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THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT POLICY IN SMES FACILITATING INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA: A CASE STUDY ON BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES PROVIDER Akhmad, Khabib Alia; Karsidi, Ravik; Rahayu, Endang Siti; Wijaya, Mahendra
ASIAN JOURNAL FOR POVERTY STUDIES (AJPS) Vol 4, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Regional Network on Poverty Eradication

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Abstract

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important part in improving the Indonesia economy and, consequently, the government has a mandatory obligation to maintain their sustainability and development. The fact that government has a limitation in helping solve the problems the SMEs encounter, Business Development Service- Provider (BDS-P) can serve as an alternative partner in improving the performances and finding the solution for the problem faced by the SMEs. This research was conducted on BDS-P existing in Indonesia using the qualitative method to describe and to explore in-depth the role of government policy in BDS-P development in Indonesia. The primary data were collected through interviews and observations, while the secondary data were derived from the documentation, notes, and archives. From the data processing and data analysis, it could be concluded that the government policies concerning the development of BDS-P had resulted in the improvement of the ability and capacity of BDS-P in providing business services, dissemination of the BDS-P roles in developing SMEs, involvement of BDS-P in providing business service for SMEs, and the establishment of the standard on the competency certification for professional consultants/ facilitators.
Factors Associated with Exercise among Elderly in Boyolali, Indonesia Puspitosari, Aniek; Soemanto, RB; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The elderly will face more problems by getting older. One of which is degenerative disease due to of aging process, such as cardiovascular disease. In the year 2001 (SKRT) data indicated that there were 26.4% elderly suffered from hypertension disease. Exercise for elderly is one of primary preventive actions. Research should be done related to the practice exercise for elderly. This study was aimed to determine the factors of physical exercise for elderly based on health belief model (HBM).Subjects and Method: This was an analytic qualitative study with cross-sectional design. This conducted in Sobokerto, Ngemplak, Boyolali, Central Java, Indonesia. A total sample of 80 elderly with hypertension and participate in physical exercises. Data analysis used chi square and logistic regression.Results: The results showed that the perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and cues to action have relationship with physical exercise. There is positive relationship and statically significant between perceived susceptibility with high phycical exercise (OR= 27.01; 95% CI= 2.04 to 357.91; p= 0.012), high perceived benefits (OR= 26.95; 95% CI= 2.20 to 392.05; p= 0.010), high perceived barriers (OR= 0.021; 95% CI= 0.00 to 0.90 p= 0.044), cues to action (OR= 21.37; 95% CI= 1.94 to 259.92; p = 0.044).Conclusion: The HBM constructs on the physical exercise of elderly who are at risk for hypertension. The most important HBM predictors of physical exercise were perceived susceptibility.Keywords: physical exercise, elderly, hypertension, health belief modelCorrespondence: Aniek Puspitosari. Health Polytechnic, Poltekkes of Surakarta Indonesia.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2016), 1(1): 41-45https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2016.01.01.06
The Roles of Batang Public Hospital, HIV Case Manager, People Living with HIV, Partners, and Peer Support Group, in the Prevention of HIV/AIDS Transmission Kusumawardani, Dian; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Batang Public Hospital is one of the referal hospitals for People Living with HIV (PLHIV). It provides outpatient and inpatient care service for PLHIV. Batang Public Hospital is expected to play its role as a referal hospital in collaboration with the HIV case manager to provide a comprehensive care to PLHIV, including mobile Voluntary Counseling and Test (VCT), and facilitating HIV/ AIDS peer support group. The study aimed to investigate the dynamic interaction between Batang Public Hospital, HIV case manager, VCT nurse, HIV/ AIDS peer support group, and PLHIV, to prevent and control HIV/ AIDS.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach, conducted in Batang District, Central Java, Indonesia. Study subjects were selected purposively, which included  PLHIV, VCT nurses, Batang Public Hospital administrators, and HIV case manager. The data were collected by in-depth interview.Result: Batang Public Hospital provides health services with VCT clinics, mobile VCT, PICT (Provider Initiative Counselling and Test), PMTCT (Preventive Mother to Child Transmission). However, PMTCT implementation for birthing mothers with HIV/AIDS is referred to Dr. Karyadi Hospital in Semarang. Batang Public Hospital cooperated with HIV case manager in the implementation of mobile VCT. PLHIV have been participating in the prevention of HIV/AIDS program by using condom.Conclusion: Batang Public Hospital and HIV case manager have been collaborating in the provision of and health social services for PLHIV. Peer support group provide assistant to PLHIV to improve the quality of life. PLHIV have been participating in the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission program by using condom and playing their role in the PMTCT program.Keywords: PLHIV, health care, peer support group, health behavior, HIV/AIDS case managerCorrespondence: Dian Kusumawardani. Academy of Midwifery Harapan Ibu, Pekalongan, Central Java.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior(2016), 1(2): 79-86https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2016.01.02.03
Socioeconomics Factors Associated with the Utilization of Primary Health Services of Mothers and Children at Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Kristiani, Yunita; Tamtomo, Didik; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: One of the main health development agenda in Indonesia 2015 to 2019 is reduction in maternal mortality ratio and infant mortality rate, and improve access and quality of maternal and child health services. However, variance in socioeconomics status between individual and between rural-urban have caused to difference in utilization of health service. This study aimed to analyze socioeconomics factors associated with the utilization of primary health services of mothers and children at Nunukan District, North Kalimantan.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at six community health centers in Nunukan, North Kalimantan, from October to November, 2017. A total sample of 208 mothers was collected using multistage random sampling. The dependent variables were antenatal care (ANC) service, place of birth delivery, and basic immunization. The independent variables were maternal education, maternal employment status, family income, family welfare, and residence. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Utilization of ANC increased with better family welfare (b= 1.42; 95% CI= 0.34 to 2.49; p=0.010). Use of basic immunization increased with higher maternal education (b= 0.71; 95% CI= 0.06 to 1.35; p= 0.032). Place of birth delivery at formal health facility increased with living in urban area (b= 3.2; 95% CI= 1.97 to 4.44; p <0.001), maternal employment (b= 2.34; 95% CI= 0.77 to 3.91; p=0.003), and regular ANC (b=1.04; 95% CI= -0.10 to 2.18; p=0.074). Family income increased with higher maternal education level (b= 1.21; 95% CI= 0.50 to 1.92; p= 0.001) and maternal employment (b= 2.54; 95% CI= 1.67 to 3.41; p <0.001). Family welfare increased with living in urban area (b= 1.4; 95% CI= 0.09 to 2.68; p=0.035) and higher family income (b=2.5; 95% CI= 0.44 to 4.54; p= 0.017). Maternal employment status increased with higher maternal education level (b= 2.45; 95% CI= 1.63 to 3.26; p <0.001).Conclusion: Utilization of ANC directly increases with better family welfare. Utilization of basic immunization increases with higher maternal education. Place of birth delivery at formal health facility increases with living in urban area, maternal employment, and regular ANC.Keyword: social economics factors, ANC, place of birth delivery, basic immunization, mother, children Correspondence: Yunita Kristiani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Surakarta, 57126, Central Java. Email: y.ithakristiani@gmail.com. Mobile: 085393313553.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 371-384https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.08
Phenomenology Study: Factors Associated with the Choice of Unskilled Traditional Birth Attendants in Brebes, Central Java Prastiwi, Ratih Sakti; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 1, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: The number of birth delivery attended by unskilled traditional birth attendant in Brebes District, Central Java, was still high. From January to April 2016, 67 birth deliveries were attended by unskilled traditional birth attendant. This study aimed to delve information in how social and cultural factors influence the decision to choose traditional birth attendants in Brebes, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach. This study was carried out in Brebes, Central Java. The key informants of this study were midwives, who by snowball sampling technique suggested on the traditional birth attendants and their clients (i.e. laboring mothers) to be interviewed. The data were collected by in-depth interview, focus group discussion, observation, and document review. The researcher did data reduction, data display, and made decision. The data were verified by triangulation of sources technique.Results: Some skilled traditional birth attendants actively collaborated with midwives. Today rarely traditional birth attendants attend birth delivery, although there was a considerable number of community members who sought their help for birth attendant. Community members regard these traditional birth attendants as to have charisma and some supernatural power. Usually traditional birth attendants get involved in cultural ceremonies. Sometimes community members seek traditional birth attendants as a source of advice. In an extended family the decision to choose birth attendant was made by the mother or grandmother of the laboring woman. In a smaller family the decision to choose birth attendant was made by the laboring woman.Conclusion: The decision to choose unskilled birth attendants is made by the family members of the laboring woman, and this choice was influenced by traditional birth attendant’s charisma.Keywords: birth delivery, traditional birth attendant, social and cultural factorsCorrespondence: Ratih Sakti Prastiwi. Diploma III Program of Midwifery, Health Polytechnics Harapan Bersama, Tegal. Email: ratih.sakti@ymail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(4): 242-249https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.04.05 
Employment Status, Family Income, Contraceptive Availability, and their Effects on the Use of Long Term Contraceptives in Sukoharjo, Central Java Ningrum, Sri Setiyo; Indarto, Dono; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 1, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Rapid population growth cause population burden on earth and imbalance population distribution. This situation in turn make cause public health and social problems. One of the methods that can be used to control population growth is long term contraceptive use. The Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI) showed that employed mothers were more likely to use long term contraceptive than unemployed mothers. Contraceptives are available for free at Family Planning Clinic (KKB). This study aimed to analyze the effect of employment status, family income, and contraceptive availability, on the use of long term contraceptive among women and men of reproductive age in Sukoharjo, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative analytic and descriptive study with phenomenology approach. This study was conducted in Weru, Kartasura, Polokarto, and Tawangsari subdistricts, Sukoharjo, Central Java. The key informants included acceptors of implant, Intra Uterine Device (IUD), Female Surgical Method (MOW), and Male Surgical Method (MOP). The data were collected by in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observation, document review. The data were alayze by interactive analysis. The data were verified by triangulation of data sources.Results: Two informants reported they chose IUD because they had to work outside the house, undesirable side effects of using oral contraceptive, injection contraceptive, and contraceptive use by their mothers and grandmothers. Some other informants have used implant because of undesirable side effect of using injection contraceptive, such as irregular menstruation and increased body weight. Two other informants have used female surgical method (MOW) because they already have three children and do not want to be pregnant again. One male informant reported that he has used male surgical method (MOP) because already has four children, and he followed the methods his father has used. Most of the long term contaceptive users work outside the house and their incomes were lower than the minimum regional standard wage. Most of the long term contraceptive users receive free contraceptive and additional reward (e.g. free rice). The remaining long term contraceptive users buy contraceptives at the health center and hospital. The contraceptives were supplied by the National Coordinating Board of Population and Family Planning (Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional, BKKBN) at province level. Village midwives did not receive free contraceptive because their practices have not been classified as Family Planning Clinics (KKB).Conclusion: Availability of contraceptive is a necessary condition for long term contraceptive use. Working outside the house is an additional factor for most women to realize long term contraceptive use.Keywords: Employment status, family income, availability, long term contraceptive Correspondence: Sri Setiyo Ningrum. Diploma III Program in Midwifery, Poltekkes Bhakti Mulia, Sukoharjo, Central Java. Email: srisetiyoningrum@ymail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(3): 179-187https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.05
Association Between Cigarette Package Warning Messages, Self-Efficacy, and Smoking Behavior among Students at Health Polytechnic in Surakarta, Indonesia Mangunsong, Roy Romey Daulas; Murti, Bhisma; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Total number of smokers around the worldwide is approximately 140 million. The number of deaths caused by tobacco smoking related diseases is approximately 300,000 per year. Average age to start smoking is 17.6 years. The high number of smokers at young age indicates that public awareness of the dangers of smoking is still very low. This study aimed to determine the association between cigarette package warning messages, self-efficacy, and smoking behavior among students.Subject and Methods: This was an analytical observational study with cross sectional design, carried out in Surakarta, Indonesia. A total of 71 students at Polytechnic of health and sciences were selected by using random sampling technique. The dependent variable was smoking behavior. The independent variables were illustrated the dangers of cigarette smoking advertising and self-efficacy. The data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed by using regression logistic.Results: there is a relationship between an ad illustrated the dangers of cigarette smoking with smoking behavior (OR= 2.87; 95% CI= 0.91 to 9.03; p = 0.071). There is a relationship between the smoking behavior of yourself with the efficacy (OR = 0.23; 95% CI= 0.07 to 0.74; p = 0.013). The ads illustrated the dangers of cigarette smoking and self-efficacy was able to explain the smoking behavior of 16.2% and amounted to 83.8% explained by factors other than the research model.Conclusion: there is a connection between the ads illustrated the dangers of cigarette smoking and the smoking behavior of self-efficacy with the students.Keywords: cigarette package warning messages, self-efficacy, smoking behaviorCorrespondence: Roy Romey Daulas Mangunsong. Department of Speech and Occupational Therapy, Health Polytechnic Surakarta. Email: Surakartaroypoltekstw@gmail.comJournal of Health Policy and Management (2016), 1(1): 44-52https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2016.01.01.07 
Application of Health Belief Model on Preventive Behaviors of Patients with Low Back Pain Sari, Septi Ayu Arum Yuspita; Indarto, Dono; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 3, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Low back pain (LBP) has different negative impacts in some people around the world. There are many risk factors of LBP, either biology, psychology, or social economics. A psychological theory (Health Belief Model/HBM) can be applied for preventive behaviors of some human diseases. This study aimed to analyze the application of HBM on preventive behaviors of patients with LBP.Subjects and Method: This was a case-control study conducted at the medical rehabilitation policlinic, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from October to November 2018. A sample of 50 LBP patients and 100 non-LBP patients was selected by fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variable was preventive behaviors. The independent variables were perceived severity, susceptibility, benefit, barrier, threat, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Data on LBP was obtained from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: LBP preventive behaviors were directly and positively associated with perceived threat (b= 0.46; 95% CI= 0.24 to 0.68; p<0.001), perceived benefit (b= 0.29; 95% CI= 0.18 to 0.40; p<0.001), and self-efficacy (b= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.08 to 0.23; p<0.001). It was indirectly associated with perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, and cues to action.Conclusion: LBP preventive behaviors are directly and positively associated with perceived threat, perceived benefit, and self-efficacy. It is indirectly associated with perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barrier, and cues to action. This study supports the application of HBM to explain LBP preventive behaviors.Keywords: low back pain, Health Belief Model, path analysisCorrespondence: Septi Ayu Arum Yuspita Sari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email:yuspitasari020993@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282338986991.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2018), 3(3): 192-198https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2018.03.03.06
Path Analysis on the Determinants of Adherence to Anti Tuberculosis Drug Treatment in Kaur District, Bengkulu, Indonesia Hamidi, Surahman; Raharjo, Setyo Sri; Wijaya, Mahendra
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 4, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Drug treatment compliance was the behavior of patients to take medication and undergo treatment according to the rules determined by professional health personnels. Many factors influenced the compliance with treatment for tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to examine determinants of drug treatment compliance among tuberculosis patients.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at 16 community health centers in Kaur Regency, Bengkulu, Indonesia, from January to February 2019. A sample of 206 study subjects was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was drug treatment adherence. The indepen­dent variables were age, gender, education, income, knowledge, role of drug taking supervisor, side effect of drug treatment, distance to health service, drug availability, family support, and tenure. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Adherence to anti tuberculosis treatment was directly and positively affected by age (b= 2.96; CI 95%= 1.12 to 4.79; p= 0.002), gender (b= 1.48; CI 95%= 0.02 to 2.95; p= 0.047), education (b= 2.18; CI 95%= 0.24 to 4.11; p= 0.027), income (b= 0.85; CI 95%= 0.76 to 2.45; p= 0.031), knowledge (b= 2.27; CI 95%= 0.32 to 4.22; p= 0.023), the role of drug taking supervisor (b= 3.46; CI 95%= 1.57 to 5.36; p<0.001), drug availability (b= 0.04; CI 95%= -6.07 to 6.16; p= 0.989), and family support (b= 2.97; CI 95%= 1.30 to 4.64; p<0.001). It was negatively affected by the side effects of the drug (b= -3.07; CI 95%= -4.90 to -1.24; p= 0.001), distance to health service (b= -1.86; CI 95%= -3.61 to -0.11; p= 0.037), and tenure (b= -2.16; CI 95%= -3.95 to -0.38; p= 0.017). Adherence to anti tuberculosis treatment was indirectly affected by income, knowledge, and role of drug treatment supervisor.Conclusion: Adherence to anti tuberculosis treatment is directly and positively affected by age, gender, education, income, knowledge, the role of drug taking supervisor, drug availability, and family support. It is negatively affected by the side effects of the drug, distance to health service, and tenure.Keywords : treatment adherence, tuberculosis, determinants, path analysisCorrespondence: Surahman Hamidi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: surahmanhamidi@student.uns.ac.id. Mobile: 085267­456713.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(3): 205-214https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.03.08
STUDI PENERAPAN BANK SAMPAH DALAM UPAYA PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA Haryanti, Sri; Gravitiani, Evi; Wijaya, Mahendra
Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Vol 6, No 1: Maret 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/bioeksperimen.v6i1.10434

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Waste Bank program is an alternative in waste management by 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) approach. Yogyakarta is one of the cities that has implemented that program. This study was aimed to analyze the composition of the deposited waste to the banks and examine the implementation of waste banks in Yogyakarta city in environment management efforts. The study was conducted in October-December 2016, and  is a quantitative study that was conducted by measurement, interview and observation methods in five waste banks in Yogyakarta City. Data analysis was performed by means of quantitative descriptive in the form of tables and graphs. The results show that total weight of the deposited waste in a month is 3,062.1 kg, in average. The composition of the waste consists of: plastic 23.36%, paper 65.06%, glass 5% and metal 6.56%. The Waste Bank program in Yogyakarta City is able to assist the efforts of environment management, with a potentiton of 97%  waste reduction. After the existence of waste banks, in corresponds with their environment condition, 65 respondents (65%) stated it is clean, and 35 (35%) stated very clean. Respondents who stated that their houses are very clean and clean are 34% and 66%, respectively.