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Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP
Indonesian Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioindustry

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Bioconversion performance and development of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) on treated cocoa pod husk Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO; . SISWANTO; Deden Dewantara ERIS
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 1 (2020): April, 2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (339.524 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i1.365

Abstract

Indonesia is the third largest cocoa producer in the world, thus the number of cocoa pod husk (CPH) resulted from this activity is abundant. To handle this waste, farmer usually uses it directly as a feed source to small ruminants but this practice is less effective due to its low protein content and it also contains a substantial amount of lignin. Black Soldier Fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae are known as bioconversion agents that can be fed upon various organic substrates and they are also high protein source. The aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility of BSF grown on CPH based on their relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), waste reduction index (WRI), and development time. Body size of the imago from each treatment was also measured. Larvae were fed with fresh CPH (F), fresh blended CPH (B), composted CPH (C), mix of fresh CPH with food waste (F+FW) and mix of composted CPH with food waste (C+FW). Food waste served as a control. The results of this study show that the most ideal treatment that possible to be applied in cocoa plantation was C+FW treatmentwhich gave average prepupal fresh weight of 11.20 g/100 larvae with 18 days of development time. This treatment had the highest value of WRI and RGR among all treatments. Composted CPH that mixed with food waste treatment also had a shorter development time of BSF larvae.
Respons tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) terhadap aplikasi konsorsium biostimulan di tiga tipologi lahan Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP; Deddy PURWANTORO; Happy WIDIASTUTI; . SISWANTO; Djoko SANTOSO; . PRIYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.457

Abstract

The consortium biostimulant combines several types of biostimulant applied holistically, such as phytohormones to induce physiological processes, humic acid to improve nutrition intake and land fertility, and biofertilizer arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve abiotic stress tolerance. The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect of application consortium biostimulant on the growth and productivity of Bululawang sugarcane variety planted in three land typologies, i.e. irrigated heavy soil with good drainage (BPL), irrigated heavy soil with poor drainage (BPJ), and rainfed light soil with good drainage (RHL). The research was conducted on plant cane (PC) sugarcane areal in Lumajang Regency, East Java, from July 2019 to September 2020. The treatment plot area was 1 ha for each land typologies, and the observation were conducted on 10 m plant row with ten times replications. Each treatment was replicated ten times. The results showed that the application of consortium biostimulant could induce faster growth of sugarcane shoots and better roots at one month after planting (MAP). Stalk height and diameter showed significantly different values between treatment and control at the plant age 6 to 12 MAP. In addition, the sugarcane stalk weight per meter row also increases by 13.72 – 28.57%. The growth performance of sugarcane on a commercial scale increased, also sugarcane productivity increased by 11.08 – 20.36%. The potential sugar yield increased by 15.05% in BPL land typology, 4.9% in BPJ land typology, and 9.7% in RHL land typology. The difference in land typologies affected the effectiveness of the consortium biostimulant application in increasing sugarcane productivity.
Formulasi bioinsektisida Bacillus thuringiensis isolat indigenos untuk pengendalian Hyposidra talaca pada tanaman teh (Formulation of indigenous isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide to control Hyposidra talaca on tea) Happy WIDIASTUTI; TRI - PANJI; Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP; Iman RUSMANA; Tri Eko WAHYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 87, No 1 (2019): April, 2019
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2950.786 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v87i1.329

Abstract

A study has been conducted to develop indigenousBacillusthuringiensisbioinsecticide. Preliminary study has been conducted to explore B. thuringiensisfrom sample of soil, leaf, and infected larvae from selected tea area as well as another area such as cocoa, and acasia. The result showed that based on the colony morphology, it was found 10 isolateswith the characteristics of B. thuringiensis colony.  Assessed of the ability to formed crystal using phase contrast microscope and staining revealed that 4 isolates as crystal protein forming isolates. The four isolates used as active coumpound of bioinsecticide. The best formula based on the viability of bacteria was the one withwhite clay as a carrier. While the best liquid formula based on the similar characteristic was using maltosa as osmoprotectant. Theassessment ofthetoxisity B. thuringiensistowards Hyposidra talacalarvae showed that B. thuringiensiscould control H. talacalarvaeup to 37.5%. However, the toxicity need longer periode compared to that commercial B. thuringiensisbioinsecticide. [Keywords:Bt insecticide, cypermethrine, integrated pest management, Tea looper].AbstrakPenelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengembangkan bioinsektisida berbahan aktif B. thuringiensisdari isolat asli Indonesia. Eksplorasi B. thuringiensisdari contoh berupa tanah, daun, dan ulat dari kebun teh telah dilakukan demikian pula dari habitat lain seperti kebun kakao dan akasia.  Berdasarkan morfologi koloni diperoleh 10 isolat yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri koloni B. thuringiensis. Selanjutnyaisolat yang diperoleh diuji kemampuan pembentukan kristal protein dengan pewarnaan dan pengamatan mikroskop phase kontras dan menghasilkan 4 isolat yang mampu membentuk kristal protein. Selanjutnya keempat isolat yang diperoleh digunakan sebagai bahan aktif dalam formulasi bioinsektisida. Formula terbaik berdasarkan kriteria viabilitas bakteri adalah formula yang menggunakan bahan pembawa berupa white clay. Formula terbaik untuk bioinsektida cair berdasarkan kriteria viabilitas B. thuringiensisdan kejernihan bioinsektisida adalah menggunakan maltosesebagai osmoprotektan.Pada pengujian toksisitas isolat B. thuringiensisterhadap larvaulat jengkal(Hyposidra talaca)menunjukkan bahwa B. thuringiensishasil percobaan dapat mengen-dalikan larva ulat jengkalhingga 37,5%. Namun demikian toksisitasnya memerlukan waktu yang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan bioinsektisida berbahan aktif B. thuringiensiskomersial. [Kata kuci: Bioinsektisida Bt, pengendalian hama terpadu, sipermetrin, ulat jengkal teh].
Pengaruh kombinasi kitosan soluble liquid dan pestisida sintetik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen cabai keriting di Nganjuk Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP; Sri WAHYUNI; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Priyono PRIYONO; Siswanto SISWANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 90, No 1 (2022): April, 2022
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v90i1.481

Abstract

Chitosan has the potential as a biostimulant also as an antagonistic agent due to its antimicrobial activity. These dual benefits were the superiority of chitosan and potentially to be developed further. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of soluble liquid (SL) chitosan on the growth and yield of curly chili. The variety of curly chili used was Kribo with three treatments examined i.e. the application of single chitosan SL (P1), the combination of chitosan SL and synthetic pesticide (P2), and the conventional application of synthetic pesticide that considered as control (K). Each treatment was replicated four times. The application of chitosan SL was conducted at 21, 42, and 63 days after planting (DAP), while the application of synthetic pesticide was conducted depending on the field conditions. The plant parameters observed were canopy width, plant height, leaf color, and number, and weight of fruits. The observation results were analyzed using table of variance. The results showed that the application of chitosan SL increased the canopy width by 16.3% and plant height by 11.5% compared to control at 99 DAP. The number of fruits per plant also increased by 123% on P1 and 20% on P2 treatment. The fruit weight was also increased by 42.6% on P2 and 18% on P1 treatment. The conversion result showed that single chitosan SL application was able to increase the yield of curly chili per hectare up to 163%, while the combination of chitosan SL and synthetic pesticide resulted in 71% increase in curly chili yield compared to the control.[Keywords: antagonistic agent, biostimulant, chili var. Kribo, production, soluble liquid] Abstrakmikroba. Kedua manfaat ini yang menjadi keunggulan kitosan dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi kitosan soluble liquid (SL) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen tanaman cabai keriting. Varietas cabai keriting yang digunakan adalah Kribo dengan tiga perlakuan yang diuji, yakni aplikasi kitosan SL tunggal (P1), kombinasi kitosan SL dengan pestisida sintetik (P2) dan aplikasi pestisida sintetik secara konvensional sebagai kontrol (K). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang empat kali. Aplikasi kitosan SL dilakukan pada umur tanaman 21, 42 dan 63 hari setelah tanam (HST), sedangkan aplikasi pestisida sintetik dilakukan berdasarkan kondisi di lapangan.  Parameter tanaman yang diamati antara lain lebar kanopi, tinggi tanaman, warna daun, serta jumlah, dan berat buah. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan tabel sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kitosan SL mampu meningkatkan lebar kanopi dan tinggi tanaman sebesar 16,3% dan 11,5% terhadap kontrol pada umur tanaman 99 HST. Jumlah buah per tanaman juga mengalami kenaikan sebesar 123% pada perlakuan P1 dan 20% pada perlakuan P2. Berat per buah mengalami kenaikan sebesar 42,6% pada perlakuan P2 dan 18% pada perlakuan P1. Hasil konversi menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kitosan SL tunggal mampu meningkatkan produksi cabai keriting per hektar hingga 163%, sedangkan aplikasi kombinasi kitosan SL dan pestisida sintetik meningkatkan produksi sebesar 71% dibandingkan kontrol.[Kata kunci:  agen antagonis, biostimulan, cabai var. Kribo, produksi, soluble liquid]