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Nio Song Ai
Program Studi Biologi, Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Other

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JENIS-JENIS VEGETASI RIPARIAN SUNGAI RANOYAPO, MINAHASA SELATAN Siahaan, Ratna; Ai, Nio Song
JURNAL LPPM BIDANG SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : JURNAL LPPM BIDANG SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI

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Abstract

Ekosistem riparian terletak di tepian sungai yang terkena banjir. Ekosistem riparian memiliki fungsi ekologis sebagai penyanggah bagi ekosistem teresterial dan akuatik. Pencemar yang masuk ke Sungai Ranoyapo, Minahasa Selatan dapat menurunkan kualitas air Sungai Ranoyapo. Pentingnya fungsi vegetasi riparian dalam mempertahankan kualitas air Sungai Ranoyapo membutuhkan penelitian tentang vegetasi riparian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis jenis-jenis vegetasi riparian Sungai Ranoyapo, Minahasa Selatan. Hasil penelitian akan sangat bermanfaat sebagai data base dalam penelitian selanjutnya yang terkait dengan DAS Ranoyapo dan kualitas sungai Ranoyapo. Penelitian dilakukan di bagian hulu dan tengah pada Mei-Oktober 2013. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu survei dan analisis data secara deskriptif. Pola penggunaan lahan di sepanjang Sungai Ranoyapo dari hulu hingga tengah bervariasi namun umumnya pertanian tanaman pangan dan perkebunan. Jenis-jenis tanaman di zona riparia misalnya padi (Oryza sativa), jagung (Zea mays), kelapa (Cocos nucifera), ubi (Manihot utilissima), coklat (Theobroma cacao) dan cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum). Vegetasi riparian alami termasuk anggota dari berbagai suku antara lain suku Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Campanulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Acanthaceae, Amaranthaceae, Commelinaceae, Mimosaceae, Fabaceae, Dryopteridaceae, dan Urticaceae. Jenis vegetasi riparian alami tumbuhan bawah antara lain Wedelia trilobata, Digitaria, Eupatorium odoratum, Ageratum conyzoides dan Mikania micrantha. Tumbuhan berupa pohon yaitu Ficus sp., Macaranga sp., dan Terminalia catappa.Kata Kunci: Vegetasi riparian, zona riparia, Sungai Ranoyapo
Comparing the Drought Tolerance of Local Rice Cultivar Superwin with Other Cultivars Cultivated in North Sulawesi Province Based on Dry Matter Partitioning Ai, Nio Song; Ludong, Daniel Peter Mantilen
Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation Vol 4, No 1: Proceeding of 4th ICGRC 2013
Publisher : Proceeding International Conference on Global Resource Conservation

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Abstract

This study evaluated the drought tolerance in local rice cultivar Superwin and some other rice cultivars that are cultivated in North Sulawesi based on the dry matter partitioning. This study aimed to compare the drought tolerance of the local rice cultivar Superwin with other cultivars that are cultivated in North Sulawesi Province and to examine morphological characters that are able to be used as the indicators of drought tolerance in rice. The experiment was conducted in the glasshouse using 6 rice cultivars (cv. Superwin, Sultan, Ciherang, Serayu, Cigeulis and IR 64) grown in the soil mixture at the vegetative stage. The treatments in this experiment were water deficit (without water for 4 weeks) and well-watered (watering until field capacity). The morphological characters consisted of root dry mass, shoot dry mass, total biomass, root: shoot ratio. Root: shoot ratio was a potential indicator for drought-tolerance in rice and Superwin was potential as a drought-tolerant rice cultivar. Keywords: glasshouse, morphological characters,  vegetative, water deficit
IRIGASI HEMAT AIR PADA PADI LOKAL DENGAN VARIASI KETEBALAN TANAH OLAH MENGGUNAKAN POLA TANAM SRI (SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION) Ludong, Daniel P.M.; Ai, Nio Song
EUGENIA Vol 22, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.22.2.2016.12960

Abstract

ABSTRACT   The objective of this research was to evaluate the vegetative development in 3 North Sulawesi local rice varieties (Superwin (A), Temo (B) dan Burungan (C)) as a response to the thickness variation of cultivated soil layer combined with irrigation deletion. This research was conducted in the glasshouse using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) column (500 mm height, 125 mm diameter) as pots. The treatments consisted of 3 variations of cultivated soil layer, i.e. 18, 24 and 30 cm and the clay hardpan was placed below each of the cultivated soil layers. The level of irrigated water and the amount of the fertilizer were applied following the method of SRI (System of Rice Intensification). The results showed that reducing the thickness of cultivated soil layer to 18-24 cm saved the water as much as 6.15-8.12 L (29.7-39.2%) per pot compared with 30 cm thickness of soil layer in Burungan. Comparing with the 24 cm soil layer thickness, the treatments of 18 cm thickness saved 6.92 L (23.42%) and 5.77 L (18.32%) water, respectively in Superwin and Temo. Keywords: efficient irrigation, North Sulawesi local rice, System of Rice Intensification
Kandungan Air Daun Padi Lokal Sulut pada Fase Vegetatif saat Mengalami Rendaman dan Kekurangan Air (Leaf Water Content of North Sulawesi Local Rice at the Vegetative Phase under Waterlogging and Water Deficit Condition) Koda, Marlince; Nio, Song Ai; Siahaan, Parluhutan
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 7, No 1 (2017): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.7.1.2017.16209

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengkaji kandungan air daun sebagai salah satu respon fisiologi  pada tanaman padi lokal Sulawesi Utara (Superwin, Ombong, Temo dan Burungan) pada fase vegetatif saat mengalami perlakuan rendaman dan kekurangan air. Tanaman tidak disiram dengan air selama 14 hari pada perlakuan kekurangan air. Tanaman dalam pot dimasukkan ke dalam bak air yang berisi air dengan tinggi rendaman 15 cm di atas permukaan media selama 14 hari pada perlakuan rendaman. Kandungan air daun berbeda antar varietas dan antar perlakuan, tetapi interaksi antara faktor varietas dan faktor  perlakuan cekaman tidak menyebabkan perbedaan kandungan air daun yang nyata. Kandungan air daun terendah diamati pada varietas Superwin (0,78 mg/L), sedangkan kandungan air daun yang tertinggi diamati pada varietas Ombong (0,89 mg/L). Kandungan air daun pada keempat varietas padi berturut-turut dari yang terendah ke yang tertinggi adalah pada perlakuan kekurangan air (0,79 mg/L), kontrol (0,84 mg/L) dan rendaman (0,90 mg/L). Kata kunci: kandungan air daun, kekurangan air, padi lokal Sulut, rendaman, vegetatif AbstractA study was carried out to evaluate leaf water content as one of the physiological responses in the North Sulawesi Utara local rice (Superwin, Ombong, Temo and Burungan) at the vegetative phase under waterlogging and water deficit condition. When treatments commenced, water was withheld from water-deficit plants and the water level was 15cm above the waterlogged plants. Leaf water content was different among varieties and among treatments, but the interaction between varieties and treatments did not result in significantly different leaf water content. The smallest leaf water content was observed in Superwin (0.78 mg/L), whereas the largest leaf water content was in Ombong (0.89 mg/L). Leaf water content in these four rice varieties from the lowest to the highest was in the treatments of water deficit (0.79 mg/L), well-watered (0.84 mg/L) and waterlogging (0.90 mg/L), respectively.Keywords: leaf water content, North Sulawesi Utara local rice, water deficit, waterlogging, vegetative
Respons Morfologis Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Kekeringan pada Fase Perkecambahan (Morphological Response of Some Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars to Water Deficit at the Seedling Stage) Ballo, Maria; Nio, Song Ai; Mantiri, Feky R; Pandiangan, Dingse
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 2, No 2 (2012): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.2.2.2012.1045

Abstract

Abstrak Biji memerlukan sejumlah besar air yang harus diserap sebelum perkecambahan bisa terjadi, yaitu sekitar dua atau tiga kali dari berat keringnya. Penelitian ini menguji konsistensi respons morfologis padi terhadap kekeringan pada fase perkecambahan dengan perlakuan larutan polietilen glikol (PEG) sebagai larutan osmotikum. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan percobaan faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan PEG 8000 mencakup PEG 0, -0,25, -0,5, -0,75 dan -1,0 MPa terhadap 7 varietas padi, yaitu Beras Merah, IR 64, Burungan, Superwin, Serayu, Aries, dan Cigeulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan respons morfologis terhadap kekeringan yang diinduksi dengan PEG 8000 pada fase perkecambahan di antara ketujuh varietas padi. Panjang akar seminal, panjang tunas, rasio panjang akar seminal : panjang tunas, persentase perkecambahan dan indeks vigor benih dapat dipakai sebagai indikator toleransi kekeringan yang potensial pada fase perkecambahan padi. Toleransi varietas Superwin terhadap kekeringan yang diinduksi dengan PEG 8000 pada fase perkecambahan lebih tinggi daripada varietas padi lainnya. Kata kunci: indikator, PEG, toleransi, kekeringan Abstract The seeds required a large amount of water, i.e. two or three times of their dry weight, to be absorbed before the germination. This study evaluated the consistency of morphological response of rice to water deficit at the seedling stage. The research was conducted as factorial experiment in Randomized Block Design. The treatments of PEG-8000-induced-water deficit were PEG 0, -0,25, -0,5, -0,75 and -1,0 MPa. Those treatments were applied to 7 rice cultivars, i.e. Beras Merah, IR 64, Burungan, Superwin, Serayu, Aries, and Cigeulis. The results showed the difference of morphological response to PEG-8000-induced-water deficit among 7 rice cultivars at the seedling stage. The seminal root length, shoot length, ratio seminal root length: shoot length, seedling percentage and seed vigor index were able to be used as potential water-deficit-tolerant indicators at the seedling stage. Cultivar Superwin was more tolerant to PEG 8000-induced- water deficit than 6 other rice cultivars. Keywords: PEG, indicator, water- deficit tolerant
Alokasi Biomassa pada Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Lokal Sulut Saat Kekurangan Air (Biomass Partitioning for North Sulawesi Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars under Water Deficit Condition) Nio, Song Ai; Lenak, Audry Agatha; Mantiri, Feky R; Mambu, Susan M; Ludong, Daniel PM
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 5, No 2 (2015): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.5.2.2015.10550

Abstract

ABSTRAK Salah satu masalah utama yang menjadi kendala dalam produksi padi di Indonesia adalah kekurangan air yang melanda areal persawahan sehingga menjadi suatu ancaman untuk produksi padi. Masalah tersebut dapat diatasi dengan beberapa cara dan salah satunya dapat dilakukan melalui strategi adaptasi. Oleh sebab itu kajian sifat tahan kering pada padi lokal Sulawesi Utara (Sulut) perlu dilakukan, dalam upaya mendukung tercapainya tujuan strategis tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi sifat tahan kering pada empat varietas padi lokal Sulut (Burungan, Superwin, Temo dan Ombong) pada fase vegetatif saat kekurangan air berdasarkan alokasi biomassa. Setelah 14 hari perlakuan, rasio akar:tajuk pada keempat varietas menunjukkan bahwa varietas Superwin, Temo dan Burungan yang tidak diairi air memiliki rasio akar:tajuk yang lebih besar daripada yang diairi. Berdasarkan alokasi biomassa, sifat tahan kering Superwin, Temo dan Ombong lebih besar dibandingkan dengan Burungan, sehingga varietas ini potensial untuk ditanam di daerah kekurangan air. Kata kunci: biomassa, kekeringan, padi lokal Sulut, vegetative ABSTRACT One of the main problems in rice production in Indonesia is the lack of water and this condition resulted in the decrease of rice production. The problem can be solved in several ways and one of them is adaptation strategies. This study was conducted to evaluate drought resistance in four North Sulawesi local rice varieties (Burungan, Superwin, Temo and Ombong) at the vegetative phase under water deficit based on biomass allocation. After 14 days of treatment, the root:shoot ratio of Superwin, Temo and Burungan under drought were greater than under well-watered condition. Based on the biomass allocation, the drought resistance of Superwin, Temo and Ombong were greater than Burungan, so that these varieties were  potential to be grown in the water deficit areas. Keywords: biomass, drought, North Sulawesi local rice, vegetative
Karakter morfologi akar sebagai indikator kekurangan air pada padi lokal Superwin (Root-morphological characters as water-deficit indicators in local rice Superwin) Torey, Patricia Claudya; Nio, Song Ai; Siahaan, Parluhutan; Mambu, Susan M
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 3, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.3.2.2013.4431

Abstract

Abstrak Evaluasi karakter morfologi akar telah dilakukan untuk menentukan karakter morfologi akar yang potensial sebagai indikator adanya kekurangan air pada padi (Oryza sativa L.) di antara panjang akar, volume akar, berat basah akar, berat kering akar, rasio akar:tajuk dan rasio panjang akar:tinggi tanaman. Eksperimen ini dilakukan di rumah kaca dan menggunakan 2 varietas padi (Superwin dan IR 64) pada fase vegetatif  yang ditumbuhkan pada media tanah di polybag dengan perlakuan kekeringan (tidak disirami selama 14 hari) dan disirami sampai kapasitas lapang (kontrol). Panjang akar dan rasio panjang akar:tinggi tanaman dapat dijadikan indikator kekurangan air pada padi Superwin dan IR 64. Superwin yang merupakan padi sawah dapat dipertimbangkan untuk ditanam di lahan kering. Kata kunci: indikator, kekeringan, morfologi akar Abstract Root-morphological characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were evaluated to determine the potential characters as water-deficit indicators among the length, volume, fresh weight, dry weight, ratio root:shoot and ratio root length:plant height. The experiment was conducted in the glasshouse using 2 rice varieties (cv. Superwin and IR 64) grown in the soil mixture at the vegetative phase. The treatments in this experiment were water deficit (without water for 14 days) and well-watered (watering until field capacity). The root length and ratio root length:plant height were potential as water- deficit indicators in Superwin dan IR 64. The upland rice, Superwin, should be considered to be cultivated in the water limited area. Keywords: drought, indicator, root morphology
Rasio Akar:Tajuk Tanaman Padi Lokal Sulawesi Utara yang Mengalami Cekaman Banjir dan Kekeringan pada Fase Vegetatif (Root:shoot Ratio of North Sulawesi Local Rice under Waterlogging and Drought at the Vegetative Phase) Kakanga, Christin J.R.; Nio, Song Ai; Siahaan, Parluhutan
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 7, No 1 (2017): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.7.1.2017.16208

Abstract

Abstrak Cekaman abiotik terhadap tanaman padi yang berupa rendaman akibat banjir dan kekeringan merupakan faktor pembatas produksi padi di wilayah tropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji respon morfologi khususnya rasio akar:tajuk pada tanaman padi lokal Sulawesi Utara (Superwin, Ombong, Temo dan Burungan) pada fase vegetatif saat mengalami cekaman banjir dan kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca di Kelurahan Tingkulu, Manado, Sulawesi Utara selama 9 minggu (dimulai pada bulan Januari sampai bulan Maret 2017). Pada perlakuan rendaman tanaman dalam pot dimasukkan ke dalam bak air yang berisi air, sampai tanaman terendam 15 cm di atas permukaan media selama 14 hari. Tanaman padi kontrol disiram dengan air saja (tanpa pupuk) sampai kapasitas lapang tiap 2 hari sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor varietas, faktor perlakuan maupun interaksi antara faktor varietas dan perlakuan tidak menyebabkan perbedaan yang nyata pada rasio akar:tajuk.Kata kunci: banjir, kekeringan, padi lokal Sulut, rasio akar:tajuk. Abstract Abiotic stress in rice, such as waterlogging and drought, are limiting factors for rice production in the tropic area. This study aimed to evaluate morphological response especially root:shoot ratio in the North Sulawesi Utara local rice (Superwin, Ombong, Temo and Burungan) at the vegetative phase under waterlogging and water-deficit conditions. This study was carried out in the glasshouse in Tingkulu district, Manado, North Sulawesi for 9 weeks. Water was withheld from water-deficit plants and water level was 15 cm above the waterlogged plants. Well-watered plants were watered to field capacity every second day with tap water (no additional nutrients were supplied). The results showed that there was no differences of root:shoot ratio among rice varieties and among well-watered, water deficit and waterlogging treatments. Keywords: waterlogging, drought, North Sulawesi local rice, root:shoot ratio.
Penggulungan daun pada tanaman monokotil saat kekurangan air (Leaf rolling in monocotyledon plants under water deficit) Nio, Song Ai; Lenak, Audry Agatha
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 4, No 2 (2014): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.4.2.2014.5539

Abstract

Abstrak Penggulungan daun merupakan salah satu bentuk resistensi terhadap kekeringan atau lebih tepatnya mekanisme menghindari kekeringan pada tumbuhan monokotil. Mekanisme ini terjadi dengan cara menurunkan laju evapotranspirasi atau dengan meningkatkan absorpsi air pada tanah kering untuk mempertahankan potensial air daun tetap tinggi. Proses penggulungan daun ini berkaitan erat dengan peranan sel kipas. Pada saat kekurangan air, jumlah dan ukuran sel kipas meningkat, sehingga daun akan menggulung. Tingkat penggulungan daun dapat ditentukan secara visual berdasarkan sistem standar evaluasi untuk tanaman padi dengan memberi skor 1-9. Rendahnya tingkat penggulungan daun berkorelasi positif dengan meningkatnya potensial air daun. Kata kunci: menghindari kekeringan, penggulungan daun Abstract Leaf rolling is one mechanism of drought resistance, i.e. drought avoidance. This mechanism was resulted from decreasing evapotranspiration rate or increasing water absorption in the dry soil to maintain high leaf water potential. The process of leaf rolling in monocotyledon was closely related to the activity of bulliform cells. The number and size of bulliform cells were increased under water deficit, so that leaf rolling occurred. Leaf rolling score (1-9) could be visually determined based on the system of standard evaluation in rice. The low leaf rolling score was positively correlated with high leaf water potential. Keywords: drought avoidance, leaf rolling
Karakter morfologi akar sebagai indikator kekurangan air pada tanaman (Root morphological characters as water-deficit indicators in plants) Nio, Song Ai; Torey, Patricia
JURNAL BIOS LOGOS Vol 3, No 1 (2013): JURNAL BIOSLOGOS
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/jbl.3.1.2013.3466

Abstract

Abstrak Ketersediaan air tanah yang berkurang serta perubahan iklim yang tidak menentu menyebabkan kekurangan air bagi tanaman. Pada saat kekurangan air akar berperan penting dalam adaptasi tanaman karena akar mampu mengabsorbsi air dengan memaksimalkan sistem perakaran. Beberapa karakter morfologi akar yang menunjukkan resistensi tanaman terhadap kekurangan air ialah pemanjangan akar ke lapisan tanah yang lebih dalam, pertambahan luas dan kedalaman sistem perakaran, perluasan distribusi akar secara horizontal dan vertikal, lebih besarnya berat kering akar pada genotipe tanaman yang lebih tahan kering, pertambahan volume akar, peningkatan berat jenis akar dan resistensi longitudinal pada akar, daya tembus akar yang tinggi, lebih tingginya rasio akar dan tajuk serta rasio panjang akar dan tinggi tanaman. Kata Kunci: kekeringan, morfologi akar, resistensi Abstract The decrease of soil water availability and unpredicted climate change resulted in water deficit in plants. The plant root is very important in plant adaptation during water deficit as the root can absorb the water by maximizing the root system. Some root morphological characters that indicated the drought resistance in plant are root lengthening through deeper soil layers, the increase of root area and depth, the increment of horizontal and vertical root distribution, bigger root dry mass in drought-resistant genotypes, increased root volume, the increase of root density and longitudinal resistance, bigger root penetration, higher root shoot ratio, and also larger ratio of root length and plant height. Keywords: drought, resistance, root morphology
Co-Authors Amanda T.C Nalang, Amanda T.C Anggini, Putri Sri Audry Agatha Lenak Daniel P.M. Ludong Daniel Peter Mantilen Ludong Daniel Peter Mantilen Ludong Desti, Yunita DINGSE PANDIANGAN Djangaopa, Jieni Trivalen Evan Jordan Palit, Evan Jordan Feky R. Mantiri Herni E.I Simbala Kakanga, Christin J.R. Kartika Eka Wardani Koda, Marlince Lisa Indried Pantilu Mangansige, Crestie T. Marhaenus Rumondor Maria Ballo Mereh, Risa Junita Parluhutan Siahaan Patricia Claudya Torey Patricia Torey Pirade, Monalisa Ratna Siahaan Regina R. Butarbutar Rumbay, Julia Angel Sigala, Christiani Songke, Natasya G. Sonke, Natasya Gloria Supit, Patrycia Saskia Laurita Susan M Mambu Susan Mambu Tjolleng, Fitria Tumoka, Karina P. Yelni Gogahu, Yelni