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PENINGKATAN NILAI EKONOMI KOPI REMPAH MELALUI MANAJEMEN KADERISASI PETANI KOPI PEREMPUAN DI DESA TANAH WULAN, KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Amini, Helda Wika; Savitri, Dyah Ayu; Al Fajri, M. Maktum Muharja
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 5, No 4 (2021): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (31.837 KB) | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v5i4.4866

Abstract

Abstrak: Kopi merupakan komoditas andalan perkebunan di Indonesia, utamanya bagi Kabupaten Bondowoso, Jawa Timur. Salah satu pemasok kopi utama di Bondowoso adalah Desa Tanah Wulan, Kecamatan Maesan dimana mata pencaharian utama penduduknya adalah sebagai petani. Mayoritas perempuan berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga sehingga mempunyai banyak waktu luang untuk memproduksi kopi mentah menjadi kopi olahan, sehingga hal ini menjadi obyek pendampingan bagi tim pengabdian untuk melakukan pelatihan pengolahan kopi rempah (KORE) pada tahun 2019. Namun dampak pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan pengolahan kopi rempah masih belum maksimal, sehingga sejak tahun 2020 hingga kini Tim Pengabdian berinisiatif melakukan strategi pengurusan sertifikasi industri rumah tangga melalui Produk Industri Rumah Tangga (PIRT) dan mendampingi dalam manajemen kaderisasi perempuan di desa Tanah Wulan.Solusi yang ditawarkan pada kegiatan ini berupa pemberdayaan perempuan melalui manajemen kaderisasi perempuan di Desa Tanah Wulan. Manajemen kaderisasi berguna untuk menciptakan orang-orang yang akan berperan penting dalam kegiatan produksi hingga pemasaran produk KORE sehingga produk KORE mampu berjalan secara berkelanjutan. Kegiatan inti program ini adalah pengurusan PIRT produk KORE dan pendampingan perempuan di desa Tanah Wulan melalui manajemen kaderisasi. Peningkatan nilai ekonomi kopi rempah melalui pengurusan PIRT dan manajemen kaderisasi petani perempuan Desa Tanah Wulan memberikan peluang yang menjanjikan. Selama pelaksanaan program, perempuan petani kopi menunjukkan antusiasme yang tinggi dalam membentuk kader dan melaksanakan usaha KORE yang berkelanjutan.  Abstract:  Coffee is a plantation commodity in Indonesia, especially for Bondowoso Regency, East Java. One of the main coffee suppliers in Bondowoso is Tanah Wulan Village, Maesan District where the main livelihood of the residents is as a farmer. Women work as housewives so they have a lot of free time to produce raw coffee into processed coffee, so this has become an object of assistance for the team to conduct spice coffee processing (KORE) training in 2019. However, the impact of the implementation of the spice coffee processing training is still not maximum, so that since 2020 until now the Team has taken the initiative to carry out a strategy for managing home industry certification through Home Industry Products (PIRT) and assisting in the management of women's regeneration in Tanah Wulan village.The solution offered in this activity is in the form of empowering women through the management of women's regeneration in Tanah Wulan Village. The regeneration management is useful for creating people who will play an important role in production activities to market KORE products so that KORE products can run sustainably. The core activities of this program are the management of KORE product PIRT and women's assistance in Tanah Wulan village through cadre management. The economic value of spiced coffee through improving the management of PIRT and the management of the regeneration of women farmers in Tanah Wulan Village provides the promised opportunities. During program implementation, female coffee farmers showed high enthusiasm in forming cadres and implementing sustainable KORE businesses.
SIMULASI KENAIKAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI GULA PADA PROSES KARBONATASI DI PT. INDUSTRI GULA GLENMORE MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT LUNAK ASPEN PLUS Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Widjaja, Arief; Firmansyah, Arfian Alwi; Karima, Nur
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol 11, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v11i1.39521

Abstract

PT. Industri Gula Glenmore (PT. IGG) merupakan salah satu industri gula di Indonesia yang menggunakan metode defekasi remelt karbonatasi (DRK) pada proses pemurnian nira. Dalam beberapa tahun kedepan, PT. IGG berencana menaikkan kapasitas produksi sebesar 8.000 ton/hari dari kapasitas semula sebesar 6.000 ton/hari. Oleh karena itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan peningkatan produksi gula dari 6.000 menjadi 8.000 ton/hari dengan menganalisis neraca massa dan neraca energi dan mensimulasikannya menggunakan software Aspen Plus V11. Proses yang disimulasikan dalam studi ini berfokus pada kinerja karbonator. Hasil perhitungan kapasitas 6.000 ton/hari menunjukkan massa keluar dan energi yang dibutuhkan (∆H) pada karbonator 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 72.766,20 kg/jam dan -1.828,32 kkal/jam. Sedangkan pada kapasitas 8.000 ton/hari, massa keluar dan energi yang dibutuhkan pada karbonator 2 secara berturut-turut adalah 97.015,61 kg/jam dan -2.441,30 kkal/jam. Simulasi menggunakan Aspen Plus menunjukkan hasil dengan selisih perbedaan yang dapat ditoleransi dibandingkan dengan perhitungan neraca massa dan energi. Dari studi ini, simulasi peningkatan produksi gula akan berguna untuk mempermudah proses desain karbonator pada kenaikan kapasitas produksi atau penggantian metode pemurnian.
Reducing Sugar Production in Subcritical Water and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using Plackett-Burman Design and Response Surface Methodology Maktum Muharja; Irfan Albana; Jayyid Zuhdan; Agra Bachtiar; Arief Widjaja
Jurnal Teknik ITS Vol 8, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM), ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (754.108 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j23373539.v8i2.49727

Abstract

Subcritical water is one method of hydrolysis that can convert coconut husk to produce reducing sugars. However, this method has the disadvantage of producing derivative products such as furfural and phenolic compounds that act as inhibitors. One effective method is the addition of additives to the subcritical water process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding additives to subcritical water processes and optimizing the operating conditions on the production of reducing sugars. The analysis of reducing sugar was conducted by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Variables used in this study were time, temperature, pressure, water volume, pH, and several types of additives. Plackett-Burman was used for screening significant factors for the production of reducing sugars. The three most affecting factors were further investigated to find out the optimum point using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum point for subcritical water pretreatment operating conditions was the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) of 0.24 grams, reaction time for 80 minutes, and pH 11 yielding a reducing sugar yield of 22.7%, energy use of 291.3 kJ/g with desirability of 85%. Furfural content of all liquids after pretreatment can be neglected (<2 ppm) because of the effect of surfactant.
Self-Cleaning Limestone Paint Modified by Nanoparticles TiO2 Synthesized from TiCl3 as Precursors and PEG6000 as Dispersant Nur Fadhilah; Niki Etruly; Maktum Muharja; Dyah Sawitri
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (117.063 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.3.800.351-356

Abstract

Limestone is commonly used for wall painting, but it is easy to be dirty. In this study, a self-cleaning limestone paint was synthesized by modifying dispersant and TiO2 nanoparticles. The TiO2 that prepared by TiCl3 were functionalized with PEG6000 as a surface activating agent. The paint achieved highest impurity degradation of 83.11 % for the mass ratio of TiO2 and PEG6000 (MRTP) of 1: 6, in which TiO2 average size distribution was 75.81 µm2, the particle surface area of TiO2 was 2,544 µm2, and the smallest contact angle was 7°. It was found that the dispersant (PEG6000) significantly improved the self-cleaning ability of limestone paint. The surface tension reduction from PEG6000-modified prevented the agglomeration process of TiO2 and suggests that the limestone paint a good self-cleaning coating for wall painting. 
A Performance Study of Home-Made Co-Immobilized Lipase from Mucor miehei in Polyurethane Foam on The Hydrolysis of Coconut Oil to Fatty Acid Dwina Moentamaria; Maktum Muharja; Tri Widjaja; Arief Widjaja
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1034.618 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.3848.391-403

Abstract

Bio‐based fatty acids (FAs) produced through hydrolysis of natural oils and fats are promising chemical feedstocks for increasing  the economic value of renewable raw materials. In this work, lecithin, gelatin, PEG, and MgCl2 were employed as the co-immobilized material of crude lipase Mucor miehei immobilization on the polyurethane foam (PUF) matrix for hydrolysis of coconut oil to Free Fatty Acid (FFA). The unconventional immobilized technique was used through cross-linking and covalent bond. Single factor analysis and response surface method were utilized to determine the optimum conditions of the hydrolysis reaction. After optimization, co-immobilized lipase was examined for storage stability at a temperature of 4°C and reusability performance. The optimum conditions for coconut oil hydrolysis were obtained on the co-immobilized-PUF ratio, water-oil ratio, and reaction time of 20.17 w/w, 4.45 w/w, and 20 h, respectively. Under these conditions, the acid value as lauric acid enhanced 573% to 3.21 mg KOH/g oil. Storage stability attained through remaining activity on free lipase, PUF-lipase, PUF-co-immobilized-lipase were 9.89%, 42.3%, and 91.88%, respectively. In this study, the application of PUF-co-immobilized lipase in hydrolysis reactions can be reused up to 5 times. Characteristics of the addition of co-immobilized lipase have been analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), showing the presence of functional groups binding and the changes in the surface matrix structure. 
Enhancing Enzymatic Digestibility of Coconut Husk using Nitrogen-assisted Subcritical Water for Sugar Production Maktum Muharja; Nur Fadhilah; Tantular Nurtono; Arief Widjaja
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (122.402 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5337.84-95

Abstract

Coconut husk (CCH) as an abundant agricultural waste in Indonesia has the potential to be utilized for sugar production, which is the intermediate product of biofuel. In this study, subcritical water (SCW) assisted by nitrogen (N2) was developed to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of CCH. SCW process was optimized by varying the operation condition: the pressure of 60-100 bar, the temperature of 150-190 °C, and the time of 20-60 min. The SCW-treated solid was subsequently hydrolyzed by utilizing a mixture of commercial cellulase and xylanase enzymes. The result shows that the optimum total sugar yield was obtained under the mild condition of SCW treatment, resulting in the sugar of 15.67 % and 10.31 % gained after SCW and enzymatic hydrolysis process, respectively. SEM and FTIR analysis of SCW-treated solid exhibited the deformation of lignin and solubilization of cellulose and hemicellulose, while XRD and TGA revealed an increase of the amount of crystalline part in the solid residue. The use of N2 in SCW treatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis in this study suggested that the method can be considered economically for biofuel production from CCH waste in commercial scale. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Effect of Severity Factor on the Subcritical Water and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Coconut Husk for Reducing Sugar Production Maktum Muharja; Nur Fadhilah; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Hanny Frans Sangian; Tantular Nurtono; Arief Widjaja
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 3 Year 2020 (December 2020)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.3.8870.786-797

Abstract

Preventing the further degradation of monomeric or oligomeric sugar into by-product during biomass conversion is one of the challenges for fermentable sugar production. In this study, the performance of subcritical water (SCW) and enzymatic hydrolysis of coconut husk toward reducing sugar production was investigated using a severity factor (SF) approach. Furthermore, the optimal condition of SCW was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), where the composition changes of lignocellulose and sugar yield as responses. From the results, at low SF of SCW, sugar yield escalated as increasing SF value. In the enzymatic hydrolysis process, the effect of SCW pressure is a significant factor enhancing sugar yield. A maximum total sugar yield was attained on the mild SF condition of 2.86. From this work, it was known that the SF approach is sufficient parameter to evaluate the SCW and enzymatic hydrolysis of coconut husk. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Alkali Pretreatment for Enhancement of Delignification Process of Cocoa Pod Husk Maktum Muharja; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Bekti Palupi; Istiqomah Rahmawati; Boy Arief Fachri; Felix Arie Setiawan; Helda Wika Amini; Meta Fitri Rizkiana; Atiqa Rahmawati; Ari Susanti; Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 1 Year 2021 (March 2021)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.1.8872.31-43

Abstract

In this study, the optimization of microwave-assisted alkaline (MAA) pretreatment is performed to attain the optimal operating parameters for the delignification of cocoa pod husk (CPH). The MAA performance was examined by heating the CPH solid with different particle sizes (60–120 mesh) and NaOH solution with a different sample to a solvent (SS) ratio (0.02–0.05 g/L), for short irradiation time (1–4 min). Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was utilized to optimize the percentage of lignocellulose composition changes. The results show that by enlarging particle size, the content of lignin and cellulose decreased while hemicellulose increased. By prolong irradiation time, the content of lignin and hemicellulose decreased while cellulose elevated. On the other hand, increasing the SS ratio was not significant for hemicellulose content changes. From FTIR and SEM characterization, the MAA drove the removal of lignin and hemicellulose of CPH and increased cellulose slightly. Supported by kinetic study which conducted in this work, it was exhibited that MAA pretreatment technology is an effective delignification method of CPH which can tackle the bottleneck of its commercial biofuel production. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
PENINGKATAN NILAI EKONOMI KOPI REMPAH MELALUI MANAJEMEN KADERISASI PETANI KOPI PEREMPUAN DI DESA TANAH WULAN, KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Helda Wika Amini; Dyah Ayu Savitri; M. Maktum Muharja Al Fajri
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 5, No 4 (2021): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (506.063 KB) | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v5i4.5129

Abstract

Abstrak: Kopi merupakan komoditas andalan perkebunan di Indonesia, utamanya bagi Kabupaten Bondowoso, Jawa Timur. Salah satu pemasok kopi utama di Bondowoso adalah Desa Tanah Wulan, Kecamatan Maesan dimana mata pencaharian utama penduduknya adalah sebagai petani. Mayoritas perempuan berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga sehingga mempunyai banyak waktu luang untuk memproduksi kopi mentah menjadi kopi olahan, sehingga hal ini menjadi obyek pendampingan bagi tim pengabdian untuk melakukan pelatihan pengolahan kopi rempah (KORE) pada tahun 2019. Namun dampak pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan pengolahan kopi rempah masih belum maksimal, sehingga sejak tahun 2020 hingga kini Tim Pengabdian berinisiatif melakukan strategi pengurusan sertifikasi industri rumah tangga melalui Produk Industri Rumah Tangga (PIRT) dan mendampingi dalam manajemen kaderisasi perempuan di desa Tanah Wulan. Solusi yang ditawarkan pada kegiatan ini berupa pemberdayaan perempuan melalui manajemen kaderisasi perempuan di Desa Tanah Wulan. Manajemen kaderisasi berguna untuk menciptakan orang-orang yang akan berperan penting dalam kegiatan produksi hingga pemasaran produk KORE sehingga produk KORE mampu berjalan secara berkelanjutan. Kegiatan inti program ini adalah pengurusan PIRT produk KORE dan pendampingan perempuan di desa Tanah Wulan melalui manajemen kaderisasi. Peningkatan nilai ekonomi kopi rempah melalui pengurusan PIRT dan manajemen kaderisasi petani perempuan Desa Tanah Wulan memberikan peluang yang menjanjikan. Selama pelaksanaan program, perempuan petani kopi menunjukkan antusiasme yang tinggi dalam membentuk kader dan melaksanakan usaha KORE yang berkelanjutan.Abstract:  Coffee is a plantation commodity in Indonesia, especially for Bondowoso Regency, East Java. One of the main coffee suppliers in Bondowoso is Tanah Wulan Village, Maesan District where the main livelihood of the residents is as a farmer. Women work as housewives so they have a lot of free time to produce raw coffee into processed coffee, so this has become an object of assistance for the team to conduct spice coffee processing (KORE) training in 2019. However, the impact of the implementation of the spice coffee processing training is still not maximum, so that since 2020 until now the Team has taken the initiative to carry out a strategy for managing home industry certification through Home Industry Products (PIRT) and assisting in the management of women's regeneration in Tanah Wulan village. The solution offered in this activity is in the form of empowering women through the management of women's regeneration in Tanah Wulan Village. The regeneration management is useful for creating people who will play an important role in production activities to market KORE products so that KORE products can run sustainably. The core activities of this program are the management of KORE product PIRT and women's assistance in Tanah Wulan village through cadre management. The economic value of spiced coffee through improving the management of PIRT and the management of the regeneration of women farmers in Tanah Wulan Village provides the promised opportunities. During program implementation, female coffee farmers showed high enthusiasm in forming cadres and implementing sustainable KORE businesses.
PENYEDIAAN AIR BERSIH MELALUI PENGADAAN ALAT FILTRASI DI SMAN 2 BONDOWOSO Hanggara Sudrajat; Maktum Muharja; Helda Wika Amini; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti
Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat MEMBANGUN NEGERI Vol 5 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Membangun Negeri
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35326/pkm.v5i1.1124

Abstract

Gerakan Mencuci Tangan dengan sabun merupakan salah satu langkah krusial dalam menghadapi kenormalan baru, masyarakat harus hidup berdampingan dengan virus Novel Corona Virus 2019. Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat vital guna menghadapi kenormalan baru. Sayangnya, masih ditemukan daerah yang mengalami kekurangan persediaan air bersih, salah satunya adalah wilayah Kabupaten Bondowoso-Jawa Timur. Oleh karenanya, ketersediaan alat pengolahan air yang sederhana, mudah dalam pengoperasian, dan murah menjadi sangat penting, terutama di institusi pendidikan. Salah satu metode pengolahan air yang memenuhi kriteria tersebut adalah filtrasi. Untuk menjamin ketersediaan air bersih dalam skala kebutuhan sekolah, pengolahan air limbah sabun cuci tangan menjadi air bersih menggunakan metode filtrasi merupakan pilihan yang praktis, ekonomis, dan berkelanjutan. Melalui program Pengabdian Mandiri Universitas Jember 2020 ini, tim pelaksana kegiatan telah memberdayakan siswa di SMAN 2 Bondowoso pada tahap manufaktur, instalasi peralatan, operasional, dan pemeliharaan sistem. Selain itu, dilakukan demonstrasi pengoperasian alat filtrasi, pemeliharaan, hingga manajemen penjadwalan kerja bagi siswa. Tim pelaksana bekerja sama dengan siswa kemudian melakukan evaluasi setiap 2 pekan sekali guna menjamin sistem berjalan secara kontinyu. Sistem pengolahan air limbah sisa cuci tangan menggunakan metode filtrasi menjadi salah satu pilihan yang tepat untuk mengatasi masalah ketersediaan air bersih dalam menghadapi era Kenormalan Baru.