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All Journal JEJAK Forum Agribisnis
Bonar Marulitua Sinaga
Program Studi Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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PRICE TRANSMISSION OF SKIM MILK POWDER IN INDONESIA: DO SKIM MILK POWDER IMPORT PRICES FOLLOW THE PRICES IN NEW ZEALAND? Nurunisa, Venty Fitriany; Sinaga, Bonar Marulitua; Winandi, Ratna; Brummer, Bernhard
Forum Agribisnis Vol 4, No 2 (2014): FA Vol 4 No 2 September 2014
Publisher : Forum Agribisnis

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Abstract

The objectives of this research are i) to examine New Zealands dairy sector and ii) to analyze the market integration and price transmission of Skim Milk Powder (SMP) of New Zealand and Indonesian market. The methods used are Augmented Dickey Fuller test, Johansen Cointegration test, and Vector Error Correction Model. The result indicates: 1) as trade partner, New Zealand is powerful due to its status as the largest dairy producer worldwide; therefore, Indonesia has less bargaining power and 2) The SMP market of both countries are integrated. The coefficient of long run equation variable indicates that every 10 percent changes of one market, the imported SMP price will adjust 10.97 percent, while the exported SMP price will adjust 9.12 percent. The loading vector coefficient indicates that Indonesia is the only party adjusting to long run disequilibrium. Policies to minimize the risks includes: i) buffer budget, ii) alternative suppliers and iii) futures trade.
Impacts of Government and Household Expenditure on Human Development Index Sulistyowati, Niken; Sinaga, Bonar Marulitua; Novindra, Novindra
JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Vol 10, No 2 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11305

Abstract

The objective of this reseach are to: (1) analyze the factors affecting human development index and household expenditures for health, education and others, (2) predict the impacts of government expenditure policy in the field of education, health, and infrastructure on human development index in Central Java.  The model was built using econometric approach in the form of a system of simultaneous equations, including five blocks i.e. government's revenue, expenditures, input, output, and performance. The system of simultaneous equations consisted of 26 equations (19 structural equations and 7 identity equations). The estimation method used Two Stage Least Squares with SYSLIN procedure. Prediction simulation used the stepwise Autoregressive method. The model simulation used Newton's method and SIMNLIN procedure. The results of policy simulation concludes that the combination of the increase in government expenditure for education and infrastructure lead to better performance in increasing income per capita, disposable income and HDI compared to the combination of the policy of the increase in government expenditure for education and in both municipalities and district, but municipalities receive greatest impact compared to the district.
Co-Authors Bernhard Brummer Novindra Novindra Ratna Winandi Sulistyowati, Niken Venty Fitriany Nurunisa