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All Journal Reaktor Jurnal Teknik ITS IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Sewagati Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Winardi, Sugeng
Departemen Teknik Kimia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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The Effect of Water Contents to Diesel Fuel-Water Emulsion Fuel Stability Suryadi, Joko; Winardi, Sugeng; Nurtono, Tantular
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 30, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : IPTEK, LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (725.949 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j20882033.v30i2.4997

Abstract

The declining world oil and gas reserves along with increasing gas emissions from fossil fuel consumption has received serious attention as an urgent problem worldwide. The alternative solution to the problem uses emulsified fuel which is expected to provide better combustion efficiency and will contribute to emission reductions, such as NOx and particulate matter (PM). The one of most important factor in emulsion fuel is its stability. In this work, the effect of water contents to stability of diesel-water emulsion fuels has been investigated. The stability of emulsion fuel related to coalescence and sedimentation formation. The diesel fuel-water emulsification process was carried out in a standard stirred tank consisting of a cylinder tank (93 mm in diameter) and Rushton disk turbine (40 mm in diameter). Materials used consist of diesel oil (Pertamina DEX), demineralized water, surfactants (Lecithin, Triton X-100 and Tween 80). The surfactant used is a mixture of Lecithin - Triton X-100 (76.6%: 23.4%) and Lecithin - Tween 80 (45.5%: 54.5%) at 1% total volume of emulsion. The impeller set in constant speed at 1900 rpm. To reduce emulsification energy consumption, water is added gradually into the tank at 2 mL/min of flowrate. Water content varies at 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% by total volume of emulsion. Physical properties of emulsion fuel such as viscosity and density at room temperature were investigated periodically. The characterization of emulsion fuel stability was measured by slope value of absorbance ratio at wavelength 450 nm and 850 nm. Sediment formation was periodically by visual observation as emulsion phase percentage. Emulsion droplet size was measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) method. Physical properties of emulsions such as density and viscosity tend to constant value in order of time. Emulsion fuel with 5% water content has the largest volume of emulsion phase in the rest of time, 83 % for L-T emulsion fuel and 95% for L-Tx. The lowest slope value shown by 5% emulsion fuel water content, -8.657×10-5 for 5% L-T emulsion fuel and -2,084 × 10-4 for 5% L-Tx emulsion fuel. Droplet size measurement of emulsion shown that different amount of added water caused the different droplet size of emulsion.
Comparison of several models to assess the effect of micromixing phenomena on the yield of complex chemical reactions in stirred tank Ali Altway; Sugeng Winardi; M Rachimoellah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2004.3.2.3

Abstract

The effect of micromixing phenomena on the course of chemical reactions occuring in continuous stirred tank reactor was very important especially for fast reactions case. Previous workers have analyzed the effect using several models. The aim of this work is to make comparative study of several models to asses the effect of micro mixing phenomena on the course of two competitive fast parallel chemical reactions carried out in continuous stirred tank reactors. The reaction system investigated was the same as that studied by Baldyga (2001), neutralization of sodium hydroxide and hydrolysis of ethyl chloroacetate. Two closure approaches based on CFD available in FLUENT, Generalized Finite Rate Formulation (GFRF) and Probability Density Function (PDF), and a mechanistic model, Packet Diffusion Model, have been compared in assessing the effect of turbulent mixing on the yield of reaction. Baldyga's experimental data have been used to validate the computational results. The study concludes that a simple mechanistic model, Packet Diffusion Model, can predict fairly well (comparable in accuracy to the more sophisticated model such as PDF and GFRF model) the effect of micromixing phenomena on the course of parallel competitive chemical reactions in the continuous stirred tank reactor.Key Words : Micromixing, Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor, C.FD, PDM, GFRF, PDFAbstrakPengaruh fenomena micromixing terhadap berlangsungnya reaksi kimia yang terjadi di dalam reaktor kimia tangki berpengaduk menjadi sangat penting terutama untuk kasus reaksi-reaksi cepat. Beberapa penelitian terdahulu telah menganalisa secara teoritis pengaruh fenomena ini terhadap kinerja reaktor tangki teraduk menggunakan beberapa model. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan beberapa model untuk menganalisa pengaruh fenomena micromixing pada jalannya dua reaksi paralel kompetitif cepat yang terjadi di dalam reaktor alir tangki teraduk menggunakan beberapa model. Sistem reaktor yang diselidiki adalah sama dengan yang dipelajari Baldyga (2001), yaitu reaksi netralisasi sodium hidroksida dan hidrolisa ethyl chloroacetat. Dua pendekatan closure berbasis CFD yang tersedia pada FLUENT, yaitu Generalized Finite Rate Formulation (GFRF) dan Probability Density Function (PDF), dan suatu model mekanistik, yaitu Packet Diffusion Model, telah dibandingkan dalam menganalisa pengaruh pencampuran turbulen pada yield reaksi. Data eksperimen Baldyga telah digunakan untuk mengvalidasi hasil-hasil perhitungan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model mekanistik yang sederhana, yaitu Packet Diffusion Model, dapat memprediksi cukup baik, sebanding dari segi ketelitiannya dengan model berbasis CFD yang lebih rumit, pengaruh fenomena micromixing terhadap jalannya dua reaksi paralel kompetitif di dalam reaktor tangki teraduk.Kata Kunci : Micromixing, Reaktor Alir Tangki Teraduk, CFD, PDM, GFRF, PDF
Simulasi pengaruh pencampuran pada reaksi parallel dalam reaktor alir tangki berpengaduk Ling Ling; Ali Altway; Sugeng Winardi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2004.3.1.7

Abstract

The performance of continuousstirred tank reactor was affected by both macrommng and micromixing phenomena. The effect of micromixing becomes very importantfor fast chemical rections occuring in the reactor. However, there is not enough information about the effect on the reactor performance. Previous workers have analyzed the effect of micromixing phenomena using several models. However these models can not simulate the effect of some geometries aspects of the continuous stirred tank reactor such as feed and outflow position. There for the aim of this work is to study theoretically the effect of reactor geometry on the course of two competitive fast parallel chemical reactions. The liquid height in the tank equal with the diameter. The reaction system investigated was the same as that studied by Baldyga (2001), neutralization of sodium hydroxide and hydrolysis oh ethyl chloroacetate. This work studied the effect of impeller rotation speed, mean residence time, the position of inlet  and outlet pipe, and the impeller type. The simulation was carried out using Generalized Finite Rate Formulation (GFRF) for reactive hydrodynamic system, Standard turbulent model Probability Density Function (PDF), and a mechanistic model, Packet Diffusion Model, and MRF approach to handle impeller problem. CFD commercial code FLUENT 6.0 has been used to do the simulation work. The simulation results showed that the reaction yield was affected in complicated manner by several factors such as: energy dissipation rate, pipe inlet and outlet, flow pattern, reaction zone and mean residence time. Keywords: Micromixing, Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor, CFD, Competitive Parallel Reactions AbstrakKinerja reaktor kimia tangki berpengaduk dipengaruhi baik oleh fenomena macromixing maupun micromixing. Pengaruh fenomena micromixing menjadi sangat penting untuk reaksi-reaksi cepat yang terjadi di dalam reaktor. Belum banyak informasi yang tersedia mengenai pengaruh fenomena micromixing terhadap kinerja reaktor. Beberapa penelitian terdahulu telah menganalisa secara teoritis pengaruh fenomena ini terhadap kinerja reaktor tangki teraduk dengan menggunakan beberapa model. Model - model ini belum dapat melibatkan pengaruh beberapa aspek geometri, seperti posisi aliran umpan dan posisi aliran keluar, terhadap kinerja reaktor tangki teraduk yang dioprasikan secara kontinyu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh geometri reaktor terhadap distribusi dan konversi produk dari reaksi parallel melalui teknik simulasi. Sistem yang digunakan adalah  tangki silindris berdasar datar yang dilengkapi dengan 4 buah bajjle dengan ukuran T (diameter tangki) = 0,3 m dan H (tinggi cairan) = T. Reaksi parallel kompetitif yang dipelajari adalah reaksifase cair antara asam klorida dengan natrium hidroksida dan reaksi antara elit kloroasetat dengan natrium hidroksida. Reaksi pertama jauh lebih cepat dari reaksi kedua. Sedangkan variabel percobaan yang dipelajari meliputi kecepatan putar impeller, waktu tinggal, letak masukan reaktor, letak keluaran reaktor danjenis impeller. Simulasi modeljisik yang terlibat adalah model umum formula reaksi kimia dan model aliran turbulen k-0 standar. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa selektivitas reaksi dipengaruhi secara kompleks oleh beberapa faktor yaitu energi dissipasi, posisi masukan dan keluaran rekator, pola aliran, luas daerah reaksi serta lamanya waktu tinggal. Kata Kunci: Micromixing, Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk, CFD, dan Reaksi Parallel KompetitifTheperformanceofcontinuousstirredtankreactorwasaffectedbybothmacrommngandmicromixingphenomena.Theeffectofmicromixingbecomesveryimportantforfastchemicalrections occuringinthereactor.However,thereisnotenoughinformationabouttheeffectonthereactor performance.Previousworkershaveanalyzedtheeffectofmicromixingphenomenausingseveralmodels.Howeverthesemodelscannotsimulatetheeffectofsomegeometriesaspectsofthecontinuousstirredtankreactorsuchasfeedandoutflowposition.Therefortheaimofthisworkistostudytheoreticallytheeffectofreactorgeometryonthecourseoftwocompetitivefastparallelchemicalreactions.Theliquidheightinthetankequalwiththediameter.ThereactionsysteminvestigatedwasthesameasthatstudiedbyBaldyga(2001),neutralizationofsodiumhydroxide andhydrolysisohethylchloroacetate.Thisworkstudiedtheeffectofimpellerrotationspeed,meanresidencetime,thepositionof inlet  andoutletpipe,andtheimpellertype.ThesimulationwascarriedoutusingGeneralized FiniteRateFormulation(GFRF)forreactivehydrodynamicsystem,.... StandardturbulentmodelProbabilityDensityFunction(PDF),andamechanisticmodel,PacketDiffusion Model,andMRFapproachtohandleimpellerproblem.CFDcommercialcodeFLUENT6.0hasbeenusedtodothesimulationwork.Thesimulationresultsshowedthatthereactionyieldwasaffectedincomplicatedmannerbyseveralfactorssuchas:energydissipationrate,pipeinletandoutlet,flowpattern,reactionzoneandmeanresidencetime. Keywords:Micromixing,ContinuousStirredTankReactor,CFD,CompetitiveParallelReactions
Studi Analisa Ekonomi Pabrik CPO (Crude Palm Oil) dan PKO (Palm Kernel Oil) Dari Buah Kelapa Sawit Novia Larasati; Siti Chasanah; Siti Machmudah; Sugeng Winardi
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 5, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (424.225 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v5i2.16851

Abstract

Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditi utama yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Industri pengolahannya memberikan kontribusi yang penting dalam menghasilkan devisa dan lapangan pekerjaan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan minyak kelapa sawit  merupakan industri hulu yang sangat penting bagi berbagai industri lainnya, seperti: makanan, kosmetik, sabun dan cat. Bahkan akhir-akhir ini ada upaya penggunaan minyak kelapa sawit sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bahan bakar alternatif. Kondisi ini memacu perkembangan industri pengolahan kelapa sawit, baik kebutuhan dalam negeri maupun ekspor. Dan perkembangan industri sejalan dengan semakin meningkatnya luas areal perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kapasitas produksi kelapa sawit direncanakan sebesar 237.600 Ton/tahun. Perencanaan ini berdasarkan jumlah lahan yang dimiliki oleh pabrik. Dalam pemenuhan kapasitas tahunan, pabrik akan beroperasi kontinyu 24 jam per hari selama 330 hari Untuk memproduksi CPO sebesar 89.742 ton/tahun diperlukan bahan baku TBS 237.600 ton/tahun, CO2 199 ton/tahun dan propan 9 ton/tahun. Selain CPO, pabrik ini juga menghasilkan produk berupa Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) yang dihasilkan sebanyak 9.338 ton/tahun. Dari perhitungan analisa ekonomi, dengan harga jual CPO sebesar $562 per ton dan harga PKO sebesar $810 diperoleh Internal Rate Return (IRR) sebesar 45%. Dengan IRR tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa pabrik layak untuk didirikan dengan suku bunga 12% dan waktu pengembalian modal (pay out period) selama 2,6 tahun. Perhitungan analisa ekonomi didasarkan pada discounted cash flow. Modal untuk pendirian pabrik menggunakan rasio 60% modal sendiri dan 40% modal pinjaman. Modal total yang dibutuhkan untuk mendirikan pabrik adalah sebesar Rp. 211.001.470.206 dan laba bersih yaitu sebesar Rp. 112.838.149.952. Sedangkan Break Event Point (BEP) yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 36,53%.
The Effect of Solid Rate on Cyclones Pressure Drop and Erosion Rate at Coal Boiler Plant Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Brario Anindito; Tantular Nurtono; Sugeng Winardi
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 8, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (861.936 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v8i2.49810

Abstract

Gas-solid separation systems with turbulent swirl flow that occur inside the cyclone will cause pressure drop and erosion on the cyclone wall. Both of these can cause a decrease in performance and increase maintenance costs for cyclones. CFD simulation is carried out on the actual cyclone dimensions used in the coal boiler industry. It was performed using the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) for turbulent flow in the gas phase and Oka erosion model for its erosion model. The inlet velocity is fixed 6 m/s with variations in the solid rate ranged from 30 to 40 kg/s. This study will analyze the pressure drop and erosion rate on the cyclone walls in various solid rate variations. The simulation results show that the higher the solid rate with the same speed will reduce the pressure drop by 4% and at selected local area, increase the erosion rate on the cyclone wall by about 19%
Electrospraying Micronization of Phytochemical Compounds Extract from Eucheuma Cottonii Dwi Setyorini; Siti Machmudah; Sugeng Winardi; Kusdianto Kusdianto; Wahyudiono Wahyudiono; Hideki Kanda; Motonobu Goto
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 8, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1071.373 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v8i2.49726

Abstract

A side from being a raw material for agar, Eucheuma cottonii algae have many other benefits because they contain various phytochemical compounds. The phytochemical compounds in Eucheuma cottonii have many benefits in the industrial and pharmaceutical fields. A method to get phytochemical compounds is through the extraction process. In the traditional method, the extraction is using organic solvents that dangerous to the environment. Therefore, this study used an environmentally friendly hydrothermal extraction method. Extraction was carried out at 160oC and a pressure of 7 MPa. The extraction results were then micronized using electrospraying. The electrospraying process was carried out with precursor solution concentration of 4 and 6% w/v, the applied voltage of 12, 14 and 16 kV, and the distance between tip and collector of 6.8 and 10 cm. The particles produced was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA), and antioxidant efficiency (AE) analysis. The morphological form of particles were spheres with a diameter below 3 μm. The largest AE value was 0.1818 obtained at operating conditions of 6% precursor solution, 10 cm tip distance, 16 kV applied voltage. The Operating conditions did not affect the TGA results.
KINETIKA REAKSI SINTHESIS BIOMATERIAL HIDROXYAPATITE DENGAN JENIS PREKURSOR NITRAT DAN ASETAT Adhi Setiawan; W Widiyastuti; Sugeng Winardi; Agung Nugroho
Reaktor Volume 15, No.2, OKTOBER 2014
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (950.596 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.15.2.104-110

Abstract

Hidroxyapatite (HAp) merupakan salah satu biomaterial yang banyak diaplikasikan dalam dunia medis untuk membuat implant jaringan tubuh terutama tulang dan gigi sehingga kemurnian produk HAp memegang peranan yang cukup penting. Agar diperoleh HAp dengan kemurnian tinggi, kinetika reaksi pembentukan HAp harus diketahui secara jelas. Metode yang digunakan untuk memperoleh kinetika reaksi HAp adalah dengan analisis TG-DTA  yang dilakukan pada dua jenis prekursor HAp yaitu asetat dan nitrat. Metode TG-DTA tersebut dilakukan dengan memanaskan prekursor HAp dengan variasi laju pemanasan 10, 15, 17, dan 20 oC/menit. Hasil analisis TG-DTA menunjukkan bahwa reaksi dekomposisi prekursor asetat dan nitrat membentuk HAp masing-masing terjadi pada suhu 659 oC dan 560 oC. Hasil fitting parameter kinetika menunjukkan bahwa energi aktivasi pembentukan HAp pada prekursor asetat sebesar 161,56 kJ/mol  dengan model kinetika Normal Grain Growth sedangkan pada prekursor nitrat sebesar 374 kJ/mol dengan model kinetika Johnson-Mehl-Avrami. Kata kunci: Biomaterial, hidroxypapatite, Dekomposisi, Energi Aktivasi ABSTRACT KINETIC STUDY OF THE BIOMATERIAS HIDOXYAPATITE SINTHESIS WITH PRECURSOR NITRATE AND  ACETATE. Hidroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the biomaterials widely applied in the medical world to make implant tissues of the body, especially bones and teeth so that the purity of the HAp plays a fairly important. In order to obtain high purity HAp, reaction kinetics should be known clearly. TG-DTA  is method used to obtain the reaction kinetics of HAp.TG-DTA analyzes were conducted on precursors acetate and nitrate. TG-DTA method is carried out by heating HAp precursor with variation heating rate 10, 15, 17, and 20° C/min respectively. The results of TG-DTA  showed decomposition precursor acetate and nitrate formed HAp occurs on temperature 659° C and 560° C respectively. The results of the fitting kinetic showed activation energy of  the HAp formation on acetate precursors about 161.56 kJ/mol with Normal Grain Growth kinetic model whereas the nitrate precursor about 374 kJ/mol with Johnson-Mehl-Avrami  kinetic model.
SINTESIS BIOMATERIAL HYDROXYAPATITE DENGAN PROSES FLAME SPRAY PYROLYSIS DISERTAI PENAMBAHAN ADITIF ORGANIK Adhi Setiawan; W Widiyastuti; Sugeng Winardi; Agung Nugroho
Reaktor Volume 16 No.4 Desember 2016
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (847.85 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.16.4.189-198

Abstract

SYNTHESIS OF HYDROXYAPATITE BIOMATERIALS BY FLAME SPRAY PYROLYSIS PROCESS WITH ADDITION OF ORGANIC ADDITIVES. Hydroxyapatite is  biomaterial which is widely used for biomedical aplication such as implant because  biocompatible, bioactivity, and strong affinity to biopolymers. Therefore parameters of morphology and crystallinity becomes an important parameter to be controlled. The addition of the organic additive on HAp precursor with ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400, and urea is the alternative to improve the size, morphology, and crystallinity of HAp particles. The equipment for flame spray pyrolysis process includes ultrasonic nebulizer, flame reactor, and eletrostatic precipitator. The amount of organic additives used in experiment is  30%, 50%, and 100% by mass of the precursor. The result of SEM and XRD showed HAp synthesized by the addition of additive material has a smaller size than without using the additive and crystallinity is better than no additive. In addition HAp synthesized by the addition of 30% PEG additive have smallest average particle size about 114 nm, crystalite size about 16,6 nm and spherical morphology with a low agglomeration. Keywords: Hidroxyapatite, organic additives, flame spray pyrolysis, morfology  Abstrak Hydroxyapatite merupakan biomaterial yang seringkali diaplikasikan dalam biomedis sebagai bahan implant karena sifatnya yang biocompatible, bioactivity, dan memiliki afinitas yang kuat terhadap biopolimer. Oleh karena itu parameter morfologi serta kristalinitas partikel menjadi parameter penting untuk dikontrol. Penambahan aditif organik pada prekursor HAp dengan etilen glikol, polietilen glikol 400, serta urea merupakan alternativ agar memperbaiki ukuran, morfologi, serta meningkatkan kristalinitas partikel HAp. Peralatan utama flame spray pyrolysis meliputi ultrasonic nebulizer, reaktor flame, dan eletrostatik precipitator. Jumlah aditif organik yang digunakan pada eksperimen antara lain 30%, 50%, dan 100% massa prekursor. Hasil SEM dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa HAp yang disintesis dengan penambahan bahan aditif memiliki ukuran lebih kecil daripada tanpa menggunakan aditif dan tingkat kristalinitasnya lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa aditif. Selain itu HAp yang disintesis dengan penambahan aditif PEG sebanyak 30% memiliki ukuran rata-rata partikel yang terkecil yaitu sebesar 114 nm dengan ukuran kristal mencapai 16,6 nm serta memiliki morfologi bulat dengan tingkat aglomerasi yang rendah.
The Effect of Furnace Temperature and Precursor Concentration Ratio to The Characteristics of Nanocomposite ZnO-Silica Iva Maula; Widiyastuti Widiyastuti; Tantular Nurtono; Fadlilatul Taufany; Siti Machmudah; Sugeng Winardi
IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series Vol 1, No 1 (2014): International Seminar on Applied Technology, Science, and Arts (APTECS) 2013
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23546026.y2014i1.323

Abstract

Zinc Oxide is a semiconductor with relatively non-toxic, cheap and abundant properties which can be applied to LEDs. ZnO colloids are unstable due to further chemical reactions and coagulation so the addition of silica is needed to inhibit the growth of ZnO. ZnO was synthesized using sol-gel method by hydrolyze zinc acetate dihydrate in ethanol solution. Silica colloids was prepared by dissolving waterglass in distilled water at a temperature of 60 °C then passed into cation resin that has been activated using 2N HCl for ion exchange with Na+ to H+. In this study, the spray drying method was used to produce ZnO-silica nanocomposite. Morphological characterization of particles formed was analyzed using Scanning Electrostatic Microscope (SEM) (Zeiss Evo MA LS, Cambridge, England). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) (Cu-Kα 1.54 A0, 40 kV, 30 mA, X’pert Pro, PAN alytical, Netherlands) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) (Therniscientific Nicolet iS10, US) were used to analyze the crystallinity and group functionalization, respectively. The results show that more particles are formed on 10% concentration volume of ZnO colloids rather than 5%.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Clearance Effect in High Solid Loading Polydisperse Solid-Liquid Mixing Iman Mukhaimin; Tantular Nurtono; Sugeng Winardi
IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series No 2 (2017): The 2nd Internasional Seminar on Science and Technology (ISST) 2016
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (859.058 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23546026.y2017i2.2341

Abstract

A high solid loading concentration of solid-liquid mixing was investigated to observe the effect of ratio C, Clearance, and T, diameter tank, with C/T 0.33; C/T 0.25 and C/T 0.17 on local volume of hydrodynamic and spatial distribution of polydisperse solid suspension using CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics. The 45o pitch blade turbine, diameter 0.5T, with down pumping flow simulation was used to remove solid particle from bottom of the tank. The tank is also equipped with four baffle with the size of 0.1T.. A solid-liquid mixing consists of five fractions of glass beads with equal proportion (X1=X2=X3=X4=X5=0.2X) have 40% wt total solid concentration with liquid fraction is aqueous solution of NaCl. The effect of ratio C/T at impeller speed 612 rpm create a flow pattern in the tank different. Effect ratio C / T also indicated the distribution on solid had a good uniformity index when N≥ Njs, just suspended speed. The highest uniformity was obtained on C/T 0.17. it also made difference power consumption on each geometry with C/T 0.17, 0.25, and 0.33 respectively are 251.18, 238.13, and 270.65watt.
Co-Authors Abdul Halim Abdul Halim Abdul Halim Achmad Roesyadi Adhi Setiawan Agung Nugroho Agung Nugroho Ali Altway Brario Anindito Dwi Setyorini Dwi Setyorini Fadlilatul Taufany Heru Setyawan Hideki Kanda Hideki Kanda Hideki Kanda Iva Maula Kristianto, Fesa Putra Kusdianto Kusdianto Lailatul Qadariyah Ling Ling Luthfia H. Abdillah M Rachimoellah Mochammad Agung Indra Iswara Mochammad Agung Indra Iswara Motonobu Goto Motonobu Goto Motonobu Goto Mukhaimin, Iman Nadiem Anwar Novia Larasati Nurkhamidah, Siti Siti Chasanah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Zullaikah Sjarief Widjaja Sumarno Sumarno Suryadi, Joko Tantular Nurtono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Widiyastuti Widiyastuti Widiyastuti Widiyastuti Widiyastuti Widiyastuti Widiyastuti Yeni Rahmawati, Yeni Yukh Ihsana