.05. Result: The amount of elusion remaining monomers of the bulk-fill flowable compositewas higher than bulk-fill sculptable composite. UDMA composite of bulk fill flowable submersed in 75%ethanol solution for 24 hours was the highest among other monomers. Conclusion: Residual monomerseluted inside bulk-fill composite resins in all time periods and the amount of eluted monomers increaseswith time.

Aesthetic treatment on anterior teeth crown fracture caused by dental trauma Nanik Zubaidah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 4 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Complicated crown fracture is a tooth fracture that involve enamel, dentine and pulp. The incidence of complicated crown fracture ranges from 2% to 13% of all dental injuries and the most commonly involved teeth are the maxillary central incisors. Various treatment modalities are available depending on the clinical, physiological and radiographic examination of the involved teeth. Purpose: The aim of this case report is to present the management of crown fractures with pulpal exposure caused by traumatic injury, through endorestoration approach to reconstruct the shape and function of the teeth. Case: A 17 years old male with complicated crown fractures of anterior teeth #11 #21 and #22. The patient wish for aesthetic dental treatment in both of its form and function. Case management: Crown fractures of anterior teeth with exposed pulp caused by traumatic injury were reconstructed by endorestoration approach. The endodontic treatment with post and core insertion in the root canal which will increase its retention and porcelain fused to metal crown which will aesthetically recover its original form and function. After restoration the patient feel very glad and confident with the result. Conclusion: Endorestoration treatment on anterior teeth with complicated crown fractures and exposed pulp is able to recover the normal form, function and dental aesthetic in accordance with stomatognatic system and self confidence.Latar belakang: Fraktur mahkota kompleks (complicated) adalah fraktur pada mahkota gigi yang melibatkan enamel, dentin dan pulpa. Kejadian dari fraktur mahkota kompleks bervariasi antara 2-13% dari semua trauma gigi dan sebagian besar gigi yang terkena adalah gigi insisif pertama rahang atas. Berbagai macam cara perawatan yang dilakukan tergantung pada hasil pemeriksaan klinis, psikologis dan radiografis dari gigi yang terkena. Tujuan: Laporan kasus ini menjelaskan penatalaksanaan fraktur mahkota gigi dengan pulpa terbuka akibat trauma dengan perawatan endorestorasi untuk mengembalikan bentuk dan fungsi gigi. Kasus: Penderita pria umur 17 tahun dengan fraktur mahkota pada gigi anterior #11, #21 dan #22. Penderita tersebut menginginkan perawatan estetik untuk mengembalikan estetik baik bentuk maupun fungsi giginya. Tatalaksana kasus: Fraktur mahkota gigi anterior dengan pulpa terbuka akibat trauma gigi dikembalikan melalui pendekatan perawatan endorestorasi. Perawatan endodontik dengan pasak tuang dan inti yang dimasukkan ke dalam saluran akar akan meningkatkan retensi dan kemudian ditutup dengan mahkota porselen fused to metal dapat mengembalikan bentuk maupun fungsinya. Selesai perawatan, pasien merasa senang dengan hasil perawatan tersebut dan hal ini menunjukkan peningkatan kepercayaan diri pasien. Kesimpulan: Perawatan endorestorasi gigi anterior dengan fraktur mahkota kompleks gigi anterior dengan pulpa terbuka dapat mengembalikan bentuk, fungsi dan estetik yang normal sesuai dengan sistem stomatognatik dan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri.

Management of horizontal crown fracture caused by traumatic injury with endorestoration treatment Nanik Zubaidah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Traumatic injuries of teeth are the main cause of emergency treatment in dental practice. The horizontal crown fracture more frequently observed usually occurs in maxillary anterior region and young male patients. The most common type of coronal fracture is in the middle third, followed by root and apical part. Purpose: The aim of this case report is to present the management of crown fracture of teeth with pulp exposure caused by dental trauma with endorestoration treatment in order to reconstruct the shape and the function of the teeth. Case: A 22 years old male with horizontal crown fracture of anterior teeth. The patient asked for aesthetic dental treatment both for its form and function. Case management: This horizontal crown fracture of anterior teeth with pulp exposure caused by dental trauma still could be reconstructed, mainly by endorestoration treatment. The endodontic treatment with post and core insertion in the root canal then would increase its retention. Later, the porcelain crown would aesthetically recover its original form and function, therefore, it would improve the patient’s confidence and teeth function. Conclusion: Endorestoration treatment on anterior teeth with harizontal crown fractures and pulp exposure is able to recover the normal function, aesthetic, and self-confidence.Latar belakang: Trauma pada gigi merupakan penyebab utama perawatan darurat dalam praktek dokter gigi. Fraktur mahkota horisontal pada umunya terjadi pada gigi anterior rahang atas dan terjadi pada penderita pria muda. Jenis yang paling sering dari fraktur mahkota adalah pada sepertiga tengah, daerah akar dan apical. Tujuan: Laporan kasus ini menjelaskan penatalaksanaan fraktur mahkota gigi dengan pulpa terbuka akibat trauma dengan perawatan endorestorasi untuk mengembalikan bentuk dan fungsi gigi. Kasus: Penderita pria umur 22 tahun dengan fraktur mahkota horizontal pada gigi anterior. Penderita tersebut menginginkan perawatan estetik untuk mengembalikan bentuk dan fungsi giginya. Tatalaksana kasus: Fraktur akar horisontal gigi anterior dengan pulpa terbuka oleh karena trauma gigi dapat direstorasi dengan perawatan endorestorasi. Perawatan endodontic dengan pasak dan inti dimasukkan ke dalam saluran akar dapat meningkatkan retensi. Kemudian mahkota porselen dapat mengembalikan bentuk dan fungsinya, karena itu dapat meningkatkan percaya diri pasien dan fungsi giginya. Kesimpulan: Perawatan endorestorasi pada gigi anterior dengan fraktur mahkota harizontal dan pulpa terbuka dapat mengembalikan fungsi estetik dan percaya diri pasien.

Management of anterior teeth damage caused by complex caries through aesthetic endorestoration Nanik Zubaidah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 1 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Dental caries is a microbiological disease that result in localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissue. It is multifactorial, therefore prevention must be based on a multifactorial approach. The damage of anterior teeth due to complex caries, for certain person may interfere their performance and decrease their self confidence aesthetically. Restoration of tooth form and function, especially on anterior teeth is highly valuable. Purpose: To present a case of maxillary anterior teeth with complex caries, through endorestoration treatment for recovering its original function and aesthetic. Case: The 21 years old male patient with complex carries on maxillary anterior teeth number 12, 11, 21, 22 and 23. The patient felt bad about his performance and affect his self confidence. The patient visited the clinic to repair his teeth and to get its form and function aesthetically. Case management: The endorestoration treatment was performed for carious teeth through pulpectomy followed by insertion of post retention and porcelain fused to metal crowns. Conclusion: Anterior teeth with severed complex caries can be managed through endorestoration treatment to recover its performance and function aesthetically.Latar belakang: Dental karies adalah penyakit infeksi yang berakibat kerusakan jaringan kalsifikasi dan bersifat multifactorial. Oleh karena itu pencegahan dilakukan dengan pendekatan multifactorial. Kerusakan gigi anterior karena karies kompleks untuk orang-orang tertentu mungkin berdampak pada penampilan dan penurunan kepercayaan diri karena factor estetik. Perbaikan gigi anterior dari berbagai kerusakan baik dalam hal bentuk maupun fungsinya sangat besar nilainya. Tujuan: Untuk menunjukkan kasus gigi anterior rahang atas karena karies kompleks melalui perawatan endorestorasi untuk mengembalikan fungsi gigi asli dan estetik. Kasus: Laki-laki usia 21 tahun dengan karies kompleks pada gigi anterior rahang atas 12, 11, 21, 22, dan 23. Penderita dating ke klinik untuk perawatan tentang giginya dan mengembalikan bentuk maupun fungsi estetiknya. Tatalaksana kasus: Perawatan endorestorasi dilakukan untuk gigi karies melalui pulpektomi, insersi pasak dan mahkota porselen fuse to metal. Kesimpulan: Gigi dengan karies kompleks yang berat dapat diperbaiki melalui perawatan endorestorasi untuk mengembalikan penampilan dan fungsi estetiknya.

The aesthetic treatment for anterior teeth with lost crown by endorestoration Nanik Zubaidah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 42 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: The aesthetic has an important role in social life, especially the anterior teeth. The aesthetic abnormality of anterior teeth i.e. discoloration, malpotition or the anterior teeth with crown damage for more than one third or all part of crown is lost due to caries or other causes, will influence its appearance especially during smile. Purpose: The aim of this case report, therefore, is to show how teeth with clinical crown lost or only the root left still can be treated by endorestoration treatment in order to reconstruct the shape and function of the teeth similar to the original ones. Case: Female 52 years old with the lost crown of anterior teeth. The patient did not want her teeth to be extracted. Case Management: The abnormality of these teeth are still able to be reconstructed by endorestoration i.e. endodontic treatment with post and core insertion in the root canal will increase its retention and recovery by the porcelain crown fused to metal to recover the original formation and aesthetic and thus has the normal refunction. The treatment, it improve the confidence of the patient, and also can function normally. The patient did not feel pain. Ronsenography showed the periapical lesion diminished, the neighbor gingival was going better in both function and color. Conclusion: Endorestoration treatment on the anterior teeth with lost crown could recover the normal function, dental aesthetic and self confidence.

Antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide as endo intracanal dressing on Streptococcus viridans Nanik Zubaidah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 41 No. 1 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Calcium hydroxide had been used as the intra-canal dressing in endodontic treatment due to its high alkaline and antimicrobial capacity. It can also dissolve the necrotic tissue, prevent dental root resorbtion and regenerate a new hard tissue. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of calcium hydroxide which had the highest antimicrobial effect on Streptococcus viridans. Samples were divided into 5 groups; each group consisted of 8 samples with different concentration of calcium hydroxide. Group I: 50%, group II: 55, Group III: 60%, Group IV: 65%, Group V: 70%. The antimicrobial testing was performed using diffusion method against Streptococcus viridans. The result of susceptibility test was showed by the inhibition zone diameter which measured with caliper (in millimeter). We analyzed the data using One-Way ANOVA test with significant difference 0.05 and subsequently LSD test. The study showed that calcium hydroxide with concentration 60% has the highest antimicrobial effect.

The citotoxicity of calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing by MTT assay Nanik Zubaidah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 40 No. 4 (2007): December 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Calcium hydroxide had been used as the intracanal dressing in endodontic treatment due to its high alkaline and high antimicrobial capacity. It also be able to dissolve the necrotic tissue, prevent the root resorbtion and regenerate a new hard tissue. The aim of this study is to identify the concentration of calcium hydroxide that has the lowest citotoxicity. There are 5 groups, each group had 8 samples with different concentration of calcium hydroxide. Group I: 50%, Group II: 55%, Group III: 60%, Group IV: 65% and Group V: 70%. The citotoxicity test by using enzymatic assay of MTT [3-(4.5- dimethylthiazol-2yl) ]-2.5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, against fibroblast cell (BHK-21). The result of susceptibility test was showed by the citotoxicity detection of the survive cell of fibroblast that was measured spectrophotometrically using 595 nm beam. The data was analyzed using One-Way ANOVA test with significant difference α = 0.05 and subsequently LSD test. The result showed that in concentration 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, and 70% calcium hydroxide had low toxicity, but calcium hydroxide 60%, had the lowest toxicity.

Effectiveness of light-emitting diode exposure on photodynamic therapy against Enterococcus faecalis: in vitro study Nanik Zubaidah; Agus Subiwahjudi; Dinda Dewi Artini; Karina Erda Saninggar
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 2 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i2.p71-75

Background: A successful root canal treatment eliminates pathogenic bacteria from infected root canals. The most common bacteria in root canal infections is Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), due to its resistance to medicament and root canal irrigation. A photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method of root canal disinfection that uses a combination of photosensitisers and light activation to eliminate bacteria in the root canal. The duration of the PDT irradiation results in the production of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate the E. faecalis bacteria. Purpose: To analyse the differences in the duration exposure of photodynamic therapy against the E. faecalis bacteria. Methods: The E. faecalis bacteria culture was divided into seven eppendorf tubes. Group I was a control group, and group II, III, IV, V, VI and VII were treated using PDT consisting of Toluidine Blue O (TBO) photosensitiser and light source irradiation for ten, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 seconds, respectively. After incubation, the number of bacteria was calculated by the Quebec Colony Counter and analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and the Mann–Whitney test (p <0.05). Results: There was a significant difference between the number of E. faecalis bacteria colonies in each treatment group (p <0.05). Group VI and VII, which had a longer exposure to PDT, showed a smaller amount of E. faecalis bacteria. Conclusion: The longer exposure of PDT results in a smaller amount of E. faecalis bacteria. The light irradiation of 50 seconds is the most effective to eliminate E. faecalis bacteria.

Perbedaan Perlekatan Biofilm Streptococcus mutans pada Resin Komposit Nanofil Tipe Universal Restortive dan Flowable Restorative Andi Kurniawan; Ketut Suardita; Nanik Zubaidah
Conservative Dentistry Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): July - December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Back Ground: Adherence of Stretococcus mutans biofilm (S. mutans) to the surface of dental restorative materials is considered an important step in the development of secondary caries and periodontal disease. There are two type of nanofil composite: universal restorative and flowable restorative. That have different characteristic to induce S.mutans biofilm adherent in it surface. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the adherence of S. mutans biofilm to two types of nanofil restorative materials, flowable restorative and universal restorative.. Materials and Methode: 32 disc-shaped specimens (∅ = 5.0 mm / thickness = 2.0 mm) of two types composite were divided to 4 groups (n = 8): group 1; universal restorative were immersed in pH cycling solution for 14 days ,group 2; Universal restorative were immersed in water for 14 day,group 3: flowable restorative were immersed in pH cycling solution,group 4: flowable restorative were immersed for 14 days in water . in day 15 th, All speciments(n=32) were immersed for 24 hours in artificial saliva.. Streptococcus mutans cells were brought in contact with and grown on the speciments for 48 hours in BHI-B. Bacterial suspension was deposited onto each material and the adhesion of biofilm was evaluated trough optic density (OD) . Optic density biofilm of S.mutans analyzed using Elissa reader’ Spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskall -wallis and Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05). Result: Adherence of S.mutans biofilm on flowable restorative (mean OD:1,933, SD: 0,633) were significantly higher than universal restorative materials (mean OD: 1,240,SD:0,317). (P<0,05) Conclusion: The adherence of S.mutans biofilm on the surface of composites resin nanofil flowable restorative higher than universal restorative.

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