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All Journal JPT : JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN (JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION) JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Akta Agrosia
Fradilla Swandi
Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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The Potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) as Biocontrol Agent Against Stem Rot Diseases Caused Sclerotium rolfsii of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) Fradilla Swandi; Eri Sulyanti; Darnetty Darnetty; Reflin Reflin
JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 2 No 2 (2020): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jijcs.2.2.65-71.2020

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the biocontrol efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AM Fungi) against stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in peanut. The AM Fungi can be associated with almost all types of plants. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) as a potential biofungisida against Sclerotium rolfsii and can characterize the mechanism of the FMA in controlling S.rolfsii (salicylic acid) on peanut plants. The AM Fungi inoculant (40 spores g-1 in concentration) was introduced to peanut seedling (25 g plant-1 ) at planting time where as Sclerotium rolfsii inoculated 30 days after planting time. The experiment was arranged in the completely randomized design (CRD), which is 7 treatment sand repeated 10 times in the greenhouse experiment. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) using STAT program 8 and the Tukey test at 5% significance level. The AM Fungi treatments showed significantly redused the percentage of disease severity in infected peanut plants around 34.28% - 57.15% and longer incubation period, respectively. They increased root colonization (20,00 - 46.67%) with a middle to high category. The AM Fungi C isolate (isolated from Solok county), and the A isolate (isolated from Payakumbuh city) were the best as a biocontrol against S rolfsii (57.15%), followed by isolate D (isolated from Padang Pariaman county) 54,30 %. They also increased Salicylic acid content 1,4 times (70.72 ppm) compared to control (49,59 ppm). It can be concluded that the application of AM Fungi as a biocontrol agent played an important role in plant resistance and exhibit greater potential to protect peanut plants against S. rolfsii.
The Effectiveness of Ginger Rhizome Extract to Inhibit the Growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in Peanut In-vitro Syafitri Syafitri; Eri Sulyanti; Arneti Arneti; Fradilla Swandi
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 6 No 1 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Plant Protection Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.6.1.54-63.2022

Abstract

Sclerotium rolfsii is a fungus that causes stem rot disease in peanuts which causes losses of up to 59%. One technique of controlling the S. rolfsii is using a botanical fungicide, such as ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) rhizome extract. This study aimed to determine the proper concentration of ginger rhizome extract to control S.rolfsii, the causes of stem rot, and damping-off diseases in peanut in-vitro. This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications. The treatments were arranged in the concentration of 0, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% by in-vitro. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by an LSD of 5%. The results showed that ginger rhizome extract could suppress the growth of S. rolfsii, which causes stem rot disease in peanut plants. Ginger rhizome extract reduced the thickness of the colonies, suppressed colony expansion, reduced the wet and dry weight of the colonies, slowed the appearance of Sclerotia, and reduced the number of Sclerotia formed. The higher concentration, the higher the emphasis on S. rolfsii. Ginger rhizome extract at a concentration of 10% can inhibit colony growth by 81.63%, inhibit the formation of sclerotia by 100%, reduce the wet weight of the colony to 66.88% and the dry weight of the colony to 44.11% and inhibit the formation of Sclerotia reaching 100%.
Biological Control Stem Rot Diseases (Sclerotium Rolfsii) on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous Fradilla Swandi; Eri Sulyanti; Darnetty Darnetty
Akta Agrosia Vol 24, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/aa.24.1.25-31

Abstract

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are known to have potential as biological agents controlling plant pathogens. This study aims to obtain indigenous AMF isolates that can suppress the attack of Sclerotium rolfsii which causes stem rot disease in peanut. The method used is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments, namely A : AMF Glomus sp-3 + S. rolfsii; B: AMF Acaulospora sp + S. rolfsii; C: AMF Gigaspora sp + S. rolfsii; D: Combined AMF Glomus sp-3, Acaulospora sp, and Gigaspora sp + S. rolfsii; E: Without AMF + S. rolfsii (Control). Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using the Statistix 8 program and the Least Significance Different (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the isolates of Acaulospora sp and Gigaspora sp were able to increase the resistance of peanut plants to stem rot disease (suppressing the incidence and severity of the disease) reaching 100%. Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, indigenous, salicylic acid, Sclerotium rolfsii.
Co-Authors Arneti Arneti Darnetty Darnetty Darnetty Darnetty Reflin Reflin Sulyanti, Eri Syafitri Syafitri