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DRYING KINETICS OF OIL PALM FROND WASTE USING SIMPLE BATCH OVEN DRYER Halim, Abdul; Triwibowo, Bayu
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 5, No 1 (2016): June 2016 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v5i1.4151

Drying phenomena of oil palm frond waste as agriculture waste was observed using simple batch oven dryer. The operation temperatures were 50, 80 and 120 Â°C. The sample of oil palm frond was weighed periodically every 30 minutes. Moisture content, shrinkage phenomena and drying kinetic model were investigated to the difference operation temperature. Experimental result exhibited that temperature influent significantly to the drying rate. The water transport controlled by diffuse mechanism. Shrinkage occurred in radial direction and decreased the size to almost 65% from initial size. In longitudinal direction almost is not change of size. Â

STUDI PERBANDINGAN SIMULASI PROSES PEMBAKARAN BATUBARA DAN VINASSE METODE NON-PREMIX COMBUSTION MODEL Triwibowo, Bayu; Halim, Abdul; Rahmatika, Annie Mufyda
Konversi Vol 4, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v4i1.262

Abstrak-Vinasse merupakan limbah dari industri gula dengan debit yang sangat besar sehingga harus diolah dengan berbagai metode. Salah satu alternatif metode yang dapat digunakan adalah pembakaran. Pembakaran merupakan reaksi kimia yang memproduksi panas dan dapat digunakan sebagai suplai energi untuk proses selanjutnya. Berdasarkan analisis proksimat dan ultimat, vinasse memiliki karakteristik yang hampir sama dengan batubara setelah mengalami proses evaporasi. Penelitian ini mempelajari perbandingan dari karakteristik pembakaran antara batubara dan vinasse sebagai bahan bakar yang dilihat dari aspek distribusi temperatur, distribusi spesies, dan vektor kecepatan. Proses pembakaran dijalankan dengan metode computational fluid dynamics (CFD) khususnya model pembakaran non-premix. Geometri dari ruang bakar yang digunakan adalah 84 x 5,2 m dengan kualitas ortogonal mesh yang digunakan mendekati 1 dan bentuk cell segiempat 100 persen. Simulasi pembakaran dijalankan dengan geometri 2D (dua dimensi) dengan udara sebagai oksidator. Hasil dari simulasi menunjukkan bahwa vinasse memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif karena lebih cepat terbakar dibandingkan dengan batubara serta karakteristik lain yang sedikit berbeda.Â Kata kunci : pembakaran, vinasse, batubara, CFD, non-premixÂ Abstract-Vinasse as a sugarcane waste has large amount of debit that must be treated through various methods. One of the methods is combustion. Combustion is a chemical reaction that produced heat which is can be used as energy supply for further process. Vinasse according to proxymate and ultimate analysis has characteristic similar to coal after being evaporated. This paper is studied about the comparassion of combustion characteristic between vinasse and coal as a fuel in terms of temperature distribution, species distribution, and velocity vector. Combustion process conducted with computational fluid dynamics method especially non-premix combustion model. The geometry of furnace is 84 m x 5.2 m with the orthogonal quality of mesh is close to 1 and 100 percent of quad cells. The simulation of combustion process conducted in 2D (two dimensions) with air as oxydizer. The results of the simulation shows that vinasse were very potential to use as a fuel with quicker combustion compared to coal but with slightly different characteristic.Â Keywords : Combustion, vinasse, coal, CFD, non-premix

A Pilot Plant Study of Coal Dryer: Simulation and Experiment Abdul Halim; Afninda Aryuni Widyanti; Celvin Dicky Wahyudi; Fahimah Martak; Eka Luthfi Septiani
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.68745

High moisture content in low-range coal causes low calorific value. To increase the quality, drying by a coal dryer to minimize moisture content is proposed. Here, a case study of a cyclone-like conical tube coal dryer pilot plant was reported. Drying heating uses combustion heat generated from volatile matter combustion. This approach will solve the two problems simultaneously: decreasing moisture content and volatile matter. The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) approach is used to study fluid dynamics inside the coal dryer using ANSYS Fluent 2020R2 software. The CFD simulation results represent the phenomenon of coal drying inside the coal dryer validated by the pilot plant experimental result. The simulation was carried out in steady and unsteady conditions to understand the drying phenomena. The simulation firmly fits the experimental result, especially in an unsteady state system, indicating that the simulation result is promising for further coal dryer design. The optimal condition produces a high moisture content reduction of 86.37%, uniform fluid distribution, and significant volatile matter combustion

Fabrication of Cellulose Sponge: Effects of Drying Process and Cellulose Nanofiber Deposition on the Physical Strength Abdul Halim; Yinchao Xu; Toshiharu Enomae
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 20, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.51313

Cellulose sponge was fabricated by regenerating cellulose from a xanthate solution. The solution, which contained sodium phosphate particles as a template to create sponge porosity, was dried at 55, 65, 75 and 85 °C for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h. Mass transfer during the initial and last stages of drying was controlled in terms of temperature and concentration differences, respectively. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the mass transfer coefficient were -51,841.947 kJ mol-1 and 7.26×109 m-2 h-1, respectively. Regenerated cellulose contained a crystalline type of cellulose II, and the crystallinity was independent of drying conditions. At a low drying temperature (T≤55 °C) and short drying period (t≤2h), the cellulose was unregenerated. At higher temperatures and longer drying periods, no relationship between temperature and physical strength was observed. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was added to the xanthate solution at a ratio of 1:100 of CNF to linter cellulose for xanthation; however, this did not affect the physical strength of the cellulose sponge for both mechanically and chemically fabricated CNF.

Silk Fibroin/Soursop Seed Bio-Adsorbent for Crystal Violet and Copper Metal Ion Removal Lusi Ernawati; Ruri Agung Wahyuono; Abdul Halim; Nurul Widiastuti; Audi Sabrina; Kurnia Handayani
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.5.14

Groundwater highly contaminated with organic substances and heavy metal ions in the Kariangau Industrial Area, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan is indicated by the comparatively high COD. Therefore, the technology for treating wastewater to remove various toxins before releasing it into the environment needs to be advanced. Here, we present a green synthetic method of a composite adsorbent (SF/SS) using soursop seeds and silkworm cocoons. SEM, FTIR, and BET were used to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbent. Mechanistic investigation of the SF/SS adsorbent performance for the removal of Cu2+ metal ions and crystal violet (CV) was conducted, while taking into account variables affecting adsorption properties. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm adsorption models were used to fit the adsorption equilibrium, while pseudo-first and second-order models were used to assess the adsorption kinetics. The mesoporous SF/SS adsorbent exhibited the highest adsorption capacities of 78.6 and 69.2 mg‧g-1, respectively. The pseudo-first model showed the best fit for CV removal with a kinetic rate of 0.0634 min-1, while the Freundlich model exhibited the best fitting for both of CV and Cu2+ removal. The results showed that SF/SS can be applied as an efficient adsorbent for both of heavy metal and organic dye removal.

Dual System Curriculum in Chemical Engineering Education Abdul Halim
International Journal of Chemistry Education Research VOLUME 6, ISSUE 2, OCTOBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcer.vol6.iss2.art3

Higher education for chemical engineering is required to fulfill several aspects of the required skill and knowledge requested by stakeholders, including professional societies, company partners, accreditation boards, and national standards. Ministry of education of Indonesia under Makarim administration also mandated more liberal practice in Indonesian higher education as jargoned as "Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM)" means "freedom to learn, freedom campus". These several aspects, combined with the current COVID-19 pandemic, bring a massive problem in the curriculum. Herein, we discuss and propose a dual system curriculum to accommodate the government standard's requirement, minimize the gap between education and industry, and the professional association. The initial implementation in two universities is observed and the challenges, future direction and lesson learned are discussed. We expect the curriculum gives the student experience learning in the classroom and a live laboratory in conjunction with MBKM's spirit.

Subcritical Water Process for Reducing Sugar Production from Biomass: Optimization and Kinetics Maktum Muharja; Arief Widjaja; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Nur Fadhilah; Bramantyo Airlangga; Abdul Halim; Siska Nuri Fadilah; I Made Arimbawa
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 4 Year 2022 (December 2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.4.16527.839-849

The competitive reactions of lignocellulose hydrolysis and monosaccharide degradation in the subcritical water (SCW) hydrolysis of coconut husk were investigated to optimize the reducing sugar yield. Optimization analysis was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) and kinetics studies. Parameters of process optimization were varied at 130-170 °C for 15-45 min. The reducing sugars were measured using the Dinitro salicylic acid method. The sugar yield increased when the temperature increased from 130 °C to 170 °C. The highest reduction sugar yield of 4.946 g/L was obtained at 183.6 °C for 4.8 min and 23.4 liquid/solid ratio (LSR). Kinetics studies were carried out at temperature variations of 150, 170, and 190 °C and pressures of 60, 80, and 100 bar for 5 to 60 min. The yield of reducing sugar decreased with increasing temperature. The kinetic model 2B is the best method to explain the competitive reaction kinetics of coconut husk hydrolysis. This research is an innovation to increase the reducing sugar to make the process more commercially viable. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Fish-scale inspired superoleophobic membrane from cellulose: A Review Abdul Halim; Maya Ismayati; Azmi Alvian Gabriel; Surya Iryana Ihsanpuro; Nabil Septian Medy; Maktum Muharja; Toshiharu Enomae
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan (January-June, 2023 )
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v18i1.26920

Nature-inspired technology has been investigated widely. Anti biofouling properties of fish scale has inpired to improve membrane performance. Biofouling affects an oil-water separation membrane. The bacterial, coagulant, and hydrophobic oils attach to the membrane surface, demanding periodic cleaning. To overcome the problems, surface modification materials are introduced namely superoleophobic surface. The superoleophobic surface promises antifouling, high flux, and high separation efficiency. Superoleophobic surfaces are inspired by the scales on fish that form a hydrogel-like layer on their surface. The hydrogel repels oil and any organic materials, keeping the surface clean. The hydrogel of fish scales can be mimicked by cellulose-based materials. A dense layer of hydroxyl groups absorbs a lot of water and forms a hydrogel bond. The membrane with the cellulose hydrogel-like structure will perform a superoleophobic characteristic surface. The characteristic can be utilized as a functional membrane for oil-water separation. This article reviews the principle, mechanism, current development, and future challenges of bioinspired superoleophobic surfaces from cellulose-based materials for membrane applications.

Simulasi Pemurnian Biogas Secara Absorpsi Menggunakan Software DWSIM Surya Iryana Ihsanpuro; Kukuh Arief Ramadhan; Azmi Alvian Gabriel; Abdul Halim
JURNAL VOKASI TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI (JVTI) Vol 5, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Vokasi, Teknologi, dan Industri (JVTI)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sains Bandung

Prospek biogas kedepannya dapat menjadi inovasi energi alternatif namun, biogas memiliki kandungan karbon dioksida cukup tinggi mencapai 46,8% yang dapat mempengaruhi pembakaran biogas sehingga, perlu dilakukan pemurnian. Pemurnian dapat menggunakan metode absorpsi. Validasi efektivitas absorpsi menggunakan simulasi agar dapat menghemat biaya dan mempersingkat waktu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses absorpsi CO2 dan mengetahui kondisi optimum kolom absorpsi CO2 pada biogas secara simulasi dengan menggunakan software DWSIM. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kenaikan suhue dari 100-220 °C, kenaikan tekanan dari 101,3-1001,84 kPa, kenaikan konsentrasi DEA dari 10%-50% dan kenaikan tekanan kolom absorpsi dari 1-10 atm akan meningkatkan laju absorpsi gas karbon dioksida pada biogas sehingga metana yang didapatkan sebesar 76,8%. Kemudian, dilakukan validasi dengan software hysys untuk membandingkan hasil simulasi menggunakan DWSIM sebesar 86,9%. Hasil persentase output keduanya lebih dari 75% dengan perlakuan yang sama. Artinyam dengan menggunakan kedua software dapat menjawab lebih dari 75% data simulasi secara tepat.

Subcritical Water Process for Reducing Sugar Production from Biomass: Optimization and Kinetics Maktum Muharja; Arief Widjaja; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Nur Fadhilah; Bramantyo Airlangga; Abdul Halim; Siska Nuri Fadilah; I Made Arimbawa
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 4 Year 2022 (December 2022)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.4.16527.839-849

The competitive reactions of lignocellulose hydrolysis and monosaccharide degradation in the subcritical water (SCW) hydrolysis of coconut husk were investigated to optimize the reducing sugar yield. Optimization analysis was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) and kinetics studies. Parameters of process optimization were varied at 130-170 °C for 15-45 min. The reducing sugars were measured using the Dinitro salicylic acid method. The sugar yield increased when the temperature increased from 130 °C to 170 °C. The highest reduction sugar yield of 4.946 g/L was obtained at 183.6 °C for 4.8 min and 23.4 liquid/solid ratio (LSR). Kinetics studies were carried out at temperature variations of 150, 170, and 190 °C and pressures of 60, 80, and 100 bar for 5 to 60 min. The yield of reducing sugar decreased with increasing temperature. The kinetic model 2B is the best method to explain the competitive reaction kinetics of coconut husk hydrolysis. This research is an innovation to increase the reducing sugar to make the process more commercially viable. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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