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The effect of bioplus supplementation on performance of Madura cattle in Central Kalimantan Ngadiyono, Nono; Hartadi, Hari; Winugroho, M; Siswansyah, Deddy Djauhari; Ahmad, Salfina Nurdin
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 6, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The experiment was conducted to investigate the production performances, i.e. the growth rate, feed consumption, feed conversion and carcass percentage of Madura cattle supplemented with bioplus and palm coconut cake. Twelve (12) male Madura cattle of approximately 1.5 to 2.0 years old with an initial liveweight of 136.62+21.61 kg were used in this study, and were randomly divided into four ration treatments, namely (I) Ration composed of roughage and legume (control); (II) Roughage and legume were supplemented with bioplus; (III) Roughage and legume were supplemented with palm coconut cake; and (IV) Roughage and legume were supplemented with palm coconut cake and bioplus. Each group (unit) consisted of three cattle. The cattle were kept in feedlot system lasted in three months. The roughage and legume consisted of field grass 80%, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) 10% and ground peanut straw 10%. Bioplus taken from Balitnak (Research Institute for Animal Production) Ciawi, Bogor was given at 0.5 kg/cattle and palm coconut cake was given at 2 kg/cattle, respectively. The variable measurements were average of daily gain (ADG), feed consumption, feed conversion, feed cost per gain, carcass percentage, and nutrient digestibility. The data were analyzed using a variance analyses (completely randomized design), followed by Duncanâs new multiple range test (DMRT) for the significant means. The result indicated that palm coconut cake and bioplus supplementation produce higher ADG. The ADG were 0.32; 0.38; 0.55; and 0.61 kg for treatment I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Supplementation with bioplus and palm coconut cake increased dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter (OM) and crude protein intake (CPI). Supplementation can also reduce feed conversion and feed cost per gain compared to without supplementation. Bioplus supplementation increases DM, OM, and CP digestibility. There were no significant effect of treatments on the dressing percentage, while the percentage of offal mainly skin, lung, kidney, and viscera fat were significantly different. Bioplus supplementation increased feed consumption, digestibility, and reduced feed cost per gain. Â Key words: Madura cattle, bioplus, production performance

Fermentation kinetics (in vitro) of Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium and Calliandra callothyrsus leaves (3) the pattern of gas production, organic matter degradation, pH, NH3 and VFA concentration; estimated CH4 and microbial biomass production Widiawati, Y; Winugroho, M; Teleni, E; Thalib, A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

In high protein feeds, plant proteins may be shielded from degradation in the rumen by lignification of the cell wall or because of the present of plant secondary compounds e.g. tannin, which is present in most of the leguminous trees/shrubs. Thus it might have an effect on organic matter degradation and the pattern of other end product of rumen microbial fermentation (VFA, NH3, microbial cell, CH4 and total gas). The in vitro method was used to determine the organic matter degradation and the pattern of rumen fermentation end product of high protein feeds, namely Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricida sepium and Calliandra calothyrsus. The results shows that Gliricidia has the highest amount of OM degraded (505 mg); microbial cell and NH3 produced (2676 g and 1.91 mmol/100 mL) than followed by Leucaena (423 mg; 2656 g; 1.61 mmol/100 mL) and Calliandra (340 mg; 2644 g; 1.61 mmol/100mL), but Gliricidia produced the lowest amount of gas total and CH4 (0.192 mL and 0.07 mole per mg OM deraded) then Leucaena (0.249 mL and 0.097 mole per mg OM deraded) and Callliandra (0.196 mL and 0.126 mole per mg OM deraded). In conclusion, Gliricidia is more efficient in term of using the dietary energy for the animalsâ production compared to the Leucaena and Calliandra. Key Words: Legumes Tree, Organic Matter, NH3, VFA, CH4, Microbial Cell

Nitrogen kinetics in growing sheep consuming Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium or Calliandra calothyrsus as a sole diet Widiawati, Yeni; Winugroho, M; Teleni, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The utilization of protein feed by animals are influenced by the process of its degradation in the rumen and its digestion in the intestine. The extent of its degradation and digestion are influenced by the form of protein and the present of secondary compound in the plant. The aim of the study was to determine the amont of protein in the three leguminouse shrubs utilized by the animals. The study on the utilization of protein from leguminouse shrub was undertaken by investigate the nitrogen kinetic in 24 head of growing sheep (BW 23kg) consuming Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium, Calliandra callothyrsus leaves and Rhodes grass hay. The diets were fed every two hours starting at 07:00 am. The animals were divided into four groups of dietary treatment namely LL, GS, CC and CG groups which were fed by Leucaena, Gliricidia, Calliandra dan Rhodes grass leaves, respectively. The Rhode grass, as control diet, was mixed with 1.4% of urea to increase the nitrogen offered to the animals up to 150 g/day. Thus all the four diets were offered the same amount of nitrogen/day. Measurements were undertaken on feed utilization and nitrogen kinetics in experimental animals. The amount of nitrogen consumed then undegraded in the rumen as well as undigested in the intestine was significant higher in CC group (P < 0.01) then those in LL, GS and CG groups. The value was 67% for CC group then followed by 35% for LL group and 33% for GS group. The amount of nitrogen degraded in the rumen thus lost in urine was significantly higher in animals fed GS and LL leaves compared to those in animals fed CC diet (P < 0.01). The values were 46% for GS and LL group and only 16% for CC group. The amount of nitrogen retained by the animals was similar among the three groups being 17-21% (P > 0.05). The Plasma urea concentration, urea entry rate and urea in urine animals were similar in LL and GS groups but higher than those in CC group. The values were 0.86; 0.8; 0.46 mg/ml (P < 0.01) and 79; 78; 50 g/d (P < 0.01) and 26.7; 24.5; 7.3 g/d (P < 0.01) for LL, GS and CC groups, respectively. The conclusion is most of nitrogen from Calliandra was un-degraded and un-digested in the rumen and intestine thus excreted through feces, while most of the protein in Leucaena and Gliricidia was degraded in the rumen thus excreted through urine. Key Words: Leucaena, Gliricidia, Calliandra, Nitrogen-Kinetics, Urea Entry Rate

Nutrient Characteristics and Fermented Rice Straw Degradation by Lignolitic TLiD and BopR Inoculums Prihartini, I; Soebarinoto, Soebarinoto; Chuzaemi, S; Winugroho, M
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 11, No 1 (2009): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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The research has been conducted to evaluate the nutritionâs characteristic and degradation of rice straw fermented Â with lignolitic inokulum in different incubation time.Â Rice straw fermentation with lignolitik isolates increase the dry matter and crude protein content compare with dried fermented rice straw. On the other hand, fermentation decrease organic matter, crude fiber, and cellulose contents. The decreasing of OM, CF, and cellulose were lower than lignin. The fermentation with lignolitik inoculum increase the value of DM and OM degradation of rice straw in parameterÂ non-soluble water fraction but degradable potentially(b), potensial of degradation (a+b) dan degradation time (c) BK dan BO but non significant to parameter water soluble fractions (a).Â Fermentation with lignolitik inoculum increase the nutritive value and degradation rice strwa and the best treatment was combination of Â TLiD danÂ BOpR inoculums in three days incubation. (Animal Production 11(1): 1-7 (2009)Â Key Words: rice straw, rice straw fermented, lignolitik, lignin biodegradation, nutrition

Efektivitas Daun Murbei Sebagai Pengganti Konsentrat dalam Sistem Rumen in Vitro S Syahrir; K G Wiryawan; A Parakkasi; M Winugroho; O.N P Sari
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 2 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Mulberry leave has a great potential as animal feed because of its high nutrient content. It also has deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) compound, that is potential to increase fermentability of fibrous feed in ruminal system. An in vitro experiment was conducted to investigate the capability of mulberry leaves to substitute concentrate as feed for ruminant in increasing fermentability of fibrous feed in ruminal system. This experiment was carried out using randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were: P0 (50% rice straw + 50% concentrate) as a control, P1 (50% rice straw + 37.5% concentrate + 12.5% mulberry leave), P2 (50% rice straw + 25% concentrate + 25% mulberry leave), P3 (50% rice straw + 12.5% concentrate + 37.5% mulberry leave), P4 (50% rice straw + 50% mulberry leave). Variables measured were fermentability (NH3 and VFA concentrations), pH, gas production, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and duncan multiple range test was further used to test the significant differences. VFA concentration, dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility were significantly difference (P < 0.05) among treatments. However, there was no significant effect on the other variables. It is concluded that mulberry leave are able to substitute the concentrate and increased fermentability of fibrous feed in ruminal system. Key words: mulberry leave, rice straw, ruminal fermentation, in vitro

Substitution of Concentrate with Mulberry Leaves in Ongole Grade Cattle Fed Rice Straw Based Diet S Syahrir; K G Wiryawan; A Parakkasi; M Winugroho; A Natsir
Media Peternakan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

An experiment was conducted to assess the substitution of concentrate with mulberry (Morus spp.) leaves combined with rice straw offered to beef cattle. The study used 12 male Ongole grade cattle weighing 217+10.53 kg. Rations consisted of rice straw, mulberry leaves and concentrate. Research was carried out according to completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 4 replications for each treatment. The treatments were: P1= 50% rice straw + 50% concentrate; P2= 50% rice straw + 25% concentrate + 25% mulberry; P3= 50% rice straw + 50% mulberry. The results of the study indicated that rumen fermentation in cattlle fed on P2 ration was more effective than those receiving P1 and P3 rations. The fermentation was characterized by a higher production of total VFA and allantoin excretion in the urine. The presence of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) compound of mulberry leaves in the rumen system in treatment P2 and P3 improved digestibility of fiber fractions of rice straw-based rations. Mulberry leaves in rations also accounted for isoacids in the rumen system, which supported the development of cellulolytic bacteria. In conclusion, mulberry leaves containing concentrate had a potency to substitute concentrate when used together with fiber source feed such as rice straw.

Nitrogen kinetics in growing sheep consuming Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium or Calliandra calothyrsus as a sole diet Yeni Widiawati; M Winugroho; E Teleni
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 17, No 3 (2012): SEPTEMBER 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The utilization of protein feed by animals are influenced by the process of its degradation in the rumen and its digestion in the intestine. The extent of its degradation and digestion are influenced by the form of protein and the present of secondary compound in the plant. The aim of the study was to determine the amont of protein in the three leguminouse shrubs utilized by the animals. The study on the utilization of protein from leguminouse shrub was undertaken by investigate the nitrogen kinetic in 24 head of growing sheep (BW 23kg) consuming Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium, Calliandra callothyrsus leaves and Rhodes grass hay. The diets were fed every two hours starting at 07:00 am. The animals were divided into four groups of dietary treatment namely LL, GS, CC and CG groups which were fed by Leucaena, Gliricidia, Calliandra dan Rhodes grass leaves, respectively. The Rhode grass, as control diet, was mixed with 1.4% of urea to increase the nitrogen offered to the animals up to 150 g/day. Thus all the four diets were offered the same amount of nitrogen/day. Measurements were undertaken on feed utilization and nitrogen kinetics in experimental animals. The amount of nitrogen consumed then undegraded in the rumen as well as undigested in the intestine was significant higher in CC group (P < 0.01) then those in LL, GS and CG groups. The value was 67% for CC group then followed by 35% for LL group and 33% for GS group. The amount of nitrogen degraded in the rumen thus lost in urine was significantly higher in animals fed GS and LL leaves compared to those in animals fed CC diet (P < 0.01). The values were 46% for GS and LL group and only 16% for CC group. The amount of nitrogen retained by the animals was similar among the three groups being 17-21% (P > 0.05). The Plasma urea concentration, urea entry rate and urea in urine animals were similar in LL and GS groups but higher than those in CC group. The values were 0.86; 0.8; 0.46 mg/ml (P < 0.01) and 79; 78; 50 g/d (P < 0.01) and 26.7; 24.5; 7.3 g/d (P < 0.01) for LL, GS and CC groups, respectively. The conclusion is most of nitrogen from Calliandra was un-degraded and un-digested in the rumen and intestine thus excreted through feces, while most of the protein in Leucaena and Gliricidia was degraded in the rumen thus excreted through urine. Key Words: Leucaena, Gliricidia, Calliandra, Nitrogen-Kinetics, Urea Entry Rate

Fermentation kinetics (in vitro) of Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium and Calliandra callothyrsus leaves (3) the pattern of gas production, organic matter degradation, pH, NH3 and VFA concentration; estimated CH4 and microbial biomass production Y Widiawati; M Winugroho; E Teleni; A Thalib
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 12, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

In high protein feeds, plant proteins may be shielded from degradation in the rumen by lignification of the cell wall or because of the present of plant secondary compounds e.g. tannin, which is present in most of the leguminous trees/shrubs. Thus it might have an effect on organic matter degradation and the pattern of other end product of rumen microbial fermentation (VFA, NH3, microbial cell, CH4 and total gas). The in vitro method was used to determine the organic matter degradation and the pattern of rumen fermentation end product of high protein feeds, namely Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricida sepium and Calliandra calothyrsus. The results shows that Gliricidia has the highest amount of OM degraded (505 mg); microbial cell and NH3 produced (2676 g and 1.91 mmol/100 mL) than followed by Leucaena (423 mg; 2656 g; 1.61 mmol/100 mL) and Calliandra (340 mg; 2644 g; 1.61 mmol/100mL), but Gliricidia produced the lowest amount of gas total and CH4 (0.192 mL and 0.07 mole per mg OM deraded) then Leucaena (0.249 mL and 0.097 mole per mg OM deraded) and Callliandra (0.196 mL and 0.126 mole per mg OM deraded). In conclusion, Gliricidia is more efficient in term of using the dietary energy for the animals’ production compared to the Leucaena and Calliandra. Key Words: Legumes Tree, Organic Matter, NH3, VFA, CH4, Microbial Cell

The effect of bioplus supplementation on performance of Madura cattle in Central Kalimantan Nono Ngadiyono; Hari Hartadi; M Winugroho; Deddy Djauhari Siswansyah; Salfina Nurdin Ahmad
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 2 (2001): JUNE 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The experiment was conducted to investigate the production performances, i.e. the growth rate, feed consumption, feed conversion and carcass percentage of Madura cattle supplemented with bioplus and palm coconut cake. Twelve (12) male Madura cattle of approximately 1.5 to 2.0 years old with an initial liveweight of 136.62+21.61 kg were used in this study, and were randomly divided into four ration treatments, namely (I) Ration composed of roughage and legume (control); (II) Roughage and legume were supplemented with bioplus; (III) Roughage and legume were supplemented with palm coconut cake; and (IV) Roughage and legume were supplemented with palm coconut cake and bioplus. Each group (unit) consisted of three cattle. The cattle were kept in feedlot system lasted in three months. The roughage and legume consisted of field grass 80%, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) 10% and ground peanut straw 10%. Bioplus taken from Balitnak (Research Institute for Animal Production) Ciawi, Bogor was given at 0.5 kg/cattle and palm coconut cake was given at 2 kg/cattle, respectively. The variable measurements were average of daily gain (ADG), feed consumption, feed conversion, feed cost per gain, carcass percentage, and nutrient digestibility. The data were analyzed using a variance analyses (completely randomized design), followed by Duncan’s new multiple range test (DMRT) for the significant means. The result indicated that palm coconut cake and bioplus supplementation produce higher ADG. The ADG were 0.32; 0.38; 0.55; and 0.61 kg for treatment I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Supplementation with bioplus and palm coconut cake increased dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter (OM) and crude protein intake (CPI). Supplementation can also reduce feed conversion and feed cost per gain compared to without supplementation. Bioplus supplementation increases DM, OM, and CP digestibility. There were no significant effect of treatments on the dressing percentage, while the percentage of offal mainly skin, lung, kidney, and viscera fat were significantly different. Bioplus supplementation increased feed consumption, digestibility, and reduced feed cost per gain. Key words: Madura cattle, bioplus, production performance

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