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All Journal Jurnal Sains Natural Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala: Sains dan Terapan Kimia
Ridha Arizal
Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Nusa Bangsa
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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OPTIMASI MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM SILIKAT SEBAGAI PENGENTAL DALAM SEDIAAN DEODORAN Ridha Arizal; Mamay Maslahat; Indah Amalya
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1035.698 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v3i1.57

Abstract

Optimation
PARAMETER FISIKA DAN KIMIA AIR KOLAM IKAN NILA HITAM (Oreochromis niloticus) Meilinda Pramleonita; Nia Yuliani; Ridha Arizal; Supriyono Eko Wardoyo
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 8 No. 1 (2018): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (664.032 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v8i1.107

Abstract

Physical and Chemical Parameters of Water Fish Pond Black Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Water is a natural resource that is essential for the survival of humans and other creatures, role of water is essential for life on earth, especially fish in the water habitat. Fish need a comfortable environment in order to be healthy and growing optimally. Therefore, the water, used as a habitat of life for the fish, have certain requirements. So the quality of the water must be very noted. Tilapia is a freshwater fish that has a great tolerance towards the environment, therefore it is highly appreciated by fish farmers in Indonesia.  Study of physical and chemical parameters in water of  tilapia fish pond was done due to lack of review of water quality of tilapia fish pond. The review is based on a sampling of water, i.e. morning and afternoon. A review of the pond water quality was expected to assist fish farmers got information about the qualities of water of tilapia fish pond in physical and chemical characteristics.  The method of this research was Grab (momentarily) methods in water sampling. Testing of water samples in physics done visually for color parameters, temperature using a thermometer device, and brightness parameters was using the secchi disk. In testing the chemical parameters were measurement of pH was using a pH meter Winkler method was done  for the parameters of dissolved oxygen (DO). Titrimetric method was done  for the parameters of  total hardness, and  carbon dioxide, whereas for ammonia parameter was done  by spectrophotometric method were measured using UV-Vissible. After testing all the parameters then interpretation was done for the parameter data.  The results showed the water quality of tilapia fish pond in the area Laladon – Bogor was not  yet qualified for a good fish pond water based on ISO 7550: 2009 Product ion of tilapia growing  level in calm water pond,  for parameter Ammonia levels should be <0.02 mg / L, and based on PPNo.8, on water Quality Standard by 2001. The difference in the parameter levels in the morning and during the day due to the process of respiration at night by the aquatic organisms that produce CO2 gas and the process of photosynthesis during the day by plankton, microalgae, and other aquatic plants to produce a compound O2. The existence of other human activities during the day also affects the difference in the data levels in the morning and day time.Keywords: Tilapia, pond water qualityABSTRAK Air merupakan sumber daya alam yang sangat penting bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia dan makhluk lainnya, Peranan air sangat penting bagi makhluk hidup di bumi terutama ikan yang berhabitat di dalam air. Ikan membutuhkan lingkungan yang nyaman agar dapat hidup sehat dan tumbuh secara optimal. Oleh karena itu  air yang digunakan sebagai sumber kehidupan bagi ikan, memiliki persyaratan tertentu. Sehingga kualitas dari air harus sangat di perhatikan. Ikan nila merupakan ikan air tawar yang memiliki nilai toleransi yang besar terhadap lingkungannya sehingga sangat diminati oleh petani ikan di Indonesia. Studi parameter fisika dan kimia pada air kolam ikan nila dilakukan karena kurangnya peninjauan terhadap kualitas air kolam ikan nila. Peninjauan tersebut dilakukan berdasarkan waktu pengambilan sampel air, yaitu pada pagi dan siang hari. Peninjauan kualitas air kolam diharapkan dapat membantu para petani ikan mendapatkan informasi mengenai kelayakan kolam ikan nila secara fisika dan kimia.  Metode yang dilakukan penelitian ini adalah metode Grab (sesaat) untuk pengambilan sampel air. Pengujian sampel air secara fisika dilakukan secara visual untuk parameter warna, suhu dengan menggunakan alat pengukur suhu, dan metode secchi disk untuk parameter kecerahan. Pada pengujian parameter kimia dilakukan pengukuran pH dengan alat pengukur pH. Metode Winkler dilakukan untuk parameter dissolved oxygen (DO). Metode titrimetrik dilakukan untuk parameter s kesadahan total, dan karbondioksida, sedangkan untuk parameter ammonia dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri yang diukur dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vissible. Setelah dilakukan pengujian semua parameter maka dilakukan interpretasi data hasil penelitian.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan kualitas air kolam ikan nila di daerah Laladon – Bogor belum memenuhi syarat untuk air kolam ikan yang baik berdasarkan SNI 7550:2009 Produksi ikan nila tingkat  pembesaran di kolam air tenang, untuk parameter Ammonia dengan kadar <0,02 mg/L, dan  berdasarkan Baku Mutu PPNo.82 tahun 2001. Terjadinya perbedaan kadar pada pagi dan siang hari dikarenakan terjadinya proses respirasi pada malam hari oleh organisme air sehingga menghasilkan senyawa CO2 dan terjadinya proses fotosintesis pada siang hari oleh plankton, mikroalga, dan tanaman air lainnya sehingga menghasilkan senyawa O2. Adanya aktifitas lain pada siang hari juga mempengaruhi terjadinya perbedaan kadar pada pagi dan siang hari.Kata kunci : Ikan nila, Kualitas air kolam
KUALITAS AIR SUMUR MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH (TPAS) RAWA KUCING KOTA TANGERANG Wahyuni Wahyuni; Supriyono Eko Wardoyo; Ridha Arizal
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (843.657 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.256

Abstract

The Quality of Well Water around Final Garbage Dump (FGD)  Rawa Kucing, Tangerang, IndonesiaFGD Rawa Kucing is located at Sultan Iskandar Muda Street, Kedaung Wetan, Neglasari, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. It serves 1000 tons of garbage per day from 13 districts in Tangerang. The volume of garbage in Kota Tangerang increases from 1,212,264 m3 in 2008 to 4,590,724 m3in 2012.Well water is the main source of water for people around the FGD RawaKucing. They use well water for bath, wash,  and toilet (BWT) and other needs. Garbage decomposition which makes pollution around FGD Rawa Kucing can accur in air, water, and soil. Waste accurs in water and soil caused by leachate. Leachate can easily  spread through rainwater runoff and it absorbs to the ground and polluting it including well water around it. Contaminated well water can decrease the quality of water physically, chemically, and microbiologically.Groundwater samples taken from residents' well water around FGD Rawa Kucing  and they were represented by three groups which have distance 100 m - 3 km from FGD. Each group consisted of three samples which were taken from well water having depths between 8-18 m. The examination of the quality of well water should be made in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.416/MENKE /PER/IX/1990 on the Conditions and Control of the Quality of Clean Water and Quality Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/ on Requirements and Quality Control of Drinking Water.The quality of well water around FGD Rawa Kucing showed that there were the decreased quality water after testing with several parameter tests. There were six examination parameters which concentrate on exceeding the required quality standards that of TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrates (10.5-37.8 mg/L), Ammonia (3.50-66.21 mg/L), Iron (1.054-7.063 mg/L), Manganese (1.085-10.130 mg/L), and Total Coliform (80-130 colonies/100 mL).Keywords : Well water, leachate, TPAS, pollution, water qualityABSTRAKTPAS Rawa Kucing berada di Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda Kelurahan Kedaung Wetan, Kecamatan Neglasari, Kota Tangerang, Banten dan mengangkut 1000 ton sampah/hari dari 13 kecamatan.Volume sampah di Kota Tangerang terus meningkat dari tahun 2008 sebesar 1.212.264 m3 sampai pada tahun 2012 telah mencapai 4.590.724 m3. Air sumur merupakan sumber air utama bagi masyarakat sekitar TPAS, karena hampir semua kebutuhan air dipenuhi dari air sumur yaitu untuk Mandi Cuci Kakus (MCK) dan kebutuhan lainnya. Pencemaran akibat dekomposisi sampah dapat terjadi di udara, dapat pula terjadi pada air dan tanah yang disebabkan oleh adanya rembesan air lindi. Lindi tersebut mudah disebarkan melalui limpasan air hujan dan meresap mencemari air tanah termasukair sumur yang ada di sekitarnya. Air sumur yang terkontaminasi lindi berakibat terjadinya penurunan kualitas air secara fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologi. Air tanah sampelyang diambil berasal dari sumur penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing diwakili oleh 3 pengelompokkan dengan jarak 100 m – 3 km dari TPAS. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 3 sumur pompa dengan kedalaman sumur antara 8 – 18 m. Pemeriksaan kualitas air sumur dilakukan  mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air Bersih dan Peraturan MenteriKesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 tentang Syarat-syaratdan Pengawasan Kualitas Air minum.  Kualitas air sumur masyarakat di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan pengujian terhadap beberapa parameter. Ada 6 parameter pemeriksaan yang mempunyai konsentrasi  melebihi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan yaitu TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrat (10,5-37,8 mg/L), Amonia (3,50-66,21 mg/L), Besi (1,054-7,063 mg/L), Mangan (1,085-10,130 mg/L), dan Total Coliform (80-130 koloni/100 mL).Kata kunci : Air sumur, air lindi, TPAS, pencemaran, kualitas air
KANDUNGAN KIMIA DARI LIMBAH LUMPUR INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM UNTUK BETON GEOPOLIMER DENGAN XRF Nuryanti Nuryanti; Ridha Arizal; Dian Arrisujaya
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.279 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.254

Abstract

Chemical Containt of Waste Water Installation of Drinking Water Treatment for Geopolymer Concrete by XRF Preparation of geopolymer concrete from waste water installation of drinking water treatment (WIDWT) was manufactured in accordance with SNI. Specimen of size 5 x 5 x 5 cm cubes was used for the concretes. The mortar material consisted of binders, activator, aggregate (fine sand) and water (60% of aggregate and 40% of activators and binders). The composition of the activator and binder mixture were 1: 2; 1: 1,5; 1: 1; 1.5: 1; and 2: 1. The results of the comparison of binders A and B were 4.2: 1 and 6.5: 1. The binders were divided into 2 types: A binder (sludge of WIDWT was dried with oven at 105oC for 24 hours) and B Binder (sludge of WIDWT was dried by kiln at 650oC for 6 hours). The highest compressive strength test was 10.00 MPa on binder A with the ratio of activator and binder 1: 1 and Si: Al ratio (4.2: 1). Binder B with a compressive strength of 9.87 MPa with the ratio of activator and binder 1.5: 1 and Si: Al ratio (6.5: 1). Samples of IPAM sludge waste were tested by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), compressive strength testing of mortar geopolymer with Toni-Technik compressive strength test. The highest value of compressive strength appropriated to SNI 03-0691-1996 in class D which can be applied for City Park.Keywords: geopolymer, WIDWT, XRF, activator, binder ABSTRAK Pembuatan beton geopolimer dari limbah instalasi pengolahan air minum (IPAM) telah dilakukan. Beton geopolimer dibuat sesuai dengan SNI pembuatan mortar geopolimer dengan ukuran 5 x 5 x 5 cm. Bahan mortar terdiri dari binder, larutan aktivator dan agregat (pasir halus) serta air dengan perbandingan 60% (agregat) dan 40%(aktivator dan binder). Parameter variasi campuran aktivator dan binder yaitu 1:2; 1:1,5; 1:1; 1,5:1; dan 2:1. Binder dibagi menjadi 2 jenis yaitu Binder A (lumpur IPAM yang dikeringkan dengan oven pada suhu 105oC selama 24 jam) dan Binder B (lumpur IPAM yang dikeringkan dengan tanur pada suhu 650oC selama 6 jam). Hasil perbandingan binder A dan B adalah 4,2:1 dan 6,5:1. Hasil uji kuat tekan tertinggi sebesar 10,00 Mpa pada binder A dengan perbandingan aktivator dan binder 1:1 dengan perbandingan Si:Al (4,2:1). Binder B dengan kuat tekan 9,87 Mpa dengan perbandingan aktivator dan binder 1,5:1 dengan perbandingan Si:Al (6,5:1). Sampel limbah lumpur IPAM diuji dengan X-Ray Flourescene (XRF), pengujian kuat tekan mortar geopolimer dengan alat uji kuat tekan merk Toni-Technik. Nilai kuat tekan tertinggi memasuki persyaratan mutu SNI 03-0691-1996 pada kelas D yang bisa diaplikasikan untuk taman kota.Kata Kunci: geopolimer, IPAM, XRF, aktivator, binder
OPTIMASI PENGGUNAAN GARAM ELEKTROLIT SEBAGAI PENGENTAL SAMPO BENING CAIR Yulia Kurniawati; Supriyono Eko Wardoyo; Ridha Arizal
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 5 No. 1 (2015): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.63 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v5i1.97

Abstract

Optimization Use of Electrolyte Salt as a Thickenerin of Clear-Liquid Shampoo          A wide variety of activities undertaken by humans to meet their needs. They are needed cleaning which makes the body refreshed and become the body protected from various kinds of diseases. One sample is the cleaning shampoo. Simply in shampoo manufacturing process only the addition of materials in water as a solvent. The ingredients that are added generally include surfactants, binding agents, foaming agents, antibacterial, pH regulators, fragrances, dyes, and thickeners.The last process of manufacture of shampoo is setting viscosity. Usually, a substance used as a thickener are electrolyte salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl). However, some manufacturers of similar products using strong electrolyte salt such as sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) as a thickener. The electrolyte salts have a greater degree of dissociation compared with a weak electrolyte salts.Analysis of optimization of the use of the electrolyte salt to clear viscous liquid shampoo was performed in which the electrolyte salt used was NaCl, KCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, and NaHSO4. Each of these electrolyte salts were added to the liquid shampoo preparations as much as 0; 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5; 4.5; 5.5; 6.5; and 7.5%. All treatments were tested the viscosity, organoleptic (color and odor), pH, and density at 250 C. Based on the research that had been done could be concluded that the best salt that could be used to clear liquid shampoo formulation  was NaCl at a concentration above 3.5%.Key words: Shampoo, electrolyte salts, surfactants ABSTRAK          Berbagai macam kegiatan dilakukan oleh manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya. Dibutuhkan suatu pembersih yang menjadikan badan segar kembali dan menjadikan tubuh terhindar dari berbagai macam penyakit. Salah satu pembersih dimaksud adalah sampo. Secara sederhana proses pembuatan sampo meliputi penambahan bahan-bahan dengan air sebagai pelarutnya. Bahan-bahan yang ditambahkan pada umumnya meliputi surfaktan, zat pengikat, zat pembusa, antibakteri, pengatur pH, pewangi, pewarna, dan pengental.Proses terakhir dari pembuatan sampo adalah pengaturan kekentalan. Biasanya zat yang digunakan sebagai pengental adalah garam elektrolit seperti natrium klorida (NaCl). Namun beberapa perusahaan pembuat produk sejenis menggunakan garam elektrolit kuat lain seperti natrium sulfat (Na2SO4), magnesium klorida (MgCl2), dan kalsium klorida (CaCl2) sebagai pengental. Garam-garam elektrolit tersebut memiliki derajat disosiasi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan garam-garam elektrolit lemah.Analisis optimasi penggunaan garam elektrolit terhadap kekentalan sampo bening cair dilakukan dimana garam elektrolit yang digunakan adalah NaCl, KCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, dan NaHSO4. Masing-masing garam elektrolit tersebut di tambahkan ke dalam sediaan sampo cair sebanyak 0; 0,5; 1,5; 2,5; 3,5; 4,5; 5,5; 6,5; dan 7,5 %. Semua perlakuan di lakukan uji kekentalan, organoleptik (warna dan bau), pH, dan Bobot Jenis pada suhu 25 0 C. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa garam terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk formulasi sampo bening cair adalah NaCl yaitu pada konsentrasi diatas 3,5%.Kata Kunci : Sampo, Garam Elektrolit, Surfaktan
EKSTRAKSI GLUKOMANAN DARI TEPUNG PORANG (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) DENGAN ETANOL Nurlela Nurlela; Dewi Andriani; Ridha Arizal
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 14, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (459.668 KB) | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v14i2.8330

Abstract

Iles-Iles kuning (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is a potential source of glucomannan, a polysaccharide compound that has several special properties which often used in various fields of industry, pharmacy, and food. The quality of glucomannan produced domestically still cannot match the quality of imported glucomannan. This study aims to know the effect of difference extraction methods of glucomannan from iles-iles kuning flour using ethanol to obtain high contain of glucomannan with better quality. Good quality of glucomannan has high viscosity and contains small amount of water, ash, protein, fat, and starch. Extraction of iles-iles kuning flour using multilevel concentration of ethanol (40, 60, and 80%) was able to produce higher glucomannan and better quality than ethanol 60% with three times of extraction. Extraction using multilevel ethanol was able to improve glucomannan content from 16,43% to 62,2%. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectra of extracted glucomannan showed the functional groups composing the glucomannan compound (O-H, C=O, C-O, C-H) similar to the spectra of commercial glucomannan.
Co-Authors Dewi Andriani Dian Arrisujaya Indah Amalya Mamay Maslahat Meilinda Pramleonita Nia Yuliani Nurlela, Nurlela Nuryanti Nuryanti Supriyono Eko Wardoyo Wahyuni Wahyuni Yulia Kurniawati