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All Journal JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Eko Sugiharto
UGM
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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RESIDU PESTISIDA PIRETROID PADA BAWANG MERAH DI DESA SRIGADING KECAMATAN SANDEN KABUPATEN BANTUL Narwanti, Iin; Sugiharto, Eko; Anwar, Chairil Anwar
PHARMACIANA Vol 2, No 2: November 2012
Publisher : PHARMACIANA

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap residu pestisida piretroid pada sampel bawang merah di Desa Srigading, Kecamatan Sanden, Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi residu pestisida piretroid pada bawang merah. Sampel bawang merah diekstraksi menggunakan alat homogenizer dengan pelarut aseton. Clean-up dilakukan dengan kolom kromatografi menggunakan florisil dan selanjutnya kadar residu pestisida ditentukan dengan kromatografi gas yang dilengkapi dengan detektor tangkapan elektron (Electron Capture Detector/ECD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel bawang merah terdeteksi adanya residu pestisida piretroid (_-sipermetrin dan _-sihalotrin). Kisaran residu pestisida pada sampel bawang merah untuk _-sipermetrin (98,8-245,6 ppb) dan _-sihalotrin (14,4-120,0 ppb). Terdapat sampel bawang merah yang melebihi Batas Maksimum Residu (BMR).
METHANE EMISSION FROM DIRECT SEEDED RICE UNDER THE INFLUENCES OF RICE STRAW AND NITRIFICATION INHIBITOR Wihardjaka, A.; Tandjung, S. Djalal; Sunarminto, B. Hendro; Sugiharto, Eko
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 13, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Incorporation of rice straw into soil is a common practice to improve soil productivity and increase inorganic fertilizer availability. However, this practice could contribute to methane (CH4) emission; one of the greenhouse gases that causes global warming. Nitrification inhibitors such as neem cake and carbofuran may reduce methane emission following application of rice straw. The study aimed to evaluate the application of rice straw and nitrification inhibitor to methane emission in rainfed lowland rice system. A factorial randomized block design was used with three replications. The first factor was rice straw incorporation (5 t ha-1 fresh straw, 5 t ha-1 composted straw), and the second factor was nitrification inhibitor application (20 kg ha-1 neem cake, 20 kg ha-1 carbofuran). The experiment was conducted at rainfed lowland in Pati, Central Java, during 2009/2010 wet season. Ciherang variety was planted as direct seeded rice with spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm in each plot of 4 m x 5 m. The rice straw was treated together with soil tillage, whereas nitrification inhibitor was applied together with urea application. Parameters observed were methane flux, plant height, plant biomass, grain yield, organic C content, and bacterial population in soil. The methane flux and soil organic C were measured at 25, 45, 60, 75, and 95 days after emergence. The results showed that composted rice straw incorporation significantly emitted methane lower (73.2 ± 6.6 kg CH4 ha-1 season-1) compared to the fresh rice straw (93.5 ± 4.0 CH4 ha-1 season-1). Application of nitrification inhibitors neem cake and carbofuran reduced methane emission as much as 20.7 and 15.4 kg CH4 ha-1 season-1, respectively. Under direct seeded rice system, methane flux level correlated with plant biomass as shown by linear regression of Y = 0.0015 X + 0.0575 (R2 = 0.2305, n = 27). This means that higher plant biomass produced more methane flux. The study indicates that application of nitrification inhibitors such as neem cake is prospective in decreasing methane emission from direct seeded rice cropping. 
NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION AND NITROGEN UPTAKE AFFECTED BY SOIL AMENDMENT AND NEMATICIDE IN RAINFED RICE SOILS AT CENTRAL JAVA Wihardjaka, A.; Tandjung, S. Djalal; Sunarminto, B. Hendro; Sugiharto, Eko
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 14, No 2 (2013): October 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Rice cultivation is one of the antropogenic sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission that is produced by microbiological nitrification-denitrification processes. Incorporating soil amendment in rainfed rice soil attempted to increase soil productivity, while nematicide application aimed to maintain root growth system. Incorporating soil amendment and nematicide application are predicted to suppress N2O production in lowland rice. The objective of this research was to study the interaction of soil organic amendment and nematicide on N2O emission and nitrogen uptake from rainfed lowland rice soils. A field experiment was conducted in rainfed lowland rice soils during 2010/2011 wet season (direct seeded rice) and 2011 dry season (transplanted rice). The 3 x 3 factorial trial was arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. The first factor was soil amendment consisted of without rice straw, fresh rice straw and composted rice straw. The second factor was nematicide application consisted of without nematicide, neemcake and carbofuran. Variables measured were N2O flux, rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake. Incorporation of fresh and composted rice straws reduced N2O flux about 49.2% and 59.9% in transplanted rice, and 32.9% and 28.2% in direct seeded rice, respectively. The neemcake application reduced N2O emission about 44-50%, while carbofuran application decreased N2O emission by 23-35%. Neemcake has a good potential as nitrification inhibitor of N2O emission, so the neem trees have a prospect to be cultivated intensively. The reduction of N2O emission was effective in direct seeded rice system with the application of neemcake and fresh rice straw, however, in transplanted rice system it was effective with neemcake and composted rice straw applications.
Profil Pertukaran Ion Zeolit Cikalong Termodifikasi-Na pada Pengambilan Ion Cu2+ dari Larutannya Widodo, Didik Setiyo; Sugiharto, Eko; Wahyuni, Endang Tri
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 5, No 1 (2002): Volume 5 Issue 1 Year 2002
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1713.43 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.5.1.1-3

Abstract

Telah dilakukan pengujian pertukaran kation Na+ pada zeolit alam termodifikasi terhadap ion Cu2+ dalam larutan. Kajian dilakukan dengan cara mempertukarkan ion Na+ dalam zeolit dengan ion Cu2+ dengan cara batch. Dipelajari juga pengaruh keberadaan ion Mn2+dan Ni2+ terhadap kemampuan zeolit dalam mengambil Iogam tersebut. Konsentrasi ion-ion logam sebelum dan sesudah analisis ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit alam asal Cikalong yang telah dimodifikasi memiliki kemampuan dalam mengambil ion logam Cu dan kapasitas ini mengindikasikan karakter zeolit yang selektif terhadap ion yang diujikan. Keberadaan ion logam lain dalam larutan sampel tidak mempengaruhi selektivitas tersebut kecuali hanya menurunkan jumlah ion logam yang terambil. Na-zeolit mampu mempertukarkan kation Cu2+  sampai 60,36% dalam keadaan sendiri dan 39,34% dalam keadaan bersama kation logam lain selama pertukaran.
Pengambilan Ion Logam Mn2+ dan Ni2+ Menggunakan Na-Zeolit: Suatu Usaha Pengkajian Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Indonesia Widodo, Didik Setiyo; Sugiharto, Eko; Wahyuni, Endang Tri
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 7, No 2 (2004): Volume 7 Issue 2 Year 2004
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (262.062 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.7.2.35-38

Abstract

Zeolit alam asal Cikalong Jawa Barat telah digunakan untuk pengambilan ion Mn2+ dan Ni2+ dari larutannya, dengan cara mempertukarkan ion-ion tersebut dengan ion Na+ dalam zeolit alam termodifikasi berdasarkan sistem batch. Penelitian ini juga mengkaji pengaruh keberadaan ion Cu2+ di dalam sistem pertukaran kation. Konsentrasi ion-ion dianalisis dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Data eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa zeolit alam yang telah dimodifikasi dengan Na+ dapat digunakan untuk mengambil ion Mn2+ dan Ni2+ melalui mekanisme pertukaran kation. Uji selektivitas memperlihatkan bahwa Na-Zeolit lebih selektif terhadap Mn2+ dibandingkan terhadap Ni2+. Urutan selektivitas ini tidak dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan Cu2+. Na-Zeolit mampu mempertukarkan kation Mn2+ sampai 57,73 % dalam keadaan sendiri dan 19,72 % dalam keadaan bersama; Ni2+ sampai 37,71 % dalam keadaan sendiri dan hanya 5,81 % dalam keadaan bersama kation logam lain di dalam larutannya.
Co-Authors A. Wihardjaka Agnes Dyah Novitasari Lestari B. Hendro Sunarminto Candra Purnawan Chairil Anwar Anwar Christian Widya Purnama Setyabudi, Christian Widya Purnama Didik Setiyo Widodo Dwi Siswanta Endang Astuti Endang Tri Wahyuni Iin Narwanti Indriana Kartini Nurul Hidayat Apriliata S. Djalal Tandjung Slamet Suprayogi Sofia Wantasen Sudarmadji Sudarmadji