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All Journal JURNAL BIOMEDIK JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK
Margareth R. Sapulete
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Gambaran Penggunaan Sumber Air Minum dan Sanitasi Jamban pada Anak-anak di Pusat Pengembangan Anak ID-127 Kelurahan Ranomuut Kota Manado Laato, Sartika S.; Palandeng, Henry Malcom Frank; Sapulete, Margareth R.; Porajow, Zwingly Christian J.G.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 1 Nomor 2 Mei 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

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Abstract: Universal Precautions are prevention acts that must be done by all of the health workers to prevent the infection spreading from the patients or vice versa. The purpose of this research is to measure the overview of the implementation of universal precaution in Kolongan Community Health Center. The research method is surveillance descriptive research with Total Sampling method as the sample collecting method.There are (13.33%) of the respondents do not wash their hands appropriately with soap, (17.78%) do not wash their hands before doing medical examination to patients, (4.44%) do not wash their hands after doing medical examinations to patients, (2.22%) do not wash their hands if skin is contaminated with blood or body fluids, (6.67%) do not wear gloves anytime they may come in contact with blood or body fluids. There were (6.67%) do not always wear gloves when cleaning up blood and body fluids soiled objects and (17.78%) do not always use masks when doing medical examination to tuberculosis or other droplet diseases patients. We found out that (6.67%) and (8.89%) do not always disinfect the medical instruments before and after using and do not always clean up the medical instruments with flowing water and soap before and after using, (24.44%) do not always clean up the medical instruments that may not contaminated with pathogens, such as linen, wheel chairs, infuse pumps before and after using. Nevertheless, all of the respondents agreed that there are proper needles and sharps disposals, and all of the respondents always dispose all needles and other sharps promptly to each of their disposals, all of the respondents agreed that there are separated disposals for medical and non medical wastes, and all of the respondents always dispose the wastes properly to the separately disposals. Conclusion: in Kolongan Community Health Center, the overview of the implementation of universal precautions is good. Keywords: Universal Precautions, Infection, Kolongan Community Health Center.
Gambaran Penggunaan Air pada Remaja di Pusat Pengembangan Anak Id-127 Kelurahan Ranomuut Kota Manado Limen, Phrycillia N.P; Palandeng, Henry Malcom Frank; Sapulete, Margareth R.; Moningtja, Tyrsa
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 1 Nomor 2 Mei 2013
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Background: Indonesia’s target of clean water usage in 2015 is 68.9% and 63.5% for sanitation, based on the world government’s commitment in Johannesburg on Summit 2002. According to the research by Jimmy Woodcock in 2011, only 20% of Indonesia citizens are having access to the clean water. Method: This research is aimed to know the description of water usage on teenagers in Children Development Center ID-127, Ranomuut District, Manado City. This research is a quantitative research. The population is 90 respondents consist of 41 males and 49 females, where the samples are teenagers in age’s 11-15. The data are presented by using distribution tables. Result: The research shows that 46.7% of teenagers are using water company facilitation as their source for daily needs. About 65.6% are using water filter as their drinking water source and although the 34.4% are using other sources, the water were boiled.. Most of them use the physically qualified water such as no color, no taste, no smell, and only 18.9% having several health complaints after using the water. Conclusion: Raising the awareness of teenagers about the importance of clean water by health promotion and attention from the environment may help in providing the safe and clean water for teenagers.Keywords: community, dengue fever, Knowledge, Maen village.
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Kewaspadaan Universal di Puskesmas Tanawangko Rayndi, Chenko; Sapulete, Margareth R.; Rombot, Dina V.; Monintja, Tyrsa
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 1 Nomor 3 Agustus 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

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Universal precautions is an efforts undertaken in the framework of preventive protection, and minimize cross-infection among health care workers and patients as a result of direct contact with the patient, or the patient's body fluids, and infected with contagious diseases. The purpose of research is to describe the implementation of the universal precautions in the Tanawangko Health Center. This research is a descriptive study. The results showed all respondents always wash their hands before and after performing medical procedures, all respondents always wash their hands with soap and flowing water, 45.45% of respondents did not use a mask when treat patients, all respondents always use gloves when contact with blood or body fluids, 13.64% of respondents did not use gloves when cleaning medical equipment, all respondents always take steps decontamination and sterilization, all respondents always wash medical equipment after use with soap or detergent, 9.09% of respondents did not close the syringe needle with one hand method, 22.73% of respondents did not dispose needle and other sharps in special containers, 77.27% of the respondents did not dispose of medical waste and non-medical in the trash bin. Keywords: Universal Precautions
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Kewaspadaan Universal di Puskesmas Paniki Bawah Kecamatan Mapanget Berhitu, Fergina Stefany; Sapulete, Margareth R.; Ottay, Ronald; Porajow, Zwingly Christian J.G.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 1 Nomor 3 Agustus 2013
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Universal Precautions is simple effective ways designed to protect healthcare workers and patients from infection of various pathogens. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of universal precautions in health centers of Paniki Bawah, Mapanget District of Manado City. This descriptive study has been conducted in October 2012 - December 2012 and sampling by using the total population method.The study results showed that all of the respondents wash their hands with soap, 6.67% respondents do not always wash their hands before contact with patients, all of the respondents wash their hands after contact with patients, (100%) of the respondents always wash hands when exposed to blood or body fluids, (3.33%) of respondents did not use sterile gloves when contact with blood or body fluids, (3.33%) of respondents did not use gloves when cleaning medical equipment, (10% ) of respondents did not always wear a mask when treating patients with suspected TB, (100%) of respondents always perform decontamination and sterilization procedures for medical equipment, (100%) of respondents said yes to the container waterproof and resistant to punctures, (100%) respondents always discard needles / sharps in the container, (100%) respondents said there were bins of medical and non-medical (100%) of the respondents dispose of medical waste and nonmedical according to the space provided. Keywords: Universal Precautions
Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Tindakan Pencegahan Penyakit Malaria di Desa Tateli I Jaga I Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa Karundeng, Regina J.; Rombot, Dina V.; Sapulete, Margareth R.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume I Nomor 4 Desember 2013
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Malaria is one of the disease that gives quite high morbidity and mortality in this wolrd. Malaria is a disease with the 3rd amount of death. In Indonesia, Malaria is still main healthy problem because it influences rate of illness in baby, give birth mother and caused extraordinary event ( KejadianLuarBiasa – KLB ). Based on RISKESDA 2009/2010 Ma-laria case in Sulawesi Utara is 61, 7 %. The goal of this research is to figure out the knowledge and preventing action has been done by Tateli citizen over Malaria disease. This research is a descriptive and survey method. The sampling of this research has been taken at Jaga I, that is one of the area where the mosquito grow. The result of this research shows that the knowledge of Tateli I Jaga I citizen is good, shown by caused and signed of Malaria that has been known for 90 % and the preventing action over Malaria disease is not really good, because we can find 76 % that didn’t use wire, and 89 % didn’t use mosquito net in their house.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DI DESA PURWOREJO KECAMATAN MODAYAG KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW TIMUR TERHADAP INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT (ISPA) Mahendra, I Dewa Agung Ngurah; Ottay, Ronald I.; Sapulete, Margareth R.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 2 Nomor 2 Mei 2014
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The Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an acute infection that attacks one or more parts of the nose (upper line respiratory)to the alveoli (bottom line respiratory). This often occurs in infants, primarily when there are a malnutrition andless clean environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to describe the behaviour of people in rural communities.This study used descriptive study design. This research was conducted in the Purworejo Village, Modayag Sub-District, East Bolaang Mongondow District of the North Sulawesi Province. Total population is 820 patriarchs, and thenumbers of samples are 89 respondents. The samples were selected by using the simple random sampling method. Poolingof data was used by questionnaires. The result of this study showed that of the 89 respondents, 56.8% respondentshad a good knowledge, while 43.2% had poor knowledge, 87.1% had a good attitude, on the other hand, 12.9% respondentshad poor attitude, and 88% had good practice related to the ARI, while 12% had a poor practice. It can be concludedthat the knowledge, attitude and practice related to the ARI in the Purworejo Village of Modayag District, East BolaangMongondow are good.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI).
Gambaran Faktor Risiko Pengobatan Tuberkulosis Paru di Kota Manado Tahun 2014 Tombokan, Gideon Abdi; Palandeng, Henry M.F.; Sapulete, Margareth R.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 3 Nomor 4 (2015)
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Tuberkulosis paru merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh basil Mycobaterium tuberculosis. Penularan penyakit berlangsung  diudara dari individu yang sehat dengan paparan udara yang telah terkontaminasi oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Dalam perkembangan diagnostik serta terapi tuberkulosis paru timbul masalah baru yaitu Resistensi Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (Multi-Drugs Resistent Tuberculosis).. Data dari poli MDR-TB RSUP Prof. R.D. Kandou, Manado tahun 2014 terdapat 8 penderita tuberkulosis paru dengan resistensi obat. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko penderita MDR-TB di Kota Manado tahun 2014. Metode Penelitian: penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Data penelitian berjumlah 8 orang didapatkan dari data sekunder Poli MDR-TB RSUP Prof R.D. Kandou. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan data primer berupa kuesioner dan data sekunder. Dari data sekunder pada periode bulan april-desember 2014 terdapat 8 penderita MDR-TB yang tersebar di 4 kecamatan Kota Manado. Hasil: Disimpulkan bahwa evaluasi perlu dilakukan diberbagai aspek namun hasil penelitian menekankan pada petugas kesehatan harus memiliki unsur edukatif, informatif dan komunikatif dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan. Pasien harus diberikan pemahaman yang jelas serta dorongan dari petugas kesehatan untuk menumbuhkan motivasi untuk berobat teratur.Kata Kunci : Tuberkulosis paru, Faktor risiko, MDR-TB
Gambaran Kualitas Air Minum Isi Ulang (Damiu) di Kelurahan Malalayang II Tarelluan, Endang Giani; Sapulete, Margareth R.; Monintja, Tyrsa C.N.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 4 Nomor 1 (2016)
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Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) adalah usaha industri yang melakukan proses pengolahan air baku menjadi air minum dan menjual langsung kepada pembeli. Pemerintah Repoblik Indonesia telah menetapkan syarat-syarat kualitas air minum dengan keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor: 492/MENKES/Per/IV/2010. Depot air minum wajib melakukan pengujian mutu produk di Laboratorium Pemeriksaan Kualitas Air yang dipilih oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota atau yang terakreditasi sekurang-kurangnya 6 bulan sekali.Pengujian tersebut bertujuan menjamin mutu produk air minum yang dihasilkan, mendukung terciptanya usaha depot air minum isi ulang yang sehat dan upaya perlindungan kepada konsumen.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan metode cross sectional yang bersifat deskriptif laboratorium.Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 5 DAMIU yang masih beroprasi di Kelurahan Malalayang II. Sampel sama dengan total populasi, yaitu sampel air minum dari 5 DAMIU di Kelurahan Malalayang II. Pemerikasan sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Dinas Kesehatan Manado dengan metode Most Problem Number (MPN). Hasil penelitian dari 5 DAMIU didapatkan air minum yang tercemar Escherichia coli (20%) dan Coliform (40%) yaitu sampel A dan sampel C tidak memenuhi syarat (TMS). Sampel B, D, dan E tidak ditemukan adanya total Coliform dan Escherichia coli dan merupakan sampel yang memenuhi syarat (MS). Pemilik DAMIU harus menerapkan syarat Hygiene Sanitasi dan melakukan pemeriksaan kualitas air minum secara berkala agar air minum yang dihasilkan sehat dan aman.Kata kunci : Kualitas Bakteriologis, Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang, Higiene Sanitasi
Gambaran Mikrobiologi Air Minum dari Depot Isi Ulang di Kecamatan Ranoyapo Sual, Gabriela F.; Monintja, Monintja C.N.; Sapulete, Margareth R.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 4 Nomor 1 (2016)
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Air sangat penting bagi berlangsungnya proses fisiologis manusia dan metabolisme sel. Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi dan ilmu pengetahuan juga gaya hidup manusia yang semakin dinamis dan serba instan, sebagian besar masyarakat lebih memilih air minum yang siap dikonsumsi. Hingga kini masyarakat lebih memilih mengonsumsi Air Minum Isi Ulang (AMIU) yg lebih murah.  Beberapa tahun terakhir kualitas AMIU Indonesia dicap menghasilkan air minum yang kurang berkualitas. Hal ini dikarenakan ditemaukannya banyak Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang (DAMIU) yang tidak memenuhi syarat khususnya ditinjau dari parameter bakteriologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas air di Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di kecamatan Ranoyapo berdasarkan parameter mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif laboratorium yang dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2015 di lima DAMIU yang berada di kecamatan Ranoyapo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua (40%) dari lima depot AMIU yang diperiksa tercemar bakteri Coliform.  Depot A ditemukan 15 MPN/100 ml Coliform dan depot E ditemukan 21 MPN/100 ml Coliform.  Dari lima sampel yang diteliti tidak didapatkan satupun sampel positif bakteri E.coli.  Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dua (40%) dari lima depot air minum isi ulang di kecamatan Ranoyapo tidak memenuhi syarat sedangkan 3(60%) lainnya memenuhi syarat ditinjau dari parameter mikrobiologis.Kata kunci : Air, Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang(DAMIU), Kualitas Bakteriologis
Gambaran Kualitas Air Minum dari Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kelurahan Ranotana-Weru dan Kelurahan Karombasan Selatan Menurut Parameter Mikrobiologi. Walangitan, Maria R.; Sapulete, Margareth R.; Pangemanan, Jane M.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 4 Nomor 1 (2016)
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Kemunculan depot air minum isi ulang (DAMIU) saat ini semakin banyak di Kota Manado.Setiap depot air minum wajib melakukan pemeriksaan mutu produk sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, namun tidak satupun dari delapan depot yang ada di Kelurahan Ranotana-Weru dan Kelurahan Karombasan Selatan melakukan hal tersebut.Kualitas dari air yang dihasilkan DAMIU sangat berpengaruh bagi kesehatan manusia. Salah satu penyakit yang dapat disebabkan oleh kualitas air yang buruk yaitu diare. Menurut data Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara penyakit diare termasuk dalam penyakit yang menduduki peringkat ke 2 dengan jumlah 32.589. Sedangkan Kota Manado kasus diare dideteksi yaitu sebesar 3,1%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air minum yang dihasilkan depot air minum di Kelurahan Ranotana-Weru dan Kelurahan Karombasan Selatan berdasarkan parameter mikrobiologi yaitu total Coliform dan Escherichia coli.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Most Probable Number yang dilaksanankan di Laboratorium Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi SULUT. Tiga dari delapan sampel mengandung bakteri Coliform yaitu depot A dan B dengan jumlah 13 MPN/100 ml dan depot E dengan jumlah >240 MPN/100 ml dan satu diantara sampel tersebut menunjukkan adanya kandungan bakteri Escherichia coli yaitu depot E dengan jumlah 240 MPN/100 ml.Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 37,5 % DAMIU yang ada di Kelurahan Ranotana-Weru dan Kelurahan Karombasan Selatan menghasilkan air yang tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi karena mengandung bakteri Coliform dan Escherichia coli.Diperlukan pengawasan yang ketat dari Pemerintah terhadap air minum yang dihasilkan oleh DAMIU, serta menindak lanjuti dengan tegas DAMIU yang kualitas airnya buruk atau tidak memenuhi syarat. Kata kunci: Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang, Bakteri Coliform, Bakteri Escherichia Coli
Co-Authors Chenko Rayndi Dina Rombot Endang Giani Tarelluan, Endang Giani Fergina Stefany Berhitu Gabriela F. Sual, Gabriela F. Gideon Abdi Tombokan, Gideon Abdi Gustaaf A. E. Ratag Henry M. F. Palandeng Henry Malcom Frank Palandeng I Dewa Agung Ngurah Mahendra Jane M. Pangemanan, Jane M. Maria R. Walangitan, Maria R. Monintja C.N. Monintja, Monintja C.N. Phrycillia N.P Limen Regina J. Karundeng Ronald I. Ottay Ronald Ottay Rosaline, Sheila Sartika S. Laato Semuel Johan Eman, Semuel Johan Tyrsa C.N. Monintja, Tyrsa C.N. Tyrsa Moningtja Tyrsa Monintja Zwingly Christian J.G. Porajow