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All Journal Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering)
Astu Unadi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering

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Pengaruh Cara Ekstraksi dan Musim Terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Minyak Bunga Melati nFN Suyanti; Sulusi Prabawati; nFN Yulianingsih; nFN Setyadjit; Astu Unadi
Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian Vol 2, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpasca.v2n1.2005.18-23

Abstract

Pengaruh cara ekstraksi dan musim terhadap rendemen dan mutu minyak bunga melati. Bunga melati selama ini hanya digunakan sebagai bunga rampai, bunga sesaji, dekorasi dan pewangi teh. Namun sebenarnya bunga melati mcmpunyai potensi untuk dibuat minyak bunga alami. Minyak melati merupakan bah an untuk industri kosmetik, parfum, farmasi, sabun dan produk yang berbau wangi lainnya. Selama ini kebutuhan industry dalam negeri di impor dari Negara penghasil minyak bunga dengan harga yang cukup mahal, Pcnelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan teknologi ekstraksi minyak mclati yang dapat menghasilkan rendemen dan mutu yang tinggi. Bunga melati gambir (Jasminum officinale) asal Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah diproses menjadi minyak melati menggunakan metode ekstraksi dengan pclarut heksan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah ekstraksi satu tahap, ekstraksi dua tahap, dan pencucian ampas, yang dilakukan pad a musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan ulangan 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi bunga melati gambir dengan cara esktraksi satu tahap adalah yang paling baik dengan rendemen absolute yang dihasilkan tertinggi (0,15-0,17%). Absolute yang dihasilkan pada musim kemarau lebih tinggi dibandingkan musim hujan, terbanyak diperoleh pada bulan September (0,19%) dengan mutu absolute lebih baik yang ditunjukkan dengan total komponen yang lebih tinggi. Absolute melati hasil ekstraksi memiliki indek bias 1,45-1,46; bilangan asam 9,60-11,80; bilangan ester 129,07-130,73 dengan komponen kimia utama adalah benzyl acetate (6,74-7,90%), benzyl benzoate 2,58- 4, II %), cis jasmone (8,49-9,53%), linalool (3,59-5,40%), methyl jasmonate (0,81-0,86%), serta beberapa senyawa lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk pemilihan proses ekstraksi bunga melati agar menghasilkan rendemen min yak yang tinggi . The effect of extraction method and season on the yield and quality of jasmine absoluteUtilization of jasmine flower was limited. Traditionally, the flower is used for ritual offerings, decoration and tea fragrance. Through extraction, jasmine flower could produce jasmine oil which was useful for perfume, soap, medicine, other fragrant product, and aromatherapy. Jasmine absolute for that purposes have been imported with high price. This research aimed at finding out the optimum extraction technology: higher yield and quality of absolute and maximum solvent recovery. Fresh flower of Jasminum officinale harvested at Purbalingga regency, Central Java, were extracted using hexane. Randomized Block Design was used as experimental design on the study and the treatments were: one stages of extraction, two stage of extraction, and leaching of the waste flower continued by extraction of fresh flower conducted at rainy and dry season. The results showed that, one stage of extraction was the best treatment. The highest yield of absolute was of 0.15-0.17%. The absolute yield produced in dry season were higher than that of rainy season and characterized by good quality due to higher total component. The refractive index was 1.45-1.46, acid number 9.60-11.80 ester number 129.07-130.73 the essential oil composition were benzyl acetate (6.74-7.90%), benzyl benzoate (2.58-4.11%), cis-jasmone (8.49-9.53%), methyl jasmonate (0.81-0.86%), linalool (3.59-5.40%). The result of this study could be used as an appropriate method for jasmine oil extraction.
Desain dan Kinerja Unit Perlakuan Uap Panas (VHT) Untuk Disinfestasi Lalat Buah pada Penanganan Pascapanen Mangga Rokhani Hasbullah; Agus Sutejo; Astu Unadi; Suparlan .
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 23 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.023.1.%p

Abstract

Formerly, chemical fumigation was used for disinfestation treatment, but now had been replaced bychemical-free disinfestations treatment such as vapor heat treatment (VHT). The objectives of this researchwere (1) to design the VHT Unit and testing its performances, and (2) to study the effect of the VHT methodand waxing on the fruit quality during storage of mango. The designs of VHT unit consist of water tank, filter,heater, water pump, differential pressure fan, atomizer, control panel and treatment chamber. Performanceof the unit showed that the temperature of the VHT chamber increased from ambient temperature of 30OCto setting point of 47OC in 70 minutes. Relative humidity of the VHT chamber was very high (more than90%) indicating the VHT unit was successful in being used for fruitfly disinfestations of fruit product. Usingsetting point of 46.5OC, the mango fruit core temperature reached temperature of 45.5-46.3OC in 130minutes. Mango ‘Gedong gincu’ were treated at 46.5OC for 10, 20, 30 minutes and control and then followedby waxing. The results showed that VHT of 10-30 minutes were not significantly affect the fruit quality.There were no significant changes in the fruit weight losses, hardness, color, soluble solid content, watercontent and vitamin C. VHT at 46.5OC for 20-30 minutes was effective to kill the fruitfly infested inside themangos and VHT followed by waxing was able to maintain mango quality during storage.Keywords : mango, fruit fly, heat quarantine treatment, vapor heat treatment (VHT)Diterima: 15 Januari 2008; Disetujui: 27 Agustus 2008
Uji Kinerja Unit Mesin Pasteurisasi Tipe Kontinyu untuk Pengolahan Sari Buah Sirsak Suparlan Suparlan; Uning Budiharti; Astu Unadi
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 8, No 1 (2019): MARET
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v8i1.10-19

Abstract

Soursop fruit is one of the horticultural products that are easily damaged after the maturation process. This fruit is generally consumed in the form of fresh ripe or juice. The quality of the fruit is also very diverse and at harvest time the amount is abundant so the selling price tend to be low. One alternative to increase the added value of soursop fruit which the quality is poor and to extend the shelf life can be done through processing into juice. This study aims to test the performance of continuous type pasteurizer unit which has been developed by the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Engineering research and Development (ICAERD) in the processing of soursop juice on a small scale industry. The pasteurizer unit consists of a mixer, pasturizer, holder, filler, and cup sealer. The process of soursop juice processing includes fruit bunching, skin peeling, burial, mixing and dilution of slurry, fruit juice pasturization, and packaging. The pasteurization process was done at 80 ºC for 5-10 minutes. The pasteurization temperature is achieved at pavor pressure on water heating tube of about 1.0-1,5 bar. Under these conditions the capacity of continuous type pasteurizer unit was 160 l/h. The resulting juice has a TPC content on days 0, 7, and 14 after storage was 4.8 x 102, 5.1 x 102, and 1.9 x 103 cfu/g, respectively. The heavy metal content of Cu and Pb were 0.63 and 0.29 ppm, respectively.Keywords: performance test, pasteurizer, continuous type, soursop juice processing, value added product.
Co-Authors Agus Sutejo nFN Setyadjit nFN Suyanti nFN Yulianingsih Rokhani Hasbullah Sulusi Prabawati Suparlan . Suparlan Suparlan Uning Budiharti